美国总统特朗普7月30日签署行政令宣布，8月6日起对巴西输美产品加征40%从价关税。此前，特朗普 在社交媒体发文，要求卢拉政府停止对博索纳罗的司法调查，称其遭遇"政治迫害"。卢拉就此回应说， 巴西的司法程序不容任何干涉或威胁，国家机构的独立性不容侵犯。 在美国加征关税生效之际，卢拉6日接受媒体采访时表示，"美国总统对巴西这样的主权国家发号施令不 可接受"，"巴美关系跌至200年来最低点"。他还说，目前不认为有与特朗普直接对话的可能。"如果哪 天我的直觉告诉我特朗普准备好谈了，我会毫不犹豫地打电话给他。但今天我的直觉告诉我，他不想 谈。我不会让自己受辱。" 新华社巴西利亚8月9日电 综述｜巴西"硬刚"美国关税霸凌：主权与尊严之战 新华社记者吴昊 美国对巴西输美产品加征40%从价关税日前生效，大部分巴西输美产品面临的关税税率高达50%。美国 在声称要"平衡长期贸易逆差"的同时，指责巴西政府对前总统博索纳罗进行"政治迫害"。对此，巴西总 统卢拉坚决回击，表示巴西将加强与新兴经济体团结合作，并通过世界贸易组织、金砖国家机制等多边 平台争取国际社会支持，打响一场捍卫国家主权与尊严之战。 据古巴拉美社报道，卢拉5日在巴西 ...

Group 1 - Vietnam unexpectedly rejected the US proposed tariff plan, which initially suggested a 20% tariff, while Vietnam aimed for a lower rate of 11% [1][2] - The US announcement of a 20% tariff was made without a formal agreement, catching all parties off guard and leading to Vietnam's disappointment and anger [2][4] - Vietnam's government issued a memo instructing local media not to publish unverified information regarding the tariff agreement, indicating their opposition to Trump's claims [2][4] Group 2 - Vietnam's dissatisfaction with the tariff announcement coincided with its recent status as a partner country in BRICS, where it expressed serious concerns over unilateral US tariff measures [4][6] - During a meeting with China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi, Vietnam received assurances of support against US tariff bullying, emphasizing the need for equal negotiations [6] - China's stance against US tariff practices strengthens Vietnam's position, providing it with confidence and backing from both BRICS and China in trade negotiations [6]

Group 1 - The core point of the news is that the United States has reached a trade agreement with Vietnam, which includes a minimum 20% tariff on all Vietnamese exports to the U.S. and a commitment from the U.S. to fully open its market to Vietnam [1][3] - Vietnam is the eighth largest trading partner of the U.S., with a trade surplus exceeding $120 billion in 2024, making it the fourth largest economy with a trade surplus with the U.S. [3] - Approximately 60% of American companies operating in Vietnam support the trade agreement, while 30% express concerns about the redefinition of "transshipment trade," which could lead to increased tariffs on goods processed in Vietnam but originally produced in China [3][6] Group 2 - Cambodia has also reached a tariff agreement with the U.S., becoming the second Southeast Asian country to do so after Vietnam, although specific details of the agreement remain unclear [4][6] - The agreements with Vietnam and Cambodia reflect a pragmatic strategy for these developing countries to negotiate favorable international cooperation conditions amid the complex global economic environment [8] - The U.S. maintains a dominant position in the global economic landscape, making it challenging for smaller countries to confront it directly, thus leading to diplomatic negotiations as a rational decision to protect national economic interests [8]

Group 1 - The article highlights the marginalization of Europe in the context of US-China trade negotiations, with European business figures expressing frustration over their lack of involvement [3][5] - The US has made significant concessions to China in trade talks, raising questions about why similar considerations are not extended to Europe, which is also a key economic player [5][9] - Europe has historically relied on the US for technological advancements and military support through NATO, leading to a dependency that limits its ability to assert itself in global negotiations [7][9] Group 2 - The article points out that Europe lacks significant achievements in emerging sectors like electric vehicles and AI, where the US and China have made notable advancements [7] - It emphasizes that Europe must recognize the efforts China has made to achieve its current standing, including self-reliance in technology and military modernization [9][10] - The conclusion suggests that Europe needs to adopt a more assertive stance in international relations, as respect cannot be gained through appeasement but rather through a willingness to stand up for its interests [10]

Group 1 - The core point of the news is that Japan and the UK have increased their holdings of US Treasury bonds, while China has reduced its holdings, signaling a shift in the global debt landscape [1] - Japan increased its US Treasury holdings by $4.9 billion, bringing its total to $1,130.8 billion, maintaining its position as the largest foreign holder of US debt [1] - China reduced its US Treasury holdings by $18.9 billion to $765.4 billion, marking its first reduction this year and causing it to drop from the second to the third largest holder [1] Group 2 - The ongoing US-China trade war, involving $450 billion in goods, is influencing China's decision to reduce its US Treasury holdings, which may serve as a strategic response to US tariffs [1] - This reduction in US Treasury holdings by China may impact the US debt market by affecting yield curves and increasing financing costs for the US Treasury [1] - China's actions reflect a broader strategy to diversify its asset allocation and reduce reliance on dollar-denominated assets in response to external economic pressures [1] Group 3 - Trump is increasingly focused on the US debt situation, targeting the Federal Reserve, which holds $7.5 trillion in US debt, as a potential solution to alleviate debt pressures [3] - Trump's administration is considering extreme measures, including freezing foreign creditor assets, in response to the growing debt crisis [5] - The ongoing negotiations and tensions between the US and China indicate that the US may be in a weaker position, as it relies on China for cooperation in stabilizing the debt situation [7]

Group 1 - China has not imported US LNG for nearly two and a half months since imposing a 15% retaliatory tariff in February, with imports dropping from 65,700 tons in February to zero in March compared to 412,500 tons last year [1][3] - The Chinese government is diversifying its natural gas supply channels and is not solely reliant on the US, focusing on increasing domestic production and utilizing cheaper alternatives such as coal and renewable energy [3][5] - The trade tensions have led to Canada imposing high tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles and steel products, prompting China to retaliate with tariffs on Canadian agricultural products [5][6] Group 2 - There is a call from various sectors in Canada for a pragmatic cooperation with China, suggesting a need to reassess past policies towards China to improve bilateral relations [7] - The Chinese ambassador to Canada emphasized the strong complementary nature of economic relations between China and Canada, particularly in the energy sector [6][7]

Group 1 - The core objective of the tariff war initiated by Trump was to suppress China, but it backfired, damaging the U.S. industries instead [10] - The U.S. reliance on Chinese critical minerals for its clean energy sector was highlighted, showing that tariffs on these minerals harmed American industries [3][5] - The Biden administration's approach to tariffs was more targeted and effective compared to Trump's broad measures, which inadvertently hurt U.S. industries [5][7] Group 2 - The international response to U.S. tariff policies has been one of resistance, with calls for unity against U.S. trade bullying, emphasizing the need to maintain a multilateral trade system [1] - Trump's declining approval ratings and public dissatisfaction with his policies indicate a lack of support for his tariff strategies, which have created uncertainty in global trade [9][10] - The European economy is facing significant threats due to U.S. tariff policies, with officials expressing a desire for negotiations to resolve trade issues [10]

Group 1 - China has ceased purchasing U.S. soybeans and corn since mid-January, indicating a strong response to U.S. tariff policies [1][3] - In response to reduced imports from the U.S., China has increased agricultural purchases from Brazil, signing a contract for 2.4 million tons of soybeans to ensure domestic supply stability [3][5] - The U.S. soybean industry is urging the Trump administration to negotiate with China to protect American farmers' interests, as ongoing tariffs could severely harm U.S. agriculture [5] Group 2 - Japan is considering increasing its imports of U.S. soybeans to negotiate trade agreements with the U.S., despite already relying on U.S. soybeans for 65% of its total imports [5][6] - The refusal of the U.S. to issue visas to Chinese diplomats has been criticized by China, highlighting the political tensions and the impact on international relations [6][7] - The U.S. has a high rejection rate of visa applications from the Chinese UN delegation, which has affected China's participation in key discussions [6]

Group 1 - The U.S. Treasury Secretary is engaging with other countries to form agreements aimed at countering China, requiring them to reject the possibility of re-exporting Chinese products and to scrutinize Chinese investments [1] - The Trump administration is reportedly pressuring other nations to limit trade with China in exchange for U.S. tariff exemptions, which has been met with strong opposition from China [3][5] - China has publicly warned that any country sacrificing its interests for U.S. tariff exemptions will face reciprocal measures, emphasizing its determination to protect its rights [5][7] Group 2 - India has recently announced a temporary 12% tariff on certain imported steel products, marking a significant shift in its trade policy amid the ongoing trade tensions initiated by the Trump administration [7] - Historical evidence suggests that countries compromising long-term cooperation for short-term gains will ultimately face backlash, reinforcing the need for fair principles and international coordination [7]

Group 1 - The U.S. government is pressuring other countries to limit trade with China in exchange for tariff exemptions, indicating a strategy of unilateral bullying under the guise of "reciprocity" [1][3] - China has issued a rare public warning against sacrificing its interests for U.S. tariff exemptions, emphasizing its determination to take reciprocal measures if necessary [1][5] - The ongoing trade war has led China to increase tariffs on U.S. imports to 125%, while actively seeking alternative supply chains to mitigate the impact of U.S. tariffs [5][8] Group 2 - The strategy of uniting other countries against China is viewed as misguided, as previous attempts to isolate China have not succeeded, and the current geopolitical landscape may not support such a coalition [3][5] - The potential collapse of global trade due to escalating tariffs could have devastating effects on weaker economies, with the U.S. being held responsible for any resulting chaos [5][8] - There is a call for international solidarity to resist U.S. hegemonic behavior, with warnings that countries cooperating with the U.S. may face severe consequences in the future [8]