Economic Overview - The Chinese economy demonstrated resilience in the first half of the year, achieving a GDP growth rate of 5.3%, laying a solid foundation for the annual target despite external pressures [1] - In Q2, GDP growth was 5.2% year-on-year, aligning with market expectations, while exports showed strong resilience with a 5.9% increase in dollar terms [1][2] - Consumption grew by 5.0% year-on-year, supported by policies like "trade-in for new," although fixed asset investment growth slowed to 2.8% [1][2] Consumption and Investment Trends - In June, retail sales growth slowed to 4.8%, with significant declines in various sectors, indicating a need for stronger internal consumption dynamics [2] - Fixed asset investment growth fell by 0.9 percentage points to 2.8%, with all three pillars (infrastructure, manufacturing, and real estate) experiencing a slowdown [2] - Real estate investment saw a notable decline of 11.2%, reflecting weakened land acquisition intentions among enterprises [2] Price Trends - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose by 0.1% in June, showing slight improvement, while the Producer Price Index (PPI) saw a larger decline of 3.6% [2] - The real estate market's deep adjustment is exerting pressure on PPI, contributing to the overall low price environment [2] Policy Outlook - The government is expected to implement policies focused on expanding domestic demand and addressing low price levels, with significant fiscal space remaining for stimulus [3] - Fiscal policies include a remaining quota of over 7 trillion yuan for various financial instruments, with plans for special funds to be disbursed in the second half of the year [3] - Monetary policy is anticipated to be flexible, with potential interest rate cuts and reserve requirement ratio reductions to support economic restructuring and consumption [3] Anti-Competition Measures - The government is taking steps to combat "involution" in competition, focusing on legal and financial measures to regulate low-price competition and promote industry upgrades [4][5] - Industry self-regulation is being encouraged, with initiatives from various sectors to shift focus from price wars to enhancing product quality and services [5] - The interplay between expanding domestic demand and regulating competition may lead to a shift in policy focus if economic growth challenges exceed expectations [5]

Economic Overview - In the first half of the year, China's GDP reached 66.05 trillion yuan, growing by 5.3% year-on-year, with the first and second industries growing by 3.7% and 5.3% respectively, while the tertiary industry grew by 5.5% [1][5] - The GDP growth rate for the first quarter was 5.4%, while the second quarter saw a slight decline to 5.2%, primarily due to investment drag, especially in real estate [1][3] Consumption Trends - The total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 5% year-on-year in the first half, with a notable impact from the "old-for-new" policy on key items like mobile phones, home appliances, and automobiles [2][5] - Service retail sales grew by 5.3%, driven by holiday consumption and inbound tourism, with significant increases in foreign visitors during the May Day and Dragon Boat Festival holidays [2][5] Export Performance - China's total goods import and export volume reached 21.79 trillion yuan, with exports at 13 trillion yuan, growing by 7.2%, while imports decreased by 2.7% [3][5] - The export growth rate improved in the second quarter, with a notable resilience despite high tariffs imposed by the U.S., and a significant increase in exports to the EU and ASEAN [3][5] Investment Insights - Fixed asset investment grew by 2.8% year-on-year in the first half, with manufacturing, infrastructure, and real estate investments showing a decline compared to the first quarter [4][5] - Real estate investment saw a significant drop of 11.2%, indicating ongoing challenges in the sector [4][5] Policy and Future Outlook - The government is expected to continue implementing policies to stabilize growth, with a focus on expanding domestic demand and addressing the issue of insufficient effective demand [6][7] - The upcoming "old-for-new" consumption policy is anticipated to boost consumer spending in the fourth quarter, although it may raise the baseline for comparison [7][8]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the significant recovery and growth of China's consumer market in the first half of the year, driven by effective policy measures and increased domestic demand [1][2][3] - China's total retail sales of consumer goods reached 24.5458 trillion yuan, marking a year-on-year growth of 5.0%, with a 0.4 percentage point acceleration compared to the first quarter [1] - Domestic demand contributed 68.8% to GDP growth, with final consumption expenditure accounting for 52% of this contribution, indicating that consumption is the main driver of economic growth [1] Group 2 - The "old for new" consumption policy has not only stimulated current consumption but also fostered new concepts such as green and smart consumption, promoting a positive interaction between industrial and consumption upgrades [2] - The Chinese government has been expanding its visa-free "circle" to boost international inbound tourism and consumption, while cities like Beijing and Shanghai are actively developing international consumption centers [2] - New consumer demands are emerging rapidly, with major cities witnessing increased market activity and innovative cultural and sports consumption scenarios being developed in lower-tier cities [2] Group 3 - The consumer market in China is expected to remain active in the second half of the year, supported by ongoing policies aimed at expanding domestic demand and stimulating consumption [3] - There is significant room for existing policies to continue supporting consumption and improving livelihoods, with 138 billion yuan in central funds set to be distributed in the latter half of the year to support the "old for new" consumption initiative [3] - The cumulative effect of the "old for new" policy and other consumption-promoting measures is anticipated to enhance market performance, leading to a potential upward trend in consumer activity [3]

Group 1: Financial Data Overview - In June, new credit increased by 2.24 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 110 billion yuan, with a credit balance growth of 7.1% [1][2] - M2 growth rate rose to 8.3%, while M1 increased to 4.6%, indicating a significant activation of funds [1][7] - The financial data highlights a notable recovery in credit and social financing, reflecting enhanced monetary policy support for the real economy [1][4] Group 2: Consumer and Housing Demand - In June, household credit showed a "slight year-on-year increase and a significant month-on-month rise," indicating a moderate recovery in consumption and housing demand [2][3] - The average interest rate for personal housing loans dropped to 3.1%, easing the monthly payment burden on residents and contributing to a 17% month-on-month increase in housing transactions in 30 major cities [2][3] Group 3: Loan Structure and Trends - The structure of household loans in the first half of the year showed a "long-term dominance and short-term drag" characteristic, with total household loans increasing by 1.17 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 290 billion yuan [3][4] - Short-term loans decreased slightly, while medium- and long-term loans increased significantly, reflecting cautious consumer behavior regarding spending and housing purchases [3][4] Group 4: Deposit Trends - In the first half of the year, RMB deposits increased by 17.94 trillion yuan, with a total balance of 320.17 trillion yuan by the end of June, showing an 8.3% year-on-year growth [6][7] - The structure of deposits has shifted, with a significant increase in the proportion of demand deposits, reaching 83% for households and 95% for enterprises [7][8] Group 5: Policy Outlook - The macroeconomic policy focus for the second half of the year will center on "expanding domestic demand" and "curbing involution," with expectations for further monetary easing [9][10] - Structural monetary policy tools will continue to support key sectors such as technology innovation and consumption, aiming to enhance economic restructuring and transformation [9][10]

Economic Growth - In the first half of 2025, China's GDP grew by 5.3% year-on-year, with final consumption expenditure contributing 52.3% to economic growth, and capital formation contributing 16.8% [1][4] - The net export of goods and services contributed 31.2% to economic growth, indicating strong performance in both domestic demand and foreign trade [1] Consumer Market - The total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 24.55 trillion yuan, growing by 5% year-on-year, with a quarter-on-quarter acceleration of 0.8 percentage points in the second quarter [4] - The consumption market has become more active due to a series of policies aimed at expanding domestic demand and promoting consumption [4][6] Policy Impact - The "National Subsidy" policy, particularly the trade-in subsidy, has played a significant role in driving consumption growth, although concerns exist regarding its sustainability beyond June [5][6] - Experts suggest that to enhance the sustainability of the "National Subsidy" policy, measures should include increasing residents' income and optimizing initial distribution to boost purchasing power [5] Inflation and Price Trends - Despite the positive impact of the "National Subsidy" policy on consumption, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) fell by 0.1% year-on-year in the first half of 2025, indicating low inflation [8] - The decline in CPI is attributed to structural and transitional factors, including adjustments in traditional economic drivers and the impact of food and energy prices [8][9] Future Economic Focus - Experts emphasize that the focus for the second half of the year should remain on expanding domestic demand, stabilizing exports, and fostering technological innovation [11] - Recommendations include implementing more proactive fiscal policies and exploring monetary policy adjustments to further stimulate domestic demand [11][12]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current inflation dynamics in China, emphasizing that inflation is primarily driven by demand factors rather than merely being a monetary phenomenon, as traditionally posited [1][2]. Group 1: Inflation Dynamics - The assertion that "inflation is a monetary phenomenon" is based on the premise that money supply growth must exceed output growth for inflation to occur, which is not the case in China's current economic context where supply exceeds demand [1]. - Experts indicate that the historical context of this assertion stems from the 1960s-70s when developed economies faced labor and energy shortages, leading to demand expansion and subsequent price increases [1]. Group 2: Policy Measures - The Chinese government is focusing on expanding domestic demand and addressing internal competition issues to facilitate economic circulation and promote reasonable price recovery [2][3]. - Recent monetary policies include a package of financial measures aimed at supporting service consumption, such as the establishment of service consumption and elderly re-loan tools, and the implementation of nationwide birth subsidies [2]. Group 3: Supply Optimization - Traditional industries and some emerging sectors have rapidly increased production, contributing to economic growth and employment, but issues like excessive competition and profit margin compression have raised concerns [2]. - New regulations, such as the "Regulations on Payment of Funds to Small and Medium Enterprises," aim to address low-price competition and encourage the orderly exit of outdated production capacity [2].

"对下半年消费，我们仍然充满乐观预期。"盛来运说，消费要持续健康发展必须要提高居民收入水平， 要进一步改善消费环境。中央政策以及相关部门出台的措施都在继续推进，各地还要进一步落实好中央 扩内需政策要求，按照消费提升行动方案部署，进一步"稳就业、促增收"，改善消费环境，增加优质消 费供给，推动消费市场持续健康发展。 (责任编辑：王晨曦) 他强调，中国正处在消费结构升级的关键阶段，人均GDP(国内生产总值)连续两年稳定在1.3万美元以 上。这个阶段正是消费升级的关键时期，文化旅游、医疗健康、养老消费空间广阔。另外，现在城乡差 距还较大，中国消费水平尤其是人均水平，跟一些发达国家相比还有很大差距，差距就是成长的空间。 这也意味着中国未来的消费成长性非常好，市场空间非常广阔。 中国国家统计局副局长盛来运15日在国务院新闻办公室举行的发布会上指出，上半年中国消费市场发展 态势向好。展望后期，消费政策还会继续加力。下半年刺激消费补贴政策已在陆续出台，各地也会继续 出台相关措施促消费。 盛来运指出，今年中国消费市场表现可圈可点，上半年消费对经济增长的贡献率达到52%。同时，上半 年中国消费市场，在一系列扩内需、促消费政策带 ...

Report Industry Investment Ratings No relevant information provided. Core Views - The report is generally cautious about the trend of the bond market, optimistic about the long - term performance of Chinese equity assets, and bullish on the long - term trend of precious metals. It also provides specific trading strategies for various futures products based on their fundamentals and market conditions [6][8][10]. Summary by Category Bonds - The previous trading day saw a full - line decline in bond futures. The macro - economic recovery momentum needs to be strengthened, and the bond yield is at a relatively low level. It is expected that there will be no trend - based market, and investors should remain cautious [5][6][7]. Stock Index Futures - Although the domestic economic recovery momentum is weak, domestic asset valuations are low, and the Chinese economy has sufficient resilience. The report is optimistic about the long - term performance of Chinese equity assets and suggests considering going long on stock index futures [8][9]. Precious Metals - Given the complex global trade and financial environment, the "de - globalization" and "de - dollarization" trends, and central banks' gold - buying behavior, the long - term bull market trend of precious metals is expected to continue. It is recommended to consider going long on gold futures [10][11]. Steel and Iron Products - **Thread and Hot - Rolled Coils**: The expectation of supply contraction has pushed up prices, but the downward trend in the real estate industry and over - capacity limit price rebounds. It is advisable to wait for the rebound to end and then consider short - selling opportunities [12]. - **Iron Ore**: Policy expectations have boosted prices, but the supply - demand pattern has weakened marginally, and the price is highly valued. Investors can focus on low - level buying opportunities [14]. - **Coking Coal and Coke**: The expectation of supply contraction has pushed up prices, but the over - capacity situation remains. Short - term long - positions and mid - term short - positions can be considered [15]. - **Ferroalloys**: The short - term demand has peaked, and the supply is in excess. If the spot losses continue to expand, investors can consider low - level out - of - the - money call options [17][18]. Energy Products - **Crude Oil**: The decline in US active rig counts and summer oil demand support prices, but tariff frictions and price caps on Russia restrict price increases. It is recommended to focus on short - selling opportunities for the main contract [19][20][21]. - **Fuel Oil**: The market has sufficient supply, and trade frictions are negative for prices. The main contract can be considered for short - selling [22][23][24]. Rubber Products - **Synthetic Rubber**: The raw material cost has decreased, and the supply - demand is short - term loose. Wait for the market to stabilize before participating in the rebound [25][26]. - **Natural Rubber**: It is expected to maintain a relatively strong oscillation. Consider mid - term long - positions [27][29]. Chemical Products - **PVC**: The oversupply situation continues, but the downward space is limited, and it may enter a bottom - oscillation stage [30][33]. - **Urea**: The short - term market fluctuates slightly, and it can be treated as bullish in the medium - term [34][35]. - **PX**: The short - term supply - demand balance is tight, but the cost support is insufficient. It is advisable to participate cautiously and pay attention to crude oil price changes [36]. - **PTA**: The short - term supply - demand fundamentals are expected to weaken, and it may oscillate under pressure. Interval trading is recommended [37]. - **Ethylene Glycol**: The short - term supply - demand has weakened, but the low - level inventory provides support. Interval trading is the main strategy [38][39]. - **Short - Fiber**: The short - term fundamentals lack drive, and it may follow cost fluctuations. Be cautious about the repair space of processing margins [40]. - **Bottle Chips**: The raw material price oscillates, and the device maintenance increases. The market is expected to follow the cost oscillation [41][42]. - **Soda Ash**: The long - term oversupply situation is difficult to change, and the downstream demand is weak. The market oscillates with weak stability [43]. - **Glass**: The actual supply - demand contradiction is not prominent. Driven by the energy sector, it is expected to rebound in the short - term [44][45]. - **Caustic Soda**: The overall supply - demand is relatively loose, with obvious regional differences. The short - term price may oscillate strongly, but the overall positive support is limited [46][47][49]. - **Paper Pulp**: The supply has an expansion tendency, and the demand is weak. The pulp price is expected to oscillate [50][51]. Non - Ferrous Metals - **Copper**: The US tariff increase on copper has led to price fluctuations, and the short - term trend is uncertain [54]. - **Tin**: The supply is tight, and the demand is good. The price is expected to oscillate strongly [55]. - **Nickel**: The consumption expectation is improving, but the actual consumption is not optimistic. The price is expected to oscillate [56]. Agricultural Products - **Soybean Oil and Soybean Meal**: The domestic soybean supply is abundant, and the cost provides support. Consider long - positions for soybean meal after adjustment and call options for soybean oil after a decline [57][58]. - **Palm Oil**: The Malaysian palm oil inventory is higher than expected, and the domestic inventory is accumulating. Consider widening the spread between rapeseed oil and palm oil [59][60]. - **Rapeseed Meal and Rapeseed Oil**: The Canadian crop weather has improved, and the price rebound is limited. Consider long - positions on the oil - meal ratio [61][62]. - **Cotton**: The global supply - demand is expected to be loose, and the July supply - demand report is negative. It is recommended to short at high prices [63][64][65]. - **Sugar**: The Brazilian production increase expectation has been adjusted downward, and the domestic supply - demand contradiction is not sharp. It is advisable to wait and see [66][67]. - **Apples**: The production reduction expectation has been falsified, and it is recommended to short at high prices [69][70]. - **Pigs**: The short - term price may be stable with a narrow adjustment, and it is advisable to short at high prices after observing the weight - reduction in the south [71][72][73]. - **Eggs**: The supply is expected to increase in July, and it is recommended to hold short - positions [75][76][77]. - **Corn and Starch**: The domestic corn supply - demand is approaching balance, and the starch market follows the corn trend. It is advisable to wait and see [78][79][80]. - **Logs**: It is expected to oscillate and adjust before the first delivery [82][83].

Group 1 - The overall price level in China remains low, primarily due to supply-demand imbalances in the domestic economy, with experts emphasizing that inflation is fundamentally driven by economic supply and demand factors rather than merely monetary phenomena [1] - The historical context of the view that "inflation is a monetary phenomenon" is based on conditions where the growth rate of money supply consistently exceeds that of output, which is not the case in China's current economic landscape [1] - China's macroeconomic policies have shifted from promoting investment to ensuring supply, leading to a situation of oversupply, with the main constraint on prices being insufficient demand [1] Group 2 - Expanding domestic demand and addressing internal competition are expected to facilitate economic circulation and promote a reasonable recovery in prices [2] - The People's Bank of China has implemented a series of financial policies to support service consumption, reflecting the central government's commitment to boosting consumption and expanding domestic demand [2] - Recent measures to optimize supply include the implementation of regulations to address low-price competition and the orderly exit of outdated production capacity, which are anticipated to create a more rational competitive environment and positively impact price recovery [2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes that the current economic situation in China is characterized by insufficient demand rather than supply shortages, which is different from the historical context of inflation being viewed as a monetary phenomenon [1][2] - Experts suggest that expanding domestic demand and addressing internal competition issues are expected to facilitate economic circulation and promote a reasonable recovery in prices [1][2] Group 2 - From the perspective of expanding domestic demand, the central bank has maintained significant support through various financial policies, including the introduction of tools for service consumption and elderly care refinancing [2] - The implementation of policies aimed at optimizing supply, such as the "Regulations on Payment of Funds to Small and Medium Enterprises," is expected to address issues of low-price disorderly competition and promote the orderly exit of backward production capacity [2] - The anticipated improvement in social security levels, including healthcare and education, is expected to enhance residents' consumption capacity and willingness, contributing to economic recovery [2]