Core Viewpoint - The visit of the Kenyan United Democratic Alliance Secretary-General Omar to China highlights the interest in learning from China's poverty alleviation strategies and governance practices, particularly through the lens of Xi Jinping's book "Escaping Poverty" [1][5]. Group 1: Key Insights from the Visit - Omar expressed a desire to obtain an English version of Xi Jinping's book "Escaping Poverty" to better understand China's poverty alleviation efforts [1]. - The visit included a comprehensive exchange of experiences between the Kenyan delegation and Chinese officials, focusing on governance and party-building practices [3][5]. - The delegation comprised 16 members from various functional departments of the United Democratic Alliance, indicating a broad interest in learning from China's political and governance models [3]. Group 2: Observations on Governance and Discipline - Members of the Kenyan delegation noted the strong discipline within the Chinese Communist Party, which they believe is crucial for the development of their own party [5]. - The delegation showed interest in the training experiences of the Chinese Communist Party, with hopes of establishing a similar party school in Kenya [5]. - Omar remarked on the vitality of China under Xi Jinping's leadership, emphasizing the importance of visionary leadership and governance for the people [5][6].

我明确给了大家一则箴言：保持定力，坚守能力圈，放眼长期。什么意思呢？就是希望大家不要在这种 行情中迷失了自我，忘记了自己的初心。这是非常可悲的。 换算过来，就是不要频繁交易，这山望着那山高。否则，你铁定挨打，而且受伤程度还不轻。 上周，因为贸易摩擦等因素的影响，A股出现了大落小起的走势，很多人倒霉，也有人开心。 上周二、三慢慢进场之后，我的内心十分平静，并且告诉大家，耐心等待种子变大即可，不要慌里慌张 的。 连续几天都是笑哈哈！ 板块上： 第一：内循环板块持续上涨 今天打开软件，整车、家具、零售、自贸区等内循环板块持续上攻，对于国际贸易摩擦开始免疫了。 指数虽然大涨，但银行、证券涨了个寂寞，尤其是证券，明明是风向标板块，却搞成了反面教材。 人只有坚守自己的能力圈，赚自己看得懂的钱才能够持久。但上周的大幅波动，对于绝大多数散户来 说，就是致命的诱惑。 倘若你无法坚守自己的能力圈，那么被揍只是早晚的事情。 周末多个巨头也发布了协助外贸企业转内销的重大利好消息，助力经济转型。这都是前所有为的动作， 也是对经济的利好。 不过，我认为本质还是提高大家的收入，让大家有足够的实力消费。 第二：银行证券不是很给力 最后再重复 ...

Group 1 - The domestic housing market has entered a long-term adjustment trend since 2022, with average housing prices expected to drop by 30% by March 2025, affecting both second and first-tier cities [1] - The real estate market is experiencing sluggish sales, with a total unsold residential area reaching 7.5 trillion square meters, indicating significant inventory pressure across various regions [1] Group 2 - Since 2024, the government has implemented several policies to stimulate the housing market, including lifting purchase restrictions in most cities, increasing public housing loan limits, and reducing mortgage rates from over 4% to below 3% [3] - Tax incentives have also been introduced, such as reductions in deed tax and value-added tax, to encourage home purchases [3] Group 3 - The necessity to rescue the housing market stems from its impact on 56 related industries, including construction and furniture, which are crucial for local GDP growth [5] - The real estate sector provides significant employment, with over 13 million employees in real estate companies and millions more in related industries, highlighting the potential job market pressures if the sector fails [5] Group 4 - The real estate market is vital for local government finances, with land transfer fees accounting for 50% of local fiscal revenue and real estate-related taxes making up 35% [7] - A prolonged downturn in the housing market could severely reduce these revenues, affecting government operations, including civil servant salaries and infrastructure projects [7] Group 5 - The fiscal burden on the government includes approximately 80 million people reliant on public funds, with a projected annual salary expenditure of 8 trillion yuan, of which 5 trillion yuan is linked to the real estate sector [9] - Failure to stabilize the housing market could lead to significant salary payment gaps for these public sector employees, emphasizing the urgency of market intervention [9] Group 6 - The ultimate goal of the housing market rescue is not merely to influence price fluctuations but to stabilize prices in the short term, allowing for a transition towards a more diversified economy focused on high-end manufacturing and technology [12] - As part of the recovery efforts, local governments are expected to gradually introduce property taxes to create new revenue streams amid declining land transfer fees [12]

――宏观经济周报 分析师：周喜 SAC NO：S1150511010017 2025 年 4 月 11 日 证券分析师 周喜[Table_IndInvest] 022-28451972 zhouxi@bhzq.com 宏观经济分析报告 5 波动加剧更看政策耐心 宋亦威 [Table_IndInvest] SAC NO：S1150514080001 022-23861608 songyw@bhzq.com 严佩佩 SAC NO：S1150520110001 022-23839070 yanpp@bhzq.com 研究助理 靳沛[Table_I 芃 ndInvest] SAC NO：S1150124030005 022-23839160 jinpp@bhzq.com 风险提示：1.地缘政治风险：全球经贸局势不确定性抬升，或对市场风险 偏好形成扰动。2.经济和政策变化超预期：近来海外经济波动加剧，国内 经济正处于转型阶段，基本面超预期变动易引起相关政策调整。 请务必阅读正文之后的声明 渤海证券股份有限公司具备证券投资咨询业务资格 1 of 7 证 券 研 究 报 宏 观 研 究 告 宏 观 周 报 就外围环境而言， ...

特朗普的第一个任期，于2018年4月初根据301调查结果对中国发出了加征进口关税的威胁。此后，中美 关税摩擦交错升级，美国于2018年7月6日、8月23日、9月24日和2019年9月1日分四批对累计约3700亿美 元中国进口商品加征了10%~25%的关税。 特朗普1.0关税在2018年引发了"抢出口效应"。据中方统计，当年，中国出口（美元口径，下同）增长 9.9%，增速较上年加快2.0个百分点。其中，对美国出口增长10.8%，较出口平均增速高出0.9个百分 点。同期，由于中国进口增长15.8%，快于出口增速，进出口顺差减少16.4%，其中对美贸易顺差增长 16.7%。 文/ 中银证券全球首席经济学家 管涛 从2019年的经验看，关税冲击不一定表现为中国整体贸易顺差下降，而 是在顺差可能扩大的情况下，通过出口和进口两个渠道影响或反映中国经 济运行。我们需早做准备，并变压力为动力，加快经济转型和政策调整。 现在外部环境更趋复杂严峻，将倒逼中国加快推进相关改革与调整：一是 加快构建新发展格局；二是转变外贸发展方式；三是强化宏观政策的民生 导向，将外部打压遏制的压力转变成集中精力做好自己事情的动力。 美国政府换届一个 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of boosting consumption in China as a response to external pressures such as the U.S. tariff war, positioning it as a key strategy for economic transformation and sustainable growth [9][30][31]. Group 1: U.S. Tariff War and China's Response - The U.S. has implemented a significant tariff policy, imposing a 34% tariff on Chinese goods, leading to a total of 54% when combined with previous rates, which is expected to decrease global trade volume by 5% and negatively impact U.S. economic growth by 0.8% [11][12]. - In response, China has announced countermeasures, including additional tariffs on U.S. imports, while emphasizing the need to maintain its legitimate rights and promote high-level opening-up [12][30]. Group 2: Importance of Consumption in China's Economy - Consumption is identified as the starting and ending point of economic circulation, with current issues stemming from insufficient consumer spending, which is low in GDP contribution [15][30]. - The Chinese government has prioritized boosting consumption as a core economic task, aiming to stimulate domestic demand and transition from an investment-driven to a consumption-driven economy [14][16]. Group 3: Strategies to Counteract Tariff Impacts - A proposed strategy includes issuing over 1 trillion yuan in universal consumption vouchers and significantly lowering interest rates to stimulate consumer spending and improve living standards [18][19]. - The issuance of consumption vouchers is highlighted as an effective short-term measure to directly increase disposable income and stimulate demand, with a multiplier effect greater than traditional infrastructure investments [18][30]. Group 4: Long-term Economic Transformation - The article outlines several long-term strategies for economic transformation, including shifting fiscal policy from infrastructure investment to social welfare support, innovating monetary policy to promote consumption, and reforming income distribution to enhance disposable income [23][24][25]. - It stresses the need for structural changes in the economy to create new demand and support the growth of the private sector, which is crucial for driving consumption [26][27]. Group 5: Consumption Prosperity Plan - The proposed consumption prosperity plan should amount to 10-15% of GDP, translating to a scale of 10-15 trillion yuan over three years, aimed at stimulating economic activity without specifying usage [28][30]. - Improving social security for low-income groups is essential to enhance their consumption propensity, thereby contributing to overall economic growth [29][30].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the divergence in industrial production, weak construction activity, and a significant increase in real estate transactions, indicating mixed signals in the economy [1][2]. Industrial Production - Industrial production shows a mixed performance, with downstream operations recovering while midstream and upstream sectors experience slight declines. For instance, the operating rate of automotive semi-steel tires increased by 2.7% year-on-year, while PTA and soda ash saw declines of 0.5% and 5.7% respectively [1][5]. - High furnace operating rates have slightly improved, up 2.6% year-on-year, but overall consumption remains weak, down 6.6% compared to last year [4]. Construction Industry - The construction sector remains weak, with national grinding operating rates and cement shipment rates down 6.6% and up 3.8% year-on-year, respectively. The asphalt operating rate is also at historical lows, down 2.5% [6][7]. Real Estate Transactions - National new home transactions have significantly declined, down 66.6% year-on-year, with second and third-tier cities also experiencing negative growth of 24.9% and 12.2% respectively. However, first-tier cities still show positive growth, albeit down 61.4% to 3.5% [2][9]. Transportation and Demand - There is a mild recovery in freight transportation, with railway and highway freight volumes increasing by 0.9% and 1.3% year-on-year, respectively. However, port cargo throughput has weakened, down 2.2% [10]. - Human mobility has decreased, with a 11.4% drop in migration scale index and a decline in domestic and international flight operations [11]. Price Trends - Agricultural product prices have generally declined, with vegetable, pork, and fruit prices down 1.7%, 0.9%, and 0.6% respectively. Conversely, egg prices have increased by 0.7% [14]. - The South China Industrial Price Index has continued to decline, with energy and chemical prices dropping by 2.2% and metal prices by 0.7% [15].

推荐阅读 究竟什么制约了企业部门的预期和动力？ 导读 有人总是归咎于信心不足，认为不断提及各种问题只会削弱大家的信心，进而加剧问 题的恶性循环。然而却未曾思考，若不能描述问题，准确提出问题，讨论问题，让所有人 埋头，最终只会形成信息茧房，导致更为严重的偏差，这将对投资决策和整体决策产生巨 大的负面影响。 ---付鹏 东北证券首席经济学家 续（上）篇 （数据来源：路孚Eikon） 这种螺旋式的反馈机制，不仅直观展现了 市场需求疲软对供给端的深刻影响 ，更深层次地揭示了企业在经济新常态下所面临的生存挑 战。企业利润预期的低迷，不仅是财务报表上冰冷的数字，更是企业信心缺失、投资意愿减弱的直观反映。 有观点提出，面对利润低下的现状，企业应加大投资力度，追求技术进步与创新，以此提升企业的科技含量和竞争优势。然而，这种 看似理所当然的建议，实则忽略了当前企业经营的复杂性和现实性，未能深入洞察企业运营的实际困境。就像我以前提到的一样， 从国家 主义角度 技术进步和生产力提高 确实关乎到 中 国经济转型的关键，但是它 是需要时间的，长期方向没错，但同时不能忽略企业部门当 前面临着问题和挑战，长期解决方案和短期矛盾之间就错配了 ...