Core Points - The Federal Reserve has decided to end its quantitative tightening (QT) strategy, which involves reducing its balance sheet [1][2] - The conclusion of QT will take effect on December 1, with a commitment to support maximum employment and achieve a 2% inflation target [2] Summary by Sections - **Quantitative Tightening Details** - The Fed has been allowing assets to mature since June 2022, reversing the significant increase in its balance sheet during the COVID-19 pandemic [2] - Monthly, the Fed has permitted up to $5 billion in Treasuries and up to $35 billion in mortgage-backed securities to mature without reinvestment [2] - Over the recent months, the Fed has allowed more than $2 trillion in bonds to mature, effectively pulling money out of the financial system [2]

最近后台好多朋友找我，说打开行情软件一看黄金绿油油的，心里直打鼓：这是之前的牛市要塌了，还是人家故意"倒车"给咱上车机会啊？其实咱不用慌， 今天帮主就借着美银证券那篇研报，跟大伙唠唠历史上黄金牛市都是怎么收场的，看完你就明白现在该咋判断了。 这里帮主得跟大伙亮个观点：美银说的一个判断特别关键——只要美国没改成"正统的经济政策"，没回到那种保守的财政路子上，或者美联储没真的转 成"鹰派"（就是使劲加息），那支撑黄金价格的"底子"就还在。 所以落到咱们投资者身上，策略就很明确了：别盯着短期那点涨跌慌神。要是这会儿金价短期往下调，那更可能是个"战略性买入机会"，不是说牛市彻底反 转了。毕竟做投资这么多年，我一直跟大伙说"看长线、抓核心"，黄金这事儿，核心逻辑没破，短期的波动反而可能是给咱捡筹码的机会。 你要是手里还拿着黄金，或者正琢磨要不要入手，也不用纠结，记住咱今天唠的这几条——看美国政策会不会变、看美联储会不会转鹰，顺着这俩方向盯， 心里就有谱了。 咱先回溯过去这百年，黄金一共经历过5次比较大的牛市，每回结束的原因都挺有代表性。最早1970年那波，是石油危机闹的，地缘政治一紧张，大家都抱 着黄金避险，可后来局势 ...

Core Insights - The Federal Reserve is signaling a potential early end to its quantitative tightening (QT) policy, with Chairman Powell indicating that the reduction of the balance sheet may stop when reserves are slightly above what is deemed sufficient [1][2] - Analysts suggest a clear policy roadmap: interest rate cuts are currently happening, followed by the cessation of QT, and potentially a new round of quantitative easing (QE) starting in early 2026 [1][2] Economic Pressures - The U.S. job market is showing signs of distress, with companies announcing 946,426 layoffs this year, a 55% increase compared to the same period in 2024, marking the highest level since 2020 [2] - The housing market is under significant pressure, with searches for "mortgage assistance" reaching their highest level since the 2008 financial crisis, and current mortgage rates at approximately 6.3%, more than double the 3% rates locked in by many homeowners during 2020-2021 [2] Balance Sheet Status - The Federal Reserve's balance sheet remains far from normal levels, currently at $6.6 trillion, down only $2.2 trillion since the start of QT in June 2022, which is only a 27% reduction from pre-pandemic levels of about $4 trillion [3][6] - Powell's comments suggest a new "normal" for the balance sheet, which is 60% higher than pre-pandemic levels, indicating a shift in expectations for future monetary policy [6] QE Implications - The potential restart of QE from a high balance sheet level of $6.6 trillion, rather than a more normalized $4 trillion, could lead to double-digit inflation, as the system is still saturated with liquidity from the pandemic [7] - Investors may need to prepare for high inflation and new asset price volatility as the Fed's monetary expansion resumes [7]

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve is set to conclude its quantitative tightening program, marking the end of large-scale financial market interventions initiated in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Fed aims for the market to operate independently while returning to traditional interest rate tools to stimulate or cool the economy [5][6]. Summary by Sections Quantitative Easing and Tightening - To counter the economic impact of the pandemic, the Federal Reserve implemented quantitative easing, purchasing trillions of dollars in securities to maintain low long-term interest rates, which expanded its balance sheet to nearly $9 trillion. Since 2022, the Fed has reversed these measures through quantitative tightening, reducing its balance sheet by $2.2 trillion [6]. Bank Reserves and Economic Signals - The Fed intends to reduce bank reserves from "ample" to "adequate," but determining the end point for quantitative tightening remains challenging. Currently, bank reserves account for about 10% of nominal GDP. The Fed is cautious to avoid a repeat of the 2007-2009 financial crisis, where a significant drop in bank reserves led to market volatility [7]. Market Reactions and Future Expectations - Experts suggest that the end of quantitative tightening may be interpreted by the market as a sign of the Fed's intention to boost the economy. Some traders might view this as another economic stimulus measure [7][8]. Concerns Over Liquidity - There are warnings that the current state of the money market indicates the Fed may be repeating past mistakes of excessive liquidity withdrawal. Some analysts argue that the Fed has allowed too much reserve to dissipate and should resume purchasing Treasury securities to replenish market liquidity [8]. Future Monetary Policy - The Fed has indicated that it does not currently see the need to increase its securities purchases, with predictions that it will not expand its balance sheet before the end of 2026. However, it will monitor year-end financing costs closely to respond to market pressures if necessary [8][9]. Caution in Future Interventions - The Fed's experience with previous rounds of bond purchases has made it more cautious about using quantitative easing as a monetary policy tool. Critics argue that such interventions leave a significant footprint in financial markets. The Fed is unlikely to face a situation requiring a return to quantitative easing in the foreseeable future, as current economic conditions are more likely to present inflationary pressures rather than deflationary ones [9].

Core Points - The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is expected to conclude its meeting on October 29, 2025, with a press conference by Chairman Powell at 2:30 PM ET [1] - Traders and economists are highly confident that the Federal Reserve will lower interest rates to a range of 3.75-4.00%, with a 98% probability of a 25 basis point cut [1][3] - The focus will shift to the Fed's monetary policy statement and Powell's press conference to gauge potential market changes following the expected rate cut [3] Interest Rate Expectations - The market anticipates a gradual decline in U.S. interest rates, with a 95% confidence level for another 25 basis point cut in December [3] - The FOMC's path for the remainder of the year appears set unless unexpected circumstances arise [3] - The expected rate cut may not significantly support the economy due to challenges from immigration and AI replacing human labor [3][4] Quantitative Tightening (QT) - A key point of interest in the upcoming FOMC meeting is whether the Fed will announce an end to its QT program, which involves allowing certain debt holdings to mature and reducing the balance sheet [5] - Ending QT could be perceived as a stimulus to the economy, potentially boosting risk-sensitive assets like equities and high-yield currencies while negatively impacting bonds and the dollar [6] Economic Commentary - Fed officials express caution regarding further rate cuts, indicating limited space for additional easing unless there is a deliberate shift towards inappropriate loosening [8] - Concerns about inflation and inflation expectations are highlighted by various Fed officials, suggesting a careful approach to policy adjustments [8] Currency Market Analysis - The USD/JPY currency pair is seen as a pure reflection of U.S. economic trends, with recent price action indicating a potential downward movement towards the 150.00 support level [9] - Any unexpected actions from the FOMC or the Bank of Japan could invalidate current technical strategies [9]

Core Viewpoint - The bond market is experiencing significant volatility, with a notable divergence between interest rate bonds and credit bonds, driven by recent central bank actions and market sentiment [3][5][10]. Group 1: Market Reactions - A pure bond fund heavily invested in 30-year government bonds is projected to face a loss of 53-81 basis points, a stark contrast to typical daily fluctuations [1]. - The 10-year government bond yield saw a slight recovery of 1 basis point after a drop, but overall, it has decreased by 3 basis points over two days, raising questions about the market's optimistic sentiment despite some pullback [3][5]. - The central bank's announcement on October 27 to restart government bond trading has altered market dynamics significantly, likened to turning on a water faucet for a thirsty person [3][7]. Group 2: Institutional Divergence - There is a clear divide in institutional strategies, with fund companies favoring long-duration interest rate bonds while banks and insurance firms focus on credit bonds for yield [9][15]. - The bond market has seen a substantial increase in trading volume, with both interest rate and credit bonds experiencing a rise in transaction numbers, indicating a flow of capital into the bond market [9][17]. Group 3: Central Bank Operations - The central bank's dual approach of restarting government bond trading and conducting a 900 billion yuan MLF operation is reminiscent of quantitative easing strategies used by foreign central banks [7][10]. - Market participants are closely monitoring the central bank's actions, with a strong expectation of continued monetary easing reflected in the performance of long-duration interest rate bonds [10][15]. Group 4: Market Sentiment and Liquidity - The bond market's volatility has decreased post-lunch, transitioning from excitement to a more rational outlook, with discussions around potential pricing distortions due to ongoing central bank purchases [12][15]. - There is a noticeable liquidity stratification in the bond market, where large institutions can access funds easily, while smaller non-bank entities face higher financing costs, creating a structural imbalance [15].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Report's Core View - The Fed's rate cuts can be divided into preventive and relief (recessionary) rate cuts, with different policy triggering backgrounds and implementation goals [1][5]. - The Fed's preventive rate cut in September 2025 may have limited impact on China's bond market, as China's monetary policy emphasizes "independence" and focuses more on internal balance [1][88][89]. - In the fourth quarter, the economic downward pressure may increase, and the possibility of using policy tools such as RRR cuts and interest rate cuts in the future rises. Currently, the bond market has prominent allocation value, and bond yields may decline oscillating [2][90]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Types of Fed Rate Cuts - Preventive rate cuts are usually initiated when the economy shows signs of slowing but has not yet entered a recession, aiming to balance employment and inflation risks through small - scale and gradual interest rate adjustments, such as in 1995, 1998, 2019, 2024, and 2025 [1][5][79]. - Relief rate cuts often occur when the economy has fallen into a deep recession or faces a systemic crisis, characterized by large - scale and rapid interest rate cuts to stabilize the financial market, such as in 2001 - 2003, 2007 - 2008, and 2020 [1][5]. 2. Four Fed Rate - Cut Cycles Since 2000 2.1. 2001 - 2003 Relief Rate Cut - **Background and measures**: Triggered by the burst of the Internet bubble, the 9/11 terrorist attack, and corporate financial scandals. The Fed cut rates by 550 basis points from 6.5% to 1.0% [10]. - **US economic indicators**: GDP growth was sluggish, unemployment rate rose, core PCE inflation rate declined, and corporate investment was severely hit [13]. - **Impact on China's bond market**: China's central bank cut rates in 2002. The 1 - year and 10 - year Treasury yields showed different trends, reflecting the reduced sensitivity of the bond market to monetary easing when the domestic economy rebounded [19]. 2.2. 2007 - 2008 Relief Rate Cut - **Time, amplitude, and measures**: From September 2007 to December 2008, the Fed cut rates by 500 basis points to 0% - 0.25% and launched three rounds of QE [25][28]. - **Characteristics**: Fast - paced, large - amplitude, innovative policy tools, and multiple goals [29]. - **Impact on China's bond market**: The Sino - US yield spread narrowed and then fluctuated. There were changes in capital flows, with short - term international capital flowing in and out at different times [30][33][36]. 2.3. 2019 - 2020 Preventive + Relief Rate Cut - **Preventive rate cut (2019.7 - 2019.10)**: Against the background of global economic slowdown and Sino - US trade frictions, the Fed cut rates three times by 25 basis points each time. The US economy showed some recovery, and the bond market fluctuated. In China, the bond market was stable, and foreign capital increased holdings of RMB bonds [40][41][51]. - **Relief rate cut (2020.3)**: Due to the global public health event, the Fed cut rates to 0% - 0.25% and implemented unlimited QE. China also increased the easing intensity, and the bond yield declined and then rebounded [46][47][58]. 2.4. 2024 H2 Preventive Rate Cut - **Background, time, amplitude, and impact**: The Fed cut rates by 100 basis points in the second half of 2024, with a "fast - then - stable" feature. It aimed to avoid a hard landing of the economy. China's bond yields declined, and foreign capital increased holdings of Chinese bonds [60][66][67]. 3. Characteristics of the Preventive Rate Cut in 2025 - **Trigger paths**: Driven by the pressure of national debt scale and debt cost, and the marginal deterioration of the employment market [71][76]. - **Market pricing and yield trends**: The market had partially priced in the rate cut before it happened. After the rate cut in September 2025, the US Treasury yields first declined and then rose [79][80][82]. 4. Impact of the Fed's Rate - Cut Cycle on China's Bond Market - **Short - term impact**: The Fed's rate - cut expectation may attract foreign capital to flow into China's bond market through spread repair and open up space for domestic monetary policy [1][84]. - **Long - term impact**: China's bond market trend may depend more on domestic factors, including economic fundamentals and policy coordination. The influence of the Fed's policy on China's monetary policy may be weakening [87][88]. 5. Economic Situation and Bond Market Outlook in the Fourth Quarter - **Economic situation**: The economic growth in Q3 slowed down compared with Q1 and Q2. Consumption and exports may face pressure, and the external environment is also unstable, increasing the possibility of using policy tools [2][90]. - **Bond market outlook**: The bond market has prominent allocation value, and bond yields may decline oscillating. The 10 - year Treasury yield is expected to fluctuate between 1.60% - 1.80% [2][90].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) is set to resume open market operations for government bonds, indicating a positive outlook for the bond market and a focus on liquidity management [1][4][5]. Group 1: Market Operations - The PBOC's bond trading is primarily aimed at liquidity adjustment and serves as a supplementary tool for open market operations, which are designed to regulate the total amount of base currency [3][6]. - The resumption of government bond trading is seen as a crucial step in enhancing the financial functions of government bonds and improving the pricing capabilities of financial institutions [4][5]. Group 2: Economic Implications - The increase in government bond issuance this year, coupled with the resumption of bond trading, is expected to stabilize bond market interest rates and enhance long-term liquidity supply [5][9]. - Analysts predict that the 10-year government bond yield may decline to around 1.6% amid a lack of large-scale consumption stimulus measures [8]. Group 3: Legal and Structural Context - The legal framework allows the PBOC to buy and sell government bonds in the secondary market, which is distinct from direct purchases in the primary market [6][7]. - The PBOC's bond trading is fundamentally different from quantitative easing (QE) practices in developed economies, as it is not a response to exhausted conventional monetary policy tools [7].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core View of the Report - Last week, oil prices were strong, erasing all losses since October due to US sanctions on Russia. In the current market, US sanctions on Russia have reduced expectations of a broader supply, but the upcoming OPEC+ ministerial meeting in early November may lead to increased production, and US oil storage plans may also increase supply, which could suppress oil prices. Financially, the market expects interest rate cuts after the release of US September CPI data, which may relieve macro - economic pressure. Politically, the change in US policy towards Russia may boost oil prices in the short - term, but its long - term impact is uncertain. Overall, oil prices may have limited upside in the short - term and be under pressure in the long - term [13][73]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Operation Ideas - Last week, oil prices rose due to sanctions on Russia, erasing losses since October. This week, oil prices may remain strong, but with limited upside due to the upcoming OPEC+ meeting and US oil storage plans. It is recommended to focus on the price range of 450 - 495 yuan/barrel, make short - term long positions cautiously, and take short positions on rallies in the long - term [13]. 3.2 Market Review - Last week, the US sanctioned two Russian oil companies, reducing market expectations of a broader supply and causing oil prices to rise. The deterioration of US - Russia relations may also prevent an effective cease - fire in the Russia - Ukraine conflict in the short - term, which also contributed to the rise in oil prices [20]. 3.3 Fundamental Analysis 3.3.1 Macro - economic Factors - **Inflation Data**: In September, US inflation data was lower than expected. The unadjusted CPI annual rate was 3%, and the core CPI also showed a downward trend, which boosted market confidence and increased expectations of interest rate cuts [24]. - **Interest Rate Expectations**: The release of inflation data increased market expectations of interest rate cuts in the remaining two FOMC meetings this year and next year [24]. - **Labor Market**: The suspension of ADP providing employment data to the Fed may increase concerns about the US labor market [32]. - **Geopolitical Tensions**: The cancellation of the planned US - Russia meeting and new sanctions on Russian oil exports, as well as US military actions near Venezuela, may lead to higher oil prices due to geopolitical risks [37]. 3.3.2 Supply Factors - **OPEC+ Production**: OPEC+ countries generally increased production in September, with Saudi Arabia having the largest increase of 248 thousand barrels per day [41]. - **US Sanctions**: US sanctions on Russia may affect oil supply. - **Other Producers**: Iran and Iraq also increased production, while the US had a small production cut [46][49]. 3.3.3 Demand Factors - **Weak Consumption**: Consumption performance remained weak, and the manufacturing PMIs of the US and China did not improve [52][56]. - **Slowing Refining**: The production of refined oil products continued to slow down [62]. 3.3.4 Inventory Factors - **Crude Oil Inventory**: US crude oil inventories unexpectedly decreased in the week ending October 22, which supported oil prices [63]. - **Refined Oil Inventory**: US refined oil inventories decreased, but due to low refinery utilization and the off - season of consumption, it was difficult to boost oil prices [67]. 3.4 Viewpoint Summary - In the short - term, oil prices may have some upside due to the deterioration of US - Russia relations, but considering the OPEC+ meeting and US oil storage needs, the upside is limited, and oil prices are under pressure in the long - term [73].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that gold is undergoing a repricing process, influenced by various economic factors including the rise of the US dollar and geopolitical stability [1][2][3] - Gold prices have seen a significant increase of 57% this year, making it the best-performing asset class, driven by increased allocations from central banks, funds, and consumers as a hedge against risks [2][4] - The recent sharp decline in gold prices, with a drop of nearly 300 points, is attributed to market panic and a technical correction after a substantial rise of over 1000 points in six weeks [2][3] Group 2 - The article discusses the implications of Japan's new Prime Minister, Kishi Sanae, on the economy, highlighting her reliance on the support of the Liberal Democratic Party and the need to navigate political challenges [5][6] - Kishi's economic policies are expected to focus on fiscal expansion and maintaining a weak yen, which is seen as a pillar of her economic strategy [6][7] - The upcoming meetings between US and Chinese leaders, along with the Federal Reserve's anticipated interest rate cut, are key events to watch, as they may influence global economic conditions [7]