FICC日报 | 2025-10-21 中美关系风险缓释，股指反弹 市场分析 中美将谈判。宏观方面，二十届四中全会10月20日上午在北京开始举行，中央委员会总书记习近平代表中央政治 局向全会作工作报告，并就《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议（讨论稿）》向全会 作了说明。经济数据方面，国家统计局发布数据，前三季度我国GDP同比增长5.2%，其中，一季度增长5.4%，二 季度增长5.2%，三季度增长4.8%。9月份，规模以上工业增加值同比增长6.5%，社会消费品零售总额增长3%。前 三季度，全国固定资产投资同比下降0.5%，扣除房地产开发投资后增长3%；居民人均可支配收入32509元，扣除 价格因素实际增长5.2%。中美关系方面，特朗普表示，美方将稀土、芬太尼和大豆列为将对中方提出的三大问题。 指数收红。现货市场，A股三大指数冲高回落，沪指涨0.63%收于3863.89点，创业板指涨1.98%。行业方面，板块 指数涨多跌少，通信、煤炭、电力设备、机械设备行业领涨，有色金属、农林牧渔、美容护理行业跌幅居前。当 日沪深两市成交金额降至1.7万亿元。海外方面，美国三大股指全线收涨，纳指涨1.37 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - The investment view is "oscillating", specifically "oscillating weakly" [3] 2. Core View of the Report - The EC of the container shipping index shows a pattern of near - term strength and long - term weakness due to factors such as the Gaza peace talks and the deterioration of Sino - US relations. The spot freight rate has a mixed impact, with price increases planned but also uncertainties. Political and economic factors are complex, including the progress of the Gaza cease - fire agreement, potential tariff adjustments, and diplomatic meetings. The supply of shipping capacity is neutral, with changes in weekly average capacity deployment in different months and overall loading rates lower than in previous years. The demand is also neutral, with a differentiation in loading rates among shipping alliances. The first round of price support in late October has initially stopped the decline, and the market has entered the second round in early November, with more price - support attempts in the next two months. However, future trends still depend on changes in Sino - US relations, end - of - month loading conditions, and the situation of empty sailings in November [3] 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Main Views and Strategy Overview - **Influencing Factors and Their Impacts** - **Spot Freight Rate**: It has both positive and negative impacts. In late October, the overall price increase was expected to be between 1800 - 2000, but finally landed at 1500 - 1800, and the price increase notice for November is around 2500 [3] - **Political and Economic Factors**: There are many uncertainties. For example, the implementation of the Gaza cease - fire agreement has core issues to be resolved, Egypt has suffered shipping losses due to Houthi attacks, the US may adjust tariffs, and there are diplomatic meetings to prevent the escalation of the Sino - US tariff war [3] - **Shipping Capacity Supply**: It is neutral. The weekly average capacity deployment in September was 305,000, 250,000 in October, 280,000 in November, and 290,000 in December. The overall loading rate is lower than in previous years [3] - **Demand**: It is neutral. There is a differentiation in loading rates among alliances. PA + MSC has a relatively low loading rate and a higher probability of price cuts, while GEMINI's loading rate is gradually increasing at low prices [3] - **Investment View**: Oscillating weakly [3] - **Trading Strategy**: For unilateral trading, it is oscillating; for arbitrage, it is on hold. Risks to focus on include geopolitical disturbances and domestic and foreign macro - policy disturbances [3] 3.2 Price - **Spot Market**: There are data charts showing the trends of European line index, US West line index, US East line index, and Mediterranean line index, as well as the spot quotes of Maersk's European line [6][7][8][9][11] 3.3 Static Shipping Capacity - **Order Volume**: There are data charts showing the order volume and new - order volume of container ships with different loading capacities over the years [14] - **Delivery Volume**: There are data charts showing the delivery volume of container ships with different loading capacities over the years [17][19] - **Demolition Volume**: There are data charts showing the demolition volume of container ships with different loading capacities over the years [18][20] - **Future Delivery**: There are data charts showing the future delivery volume of container ships with different loading capacities in different time periods [23][25][26] - **Ship - Breaking Price**: There are data charts showing the ship - breaking prices of container ships with different loading capacities and the new - building price index and its year - on - year change [30] - **New - Building Ship Price**: There are data charts showing the new - building price index and the new - building prices of container ships with different loading capacities [30][32] - **Second - Hand Ship Price**: There are data charts showing the second - hand ship price index and the second - hand prices of container ships with different loading capacities and ages [36][38][40][42] - **Existing Shipping Capacity of Container Ships** - There are data charts showing the total existing shipping capacity, the existing shipping capacity by loading capacity, the existing shipping capacity of ships over 25 years old, the proportion of idle and retrofitted ships, the average age, and the average age by loading capacity [45][46][48][49][52][54] 3.4 Dynamic Shipping Capacity - **Shipping Schedule (Shanghai - European Base Ports)** - There are data charts showing the total shipping capacity deployment from Shanghai to European base ports, the shipping capacity deployment of PA + MSC, GEMINI, MSC, and OCEAN in different weeks [60][62][64][66][68] - **Container Ships with Desulfurization Towers** - There are data charts showing the number and proportion of container ships with installed desulfurization towers, the number and proportion of container ships being installed with desulfurization towers, the average age and duration of retrofitting desulfurization towers, and the average speed of container ships [71][74][75][77] - **Idle Shipping Capacity** - There are data charts showing the idle shipping capacity of container ships in terms of TEU, number of ships, and proportion, the idle shipping capacity by loading capacity, the hot - idle shipping capacity, and the shipping capacity of ships being retrofitted with desulfurization towers [79][80]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - There is no information about the industry investment rating in the report. 2. Report's Core View - The shipping market shows a volatile trend. The European main - contract prices have increased due to the impact of the news that the Ministry of Commerce has taken counter - measures against Hanwha Ocean Co., Ltd. and its US - related subsidiaries. The European shipping line is in the year - end price - holding stage, with the first round of price - holding in late October showing initial results, and it has entered the second round in early November. The market is concerned about the impact of Sino - US relations and relevant policies on the shipping capacity supply. The recommended strategy is to wait and see [6]. 3. Summary by Relevant Content 3.1 Shipping Freight Index - **Spot Freight Index**: The Shanghai Export Container Freight Index (SCFI) is currently at 1310, up 12.92% from the previous value; the China Export Container Freight Index (CCFI) is at 973, down 4.11%. SCFI - US West is at 1936, up 31.88%; SCFIS - US West is at 862, down 1.60%; SCFI - US East is at 2853, up 16.35%; SCFI - Northwest Europe is at 1145, up 7.21%; SCFIS - Northwest Europe is at 1031, down 1.43%; SCFI - Mediterranean is at 1613, up 3.53% [4]. - **Contract Freight Index**: For contracts such as EC2506, EC2608, etc., the price fluctuations are relatively small, with the highest increase of 2.99% (EC5602) and the largest decrease of 0.36% (EC2510) [4]. - **Position and Change**: Positions like EC2606, EC2608, etc., have different changes. For example, EC2606 position decreased by 2, while EC2608 increased by 28 [4]. - **Monthly Spread**: The 10 - 12 monthly spread is currently - 557.8, down 7.6 from the previous value; the 12 - 2 spread is 182.7, down 39.2; the 12 - 4 spread is 530.7, down 0.5 [4]. 3.2 Market News - US Vice - President J.D. Vance is expected to visit Israel next Tuesday to promote the implementation of the Gaza war cease - fire agreement. There are still uncertainties about "Hamas disarmament" and "Gaza demilitarization" [5]. - Egypt claims to have lost over $9 billion due to Houthi attacks on Red Sea shipping [5]. - The US may soon announce a tariff exemption list, and lobbying for tariff exemption or inclusion of certain goods is expected to intensify [5]. - US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent plans to meet with Chinese Vice - Premier He Lifeng in Malaysia next week to prevent the escalation of the Sino - US tariff war [5]. - The White House envoy Steve Witkoff will go to the Middle East on Sunday evening to follow up on the implementation of the Gaza cease - fire agreement [5]. - The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has postponed the discussion of the "Net Zero Framework" (NZF) by one year [6]. 3.3 Market Situation and Strategy - **Market Situation**: The market is in a volatile state. Affected by the news of counter - measures against relevant companies and concerns about Sino - US relations, the European shipping line is in the year - end price - holding stage. The first round of price - holding in late October stopped the decline, and it has entered the second round in early November. Future price - holding actions are also expected [6]. - **Strategy**: The recommended strategy is to wait and see, and it is necessary to pay attention to the changes in Sino - US relations, end - of - month loading conditions, and November blank sailings [6].

Core Viewpoint - The A-share market has experienced a pullback due to declining risk appetite, increased uncertainty in US-China relations, and a general market sentiment decline, with major indices showing a downward trend [4][5]. Market Performance - The A-share market saw a significant decline this week, with the STAR Market 50 index dropping the most at 6.2%, while the Shanghai 50 index fell the least at 0.2%. The overall valuation of the market is at a historically high level since 2010 [4]. - Market styles have diverged, with value stocks performing better. Large-cap value stocks increased by 2.1%, while mid-cap growth stocks decreased by 5.8% [4]. Short-term Market Outlook - The A-share market has shown notable volatility, with the Shanghai Composite Index briefly surpassing 3900 points, a level not seen since August 2015, before falling back below that threshold [5]. - Increased market volatility is attributed to high valuations and rising uncertainties in US-China relations, with the VIX index also showing a significant increase [5]. - Historically, pullbacks during bull markets are common, typically occurring after 60-80 trading days into a bull market, with a usual retracement of 6-7% before resuming upward movement [5][6]. Current Market Phase - The market is likely still in a bull phase, although it may enter a wide-ranging fluctuation stage in the short term. The maximum drawdown observed so far is 4.01%, which is within historical norms [6]. Sector Focus - In the short term, the focus should be on defensive and consumer sectors, as historically, these sectors perform better during market fluctuations. High-dividend stocks and consumer sectors such as food and beverage, social services, and beauty care are expected to benefit from increased domestic demand [7][8]. - In the medium term, attention should be directed towards TMT (Technology, Media, and Telecommunications) and advanced manufacturing sectors, which may gain traction due to liquidity-driven trends and ongoing developments in AI [8].

Group 1 - The article discusses the evolving dynamics of US-China relations, highlighting the US's inching approach and China's establishment of an ecological sanction system that exposes US weaknesses [1][5] - The upcoming fifth round of US-China trade negotiations is anticipated to address key issues, including tariffs on rare earths and agricultural products like soybeans [3][7] - Trump's administration shows internal divisions regarding trade strategies, with some officials believing in the potential for a mutually beneficial agreement with China [5][10] Group 2 - The article emphasizes that the root causes of the US-China trade war involve multiple contentious issues, including rare earths, soybeans, tariffs, and geopolitical concerns [7][9] - The Fentanyl issue and the associated 20% tariff are highlighted as critical points in negotiations, with the US reluctant to remove the tariff due to implications for domestic accountability [9] - The article concludes that US-China relations are characterized by a complex interplay of cooperation and conflict, with both sides needing to navigate their differences while seeking common ground [10]

一天之内，接连两场高规格会见，对象都是在美国商界举足轻重、在中国也家喻户晓的人物，这绝不是巧 合。当前，特朗普政府刚刚挥起新一轮关税大棒，中方也出台了稀土管制等反制措施，贸易战大有升级失 控的风险。全世界都在担心，这两个经济巨头的碰撞会殃及池鱼。 就在中美贸易战火气腾腾、两边互相加码关税的节骨眼上，美国外交圈的一位重量级人物——坎贝尔，突 然站出来说了句大实话：特朗普心里其实"非常想去中国"。他预测，明年年初，特朗普很可能就会访问北 京。 这个声音之所以引人注目，是因为它点破了当前中美关系一个心照不宣的驱动力：双方表面上吵得凶，但 台面下都在忙着为未来几个月的高层会谈，尤其是可能的元首会晤搭桥铺路。坎贝尔直言，现在美国财政 部（而不是传统上的白宫或国务院）成了对华外交的主角，这说明特朗普政府更倾向于从"做生意"的角度来 看待中美关系。 微妙时机的高规格会见 就在坎贝尔发声的几乎同一时间，北京也做出了动作。10月16日，中共中央政治局委员、中央外办主任王 毅在北京会见了美国金融巨鳄——黑石集团的董事长苏世民。无独有偶，中国商务部部长王文涛也在同一 天会见了苹果公司的CEO库克。 总而言之，坎贝尔的直言和王毅的会 ...

Core Points - The U.S. government shutdown has lasted over a week, leading to a near-total halt of federal operations, with significant implications for international relations and domestic governance [1][10] - The shutdown has frozen U.S.-China negotiation mechanisms, highlighting the vulnerability of U.S. political structures and their impact on global diplomacy [14][22] - China's strategic restraint during the U.S. shutdown indicates a calculated approach to international relations, contrasting with the U.S.'s internal political struggles [21][22] Group 1: U.S. Government Shutdown - The Senate rejected a new fiscal year budget, resulting in a government shutdown that has forced most federal employees into unpaid leave [1][10] - Key departments such as the Treasury and Commerce are unable to function, disrupting essential operations and negotiations [1][14] - The political deadlock stems from a standoff between the Democratic-controlled Senate and the Republican-led White House over budgetary issues [9][12] Group 2: U.S.-China Relations - The U.S. political paralysis has effectively frozen the negotiation mechanisms with China, despite both sides expressing a willingness to engage [14][22] - China's response to the U.S. shutdown has been one of strategic restraint, emphasizing that the situation is an internal U.S. matter [21][22] - The shutdown has exposed the fragility of U.S.-China relations, which rely heavily on stable governmental operations for effective communication and negotiation [14][22] Group 3: International Implications - The U.S. government's inability to function has led to a loss of credibility on the international stage, affecting alliances and partnerships [8][19] - European countries are seeking to establish more reliable cooperation channels with China, as the U.S. struggles with its internal issues [7][15] - The ongoing shutdown could hinder U.S. participation in significant international meetings, further diminishing its global influence [9][19]

Core Insights - The article highlights a significant shift in the U.S. stance towards China, indicating that unilateral tariffs are no longer effective in the current interdependent global economy [1][3] - The dynamics of U.S.-China relations are evolving from a "pressure-response" model to a long-term balance based on power principles [3][5] Group 1: U.S. Policy Changes - U.S. Treasury Secretary Bessent has expressed a more optimistic view regarding U.S.-China relations, stating that "100% tariffs do not necessarily have to happen" [3] - This change in tone follows China's firm stance in response to U.S. actions, indicating a strategic recalibration in the bilateral relationship [3][5] Group 2: Economic Interdependence - The article emphasizes the deep economic ties between the U.S. and China, illustrated by the significant market reactions such as the sharp decline in U.S. stock prices and the loss of trillions in market value [5][7] - The interdependence creates invisible boundaries for both parties in their negotiations and strategies [5] Group 3: Trade War Dynamics - The trade conflict is characterized as a process of "promoting peace through struggle," with China's countermeasures targeting critical sectors like rare earths and lithium batteries, which are vital to U.S. high-tech and military industries [5][7] - The U.S. is realizing the high costs of a complete decoupling from China, leading to a tactical retreat in its aggressive trade policies [5][7] Group 4: Future Scenarios - Several potential future scenarios for U.S.-China relations are outlined, including: 1. A fragile balance with temporary compromises [8][9] 2. A "new normal" of competitive coexistence in key technology sectors [11] 3. Long-term competition over trade and technology standards [11] 4. Strategic stability through effective crisis management mechanisms [11][13] Group 5: China's Strategic Position - China is portrayed as exhibiting impressive resolve and wisdom in its approach to the U.S., choosing to respond strategically rather than emotionally [13] - The confidence of China in this geopolitical struggle is bolstered by its large domestic market, complete industrial system, and growing technological capabilities [13]

Core Viewpoint - The U.S.-China relationship is focusing on "actionable common interests" to enhance cooperation in various sectors, particularly public health, youth exchanges, and artificial intelligence governance [1] Group 1: Focus Areas for Cooperation - The U.S.-China Relations National Committee will prioritize three areas in the coming months: public health and drug accessibility, youth and civil exchanges, and exploring constructive frameworks in artificial intelligence and global governance [1] - Global health cooperation is highlighted as the most tangible area for building mutual trust, as it allows both nations' citizens to directly experience the benefits of collaboration [1] Group 2: Optimism for Future Relations - The president of the U.S.-China Relations National Committee expressed optimism about the future of U.S.-China relations, noting that many American companies continue to operate under the principle of "in China, for China" [1] - The committee aims to act as a bridge and platform for discussions on security, trade, technology, and cultural issues, maintaining its mission to promote understanding through dialogue and achieve cooperation through that understanding [1]

Market Overview - On October 16, A-shares showed mixed performance with a shift in market style, as funds flowed into dividend sectors, leading to a collective surge in the coal sector, while insurance and banking sectors also performed well. In contrast, the semiconductor and controlled nuclear fusion sectors experienced declines [1][4]. Fund Flows - The stock ETF market saw a net outflow of over 5 billion yuan, with broad-based indices like the CSI A500 experiencing significant outflows. The recent surge in "golden tracks" attracted substantial capital, with over 15 billion yuan flowing into the SGE Gold 9999 index in the past five days and over 10 billion yuan into the Hang Seng Technology index [2][3]. ETF Performance - As of October 16, the total scale of 1,228 stock ETFs reached 4.58 trillion yuan. The stock ETF market saw a reduction of 1.147 billion shares, translating to a net outflow of 5.042 billion yuan [2]. - Commodity ETFs and Hong Kong market ETFs led the inflows, with net inflows of 5.147 billion yuan and 3.374 billion yuan, respectively [3]. Sector Analysis - The banking, securities, and coal sectors were notably active, with the Bank ETF, Rare Earth ETF, and Securities ETF seeing the highest net inflows [6]. - Conversely, the CSI A500 index faced a net outflow of 2.36 billion yuan, indicating a shift away from broader market indices [8]. Gold ETFs - Gold-related ETFs continued to perform strongly, with year-to-date gains exceeding 60%. The gold ETF saw a net inflow of 800 million yuan on October 16 [5][7]. Investment Sentiment - The current market sentiment is cautious due to factors such as U.S.-China tensions, leading to a decline in risk appetite. The coal, banking, and food and beverage sectors are currently leading the market, while sectors like steel and construction materials are weakening [10]. Fund Management Insights - Major fund companies like E Fund and Huaxia Fund reported significant inflows into their ETFs, with E Fund's ETFs increasing by 2.5 billion yuan recently, reflecting strong investor interest in specific sectors [7]. Conclusion - The market is currently in a phase of "policy impetus + performance verification," with a focus on sectors with strong earnings certainty and clear policy catalysts expected to drive future performance [10].