Quantitative Factors and Construction Methods 1. Factor Name: Book-to-Price Ratio (BP) - **Construction Idea**: Measures the valuation of a stock by comparing its book value to its market value [12] - **Construction Process**: - Formula: $ BP = \frac{\text{Current Book Value}}{\text{Current Market Value}} $ [12] - **Evaluation**: BP is a widely used valuation factor, and its positive IC and excess return indicate its effectiveness in identifying undervalued stocks [8][10] 2. Factor Name: BP Three-Year Percentile - **Construction Idea**: Evaluates the relative valuation of a stock over the past three years [12] - **Construction Process**: - Formula: BP Three-Year Percentile = Percentile rank of the current BP within the last three years [12] - **Evaluation**: This factor provides a historical perspective on valuation, which can enhance its predictive power [8][10] 3. Factor Name: Quarterly Gross Profit Margin - **Construction Idea**: Measures profitability by comparing gross profit to sales revenue [12] - **Construction Process**: - Formula: $ \text{Quarterly Gross Profit Margin} = \frac{\text{Quarterly Gross Profit}}{\text{Quarterly Sales Revenue}} $ [12] - **Evaluation**: A positive IC and strong excess return suggest this factor is effective in identifying profitable companies [8][10] 4. Factor Name: 1-Month Average Daily Turnover - **Construction Idea**: Captures liquidity by analyzing the average daily turnover over the past month [12] - **Construction Process**: - Formula: 1-Month Average Daily Turnover = Mean of daily turnover over the last 20 trading days [12] - **Evaluation**: This factor demonstrates strong performance in short-term IC and excess return, indicating its utility in capturing liquidity-driven opportunities [8][10] 5. Factor Name: 1-Month Turnover Volatility - **Construction Idea**: Measures the variability of turnover over the past month to capture liquidity dynamics [12] - **Construction Process**: - Formula: 1-Month Turnover Volatility = Standard deviation of daily turnover over the last 20 trading days [12] - **Evaluation**: High IC and excess return suggest this factor effectively captures liquidity-related anomalies [8][10] 6. Factor Name: Fama-French Three-Factor 1-Month Residual Volatility - **Construction Idea**: Measures idiosyncratic risk by analyzing the residual volatility from the Fama-French three-factor model [12] - **Construction Process**: - Formula: Residual Volatility = Standard deviation of residuals from the regression of daily returns on the Fama-French three factors over the last 20 trading days [12] - **Evaluation**: This factor is effective in capturing risk-related anomalies, as evidenced by its strong IC and excess return [8][10] --- Factor Backtesting Results IC Performance - **BP**: Weekly IC = 5.32%, Monthly IC = 8.04%, Annual IC = 1.81% [8] - **BP Three-Year Percentile**: Weekly IC = 6.26%, Monthly IC = 10.63%, Annual IC = 3.10% [8] - **Quarterly Gross Profit Margin**: Weekly IC = 5.61%, Monthly IC = 3.29%, Annual IC = 0.64% [8] - **1-Month Average Daily Turnover**: Weekly IC = 12.54%, Monthly IC = 14.06%, Annual IC = 2.03% [8] - **1-Month Turnover Volatility**: Weekly IC = 10.49%, Monthly IC = 13.42%, Annual IC = 2.70% [8] - **Fama-French Three-Factor 1-Month Residual Volatility**: Weekly IC = 8.93%, Monthly IC = 13.16%, Annual IC = 3.32% [8] Excess Return Performance - **BP**: Weekly Excess Return = -0.04%, Monthly Excess Return = 1.27%, Annual Excess Return = 2.22% [10] - **BP Three-Year Percentile**: Weekly Excess Return = -0.25%, Monthly Excess Return = 2.07%, Annual Excess Return = 3.63% [10] - **Quarterly Gross Profit Margin**: Weekly Excess Return = 0.68%, Monthly Excess Return = 1.05%, Annual Excess Return = 4.64% [10] - **1-Month Average Daily Turnover**: Weekly Excess Return = 0.64%, Monthly Excess Return = 2.96%, Annual Excess Return = 7.46% [10] - **1-Month Turnover Volatility**: Weekly Excess Return = 0.55%, Monthly Excess Return = 2.95%, Annual Excess Return = 9.61% [10] - **Fama-French Three-Factor 1-Month Residual Volatility**: Weekly Excess Return = 0.29%, Monthly Excess Return = 2.75%, Annual Excess Return = 7.03% [10]

Group 1 - The report indicates that the trading sentiment has cooled down, with several indicators showing a decline compared to the previous month, suggesting a potential upward space in the market despite the drop in trading enthusiasm [2][3]. - The asset linkage indicators show that the relative allocation value of stocks compared to bonds remains high in the long term, with the equity risk premium (ERP) above one standard deviation [2][3]. - The market configuration indicators reveal that the overall A-share index is at 18.4, which is lower than the previous month, and most broad-based indices are below the historical median [2][3]. Group 2 - The report highlights that the turnover rate and transaction volume have decreased, indicating a drop in market activity, while the trend indicators for industries and individual stocks have remained stable [2][3]. - The investor behavior section notes a slight decline in share buyback scale to 8.171 billion, while the net reduction in industrial capital has widened slightly, indicating a mixed sentiment among investors [2][3]. - The three major funding indicators show a positive shift, with the overall funding indicator rising to 0.19, reflecting a recovery in main capital flows [2][3]. Group 3 - The report emphasizes that the valuation dispersion is at a relatively high level, with the valuation coefficient indicating a significant variation among individual stock valuations [20][22]. - The industry MACD is at a historically high level, with 90% of industries showing positive trends, suggesting broad opportunities across sectors [30][29]. - The proportion of individual stocks above the 50-week moving average remains stable at 76%, indicating a healthy market condition [32][33].

Core Viewpoint - The report emphasizes the importance of considering multiple trading factors in industry comparisons, as relying solely on a single factor may not yield long-term success [2][3]. Trading Factors Worth Noting - Stock prices do not always reflect fundamentals, making trading factors crucial to avoid the risk of "correct logic but poor timing" [3]. - Momentum is highlighted as a key factor, indicating potential industry benefits; industries with positive momentum are likely to perform better in the future [3]. - Turnover rate serves as a measure of how well stock prices reflect positive news; industries with low turnover rates tend to perform better than those with high turnover rates [3]. - Trading congestion is identified as a risk aversion indicator; higher congestion levels often correlate with poorer industry performance [4]. Industry Comparison Scoring Logic - A scoring system based on trading factors is proposed, focusing on industries with potential benefits that are not fully reflected in stock prices and are not overcrowded in trading [5]. - Historical data from February 2014 to January 2025 shows that industries with higher scores yield better performance, with annualized returns of 11.5% for the highest scoring group compared to 0.3% for the lowest [5]. Long/Short Strategy Performance - A long/short strategy, holding the highest scoring industries while shorting the lowest, achieved an annualized return of 10.1% and a Sharpe ratio of 0.75 from February 2014 to January 2025, indicating the effectiveness of the trading factor scoring system [7].