公司报告 | 年报点评报告 新易盛（300502） 证券研究报告 25 年一季度再创新高，硅光产业线逐步丰富 事件：公司发布 24 年年报及 25 年一季报。24 年全年营业收入 86.47 亿元 （YoY +179.15%），归母净利润 28.38 亿元（YoY +312.26%）；25 年 Q1 营业 收入 40.52 亿元（YoY +264.13%），归母净利润 15.73 亿元（YoY +384.54%）。 24 年非海外大客户订单增幅显著：2024 年公司高速率光模块、硅光模块、 相干光模块、800G LPO 光模块等相关新产品新技术研发项目取得多项突破 和进展。从收入端来看，24 年海外收入 68.05 亿元（YoY +162.31%），主要 因为 800G 产品已逐渐上量，我们判断海外行业客户使用以太网方案驱动 配套的 800G 光模块需求持续增长；国内收入 18.42 亿元（YoY +265.95%）， 我们推测或将因为客户 FTTH-CHINA 对接的东欧等地客户订单增长，并通过 浙江粮油按照三方《出口合作协议书》约定进行采购及结算。 关税背景下公司风险可控：从采购端来看，公司拓展国产芯片在 ...

Summary of the Conference Call on Optical Chip Industry Industry Overview - The optical chip industry is experiencing a shift towards self-sufficiency, with global production capacity expected to ease from 30 million units in the early AI boom to over 90 million units by 2024, meeting market demand, although high-end optical chips (100G and above) still rely on suppliers from the US and Japan [1][2][20]. Key Points and Arguments - **Market Position**: Domestic optical module manufacturers hold a significant position in the global market, but they lag in high-end optical chip technology, particularly in indium phosphide substrates and Vixel special processes, with a technological gap of approximately 3 to 5 years compared to international leaders [1][3][27]. - **Market Evolution**: The optical module market is evolving towards optoelectronic integration solutions to address power consumption and heat dissipation issues in data centers, with silicon photonics expected to play a crucial role in high-speed data communication [1][5][6]. - **Domestic Production**: Progress in domestic production of 25G and below optical chips is satisfactory, but self-sufficiency in 25G and above remains low, with a domestic production rate of less than 5% for 100G and above products [1][10][11]. - **Challenges for Domestic Companies**: Companies like Yuanjie Technology and Shijia Photon face challenges such as insufficient mass production capacity and low yield rates, leading to higher costs and difficulties in competing with international firms [1][12][27]. - **Emerging Technologies**: Silicon photonics is seen as a key future direction, with major players like TSMC and Intel investing heavily in this area. The integration of optical components into CMOS technology is expected to enhance data center capabilities [6][14][18]. Additional Important Insights - **Global Competition**: The global optical chip market is dominated by five companies (Broadcom, Lumentum, Coherent, and Japan's Sumitomo and Mitsubishi), which collectively hold over 90% market share. The production capacity for 100G and above optical chips is primarily led by US and Japanese manufacturers [2][20][26]. - **Domestic Market Dynamics**: Domestic companies are increasingly investing in upstream industries and independent research to adapt to future market changes, with a focus on high-end and high-speed product development [16][17]. - **Market Demand**: Demand for optical chips is concentrated in data centers, telecom operators, and AI data centers, with significant needs from companies like Alibaba, Tencent, and Huawei [19][20]. - **Production Capacity and Yield**: The production capacity for 25G optical chips in China is around one million units annually, but still falls short of the ten million mark. The self-sufficiency rate for 25G is approximately 50%, while it is about 20% for 50G [9][10][22]. - **Future Projections**: By 2028, silicon photonics is expected to mature, capturing over 50% of the market share in high-speed communication, while traditional optical modules will continue to dominate in lower-speed applications [13][14]. This summary encapsulates the critical insights from the conference call regarding the optical chip industry, highlighting the current state, challenges, and future directions of the market.

Group 1: Company Performance and Financial Outlook - In Q1 2025, the company's revenue declined by 63%, with a net loss of over 26 million [6] - The company anticipates that the optical electronics business will gradually improve its revenue and net profit due to ongoing projects and orders [7] - The company expects to see a significant increase in production capacity to meet customer delivery requirements after the acquisition of ficonTEC is completed [4] Group 2: ficonTEC Acquisition and Integration - The acquisition of ficonTEC has been approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission, and it will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of the company [4][13] - The integration of ficonTEC is expected to enhance operational efficiency and reduce production costs, contributing positively to the company's performance [3][4] - The company plans to implement a "dual headquarters" global layout to better serve customers in the Asia-Pacific region while expanding overseas [4] Group 3: Market Demand and Customer Orders - ficonTEC has secured orders from major clients, including Tesat-Spacecom GmbH, a subsidiary of Airbus, and other leading companies in the satellite communication sector [3] - The company is actively expanding its service capabilities in Southeast Asia, Taiwan, and South Korea to meet the growing demand for Co-Packaged Optics (CPO) and optical transceiver technologies [7] - The domestic market for ficonTEC's equipment is expected to grow significantly, with increasing collaboration with major Chinese companies like Huawei and others [11] Group 4: Technology and Product Development - ficonTEC has developed equipment to enhance yield rates in wafer and chip manufacturing, which has been showcased at industry events [13] - The company is focusing on advancing its technology in the photonics field, with applications in data communication, AI, and quantum computing [13] - The company is a core member of the Taiwan Silicon Photonics Industry Alliance, collaborating with top semiconductor companies to promote the commercialization of silicon photonics technology [13] Group 5: Challenges and Market Conditions - The company faces challenges due to cyclical demand fluctuations in the photovoltaic industry, which have impacted its equipment segment [6][24] - Concerns have been raised regarding the low yield rates of the CPO project with NVIDIA and TSMC, but the company assures that measures are in place to improve these rates [6] - The company is closely monitoring geopolitical situations, such as the India-Pakistan tensions, to mitigate any potential impacts on its operations in India [15]

Core Viewpoint - The company reported significant revenue and profit growth for 2024 and Q1 2025, driven by high-end product sales and improved operational efficiency [1][2][3] Financial Performance - In 2024, the company achieved revenue of 23.863 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 122.64%, and a net profit of 5.171 billion yuan, up 137.93% [1] - For Q1 2025, revenue reached 6.674 billion yuan, growing 37.82% year-on-year, with a net profit of 1.583 billion yuan, an increase of 56.39% [1] - The gross margin for 2024 was 33.80%, up 0.81 percentage points, while the net margin was 22.51%, an increase of 1.91 percentage points [1] - Q1 2025 gross margin was 36.70%, a quarter-on-quarter increase of 1.62 percentage points, and net margin was 25.33%, up 2.42 percentage points [1] Cost Management - Sales expense ratio decreased to 0.84%, down 0.32 percentage points year-on-year; management expense ratio was 2.85%, down 1.19 percentage points; R&D expense ratio was 5.21%, down 1.69 percentage points [1] Product Development and Market Trends - The company is experiencing increased demand for 800G and 400G products, with significant growth in shipments due to both domestic and overseas customer demand [2][3] - The introduction of new tariff policies has allowed for zero tariffs on shipments from Thailand, enhancing the company's competitive position [2] - The company has developed advanced technologies in silicon photonics and coherent optics, with a focus on high-end products [3] Future Outlook - The company is positioned as a leader in the optical module market, with expectations for rapid adoption of 800G products domestically and potential demand for 1.6T and 3.2T products overseas [4] - Projected net profits for 2025-2027 are 7.256 billion yuan, 9.163 billion yuan, and 10.542 billion yuan, respectively, with corresponding EPS of 6.57 yuan, 8.29 yuan, and 9.54 yuan [4]

Industry Overview - The Chinese optical communication system industry is experiencing market scale expansion, accelerated technological iteration, diversified competitive landscape, and strengthened policy support, showing steady overall development [1][13] - The market size of the optical communication system industry in China is projected to reach 215.4 billion yuan in 2024, with a year-on-year growth of 1.07% [1][13] - Technological advancements are moving towards ultra-high speed, large capacity, and low latency, with 400G optical networks already in commercial use and 800G/1.6T optical modules gradually being deployed [1][13] Technological Developments - Innovations such as silicon photonics and co-packaged optics (CPO) are driving power consumption reductions of over 50% [1][13] - The integration of quantum communication with optical communication provides new pathways for secure information transmission, while integrated optical technologies enhance device intelligence [1][13] Policy and Market Drivers - National policies such as "Broadband China" and "Three Networks Integration" are significantly promoting industry growth [1][13] - Emerging applications in computing networks and smart cities are expanding the boundaries of application, with AI model training driving the demand for upgraded computing infrastructure, further boosting the optical communication system market [1][13] Industry Development History - The optical communication system industry in China has undergone four main stages: early exploration (1970s), technological breakthroughs (1980s), rapid development and industrialization (1990s), and technological upgrades and globalization (2000s to present) [6][7] Industry Chain - The upstream of the optical communication system industry includes core components and basic materials, while the midstream involves R&D and production, and the downstream applications span telecommunications, data communications, consumer electronics, and more [9] Key Companies - Major players in the optical communication system industry include Huawei, ZTE, and FiberHome, which dominate the core markets of optical transmission and access equipment [15] - Companies like Zhongji Xuchuang and Xinyi Technology are gaining traction in the optical module and device segments through technological innovation and differentiated products [15] Market Trends - Technological innovation is the core driving force for the development of the optical communication system industry, with a focus on high speed, high integration, and low power consumption [21] - New application scenarios are expanding, including IoT and smart city initiatives, which will further increase the demand for optical communication devices [22][23] - International competition is intensifying, with Chinese optical communication companies needing to enhance their competitiveness in the global market [24]

Industry Rating - The industry investment rating is maintained at "Outperform the Market" [1] Core Viewpoints - CPO technology integrates ASIC chips and optical engines on the same high-speed motherboard, reducing signal attenuation, system power consumption, and costs while achieving high integration, applicable in data centers, high-performance computing, AI, and virtual reality [2] - The CPO market is expected to grow rapidly, with Yole predicting a market size of $2.6 billion by 2033, driven by AI demand and requiring collaboration across the industry chain [2] - Major overseas companies are leading the CPO industry development, with significant advancements from Broadcom, Marvell, TSMC, and NVIDIA [2][3] Summary by Sections 1. CPO Technology and Development Trends - CPO technology addresses bandwidth and power challenges, with a 25%-30% reduction in total power consumption for 51.2T switches compared to traditional solutions [12] - CPO technology offers low power consumption, low latency, high bandwidth, improved system performance, and cost-effectiveness [15] - Silicon photonics is becoming the main path for CPO technology due to its high integration and compatibility with CMOS processes [18] 2. CPO Market Size and Major Drivers - The CPO market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 69% from $600,000 in 2022 to $287 million in 2033, while OIO is expected to grow at a CAGR of 81% from $500,000 to $2.3 billion [31] - Major players in the CPO market include Broadcom, Intel, NVIDIA, and Marvell, with significant contributions from laser manufacturers and silicon photonics foundries [35] 3. CPO Switch Internal Structure - CPO switches consist of key components such as ASIC chips, optical engines, external light sources, and flexible optical backplanes [63] - The optical engine is crucial for optical-electrical conversion, with various packaging methods impacting performance and integration [67] 4. Recommended Companies to Watch - Companies actively involved in CPO technology include: - Zhongji Xuchuang, focusing on high-end optical communication modules and CPO-related products [96] - Xinyi Sheng, leveraging silicon photonics technology for CPO applications [101] - Tianfu Communication, developing multiple projects related to CPO components [106] - Taichuang, specializing in optical communication devices and flexible boards [111] - Yuanjie Technology, providing CW light sources for CPO applications [116] - Shijia Photon, offering components for CPO packaging [121] - Guangxun Technology, launching CPO ELS light source modules [126] - Robotech, focusing on silicon photonics and CPO packaging equipment [131] - Ruijie Network, releasing CPO switches with significant market presence [136]

Core Viewpoint - NVIDIA's introduction of silicon photonics technology, specifically the Co-Packaged Optics (CPO), is set to revolutionize data center infrastructure by significantly reducing power consumption and enhancing network efficiency for AI computing clusters [1][11]. Group 1: NVIDIA's Innovations - NVIDIA announced its groundbreaking silicon photonics technology at the GTC2025 conference, which is expected to reduce data center power consumption by 40 megawatts [1]. - The Spectrum-X and Quantum-X silicon photonic network switches integrate electronic circuits with optical communication technology, enabling AI factories to interconnect millions of GPU clusters while lowering energy consumption and operational costs [1][2]. Group 2: Spectrum-X and Quantum-X Specifications - Spectrum-X offers configurations with up to 128 ports at 800 Gb/s or 512 ports at 200 Gb/s, achieving a total bandwidth of up to 100 Tb/s [2]. - Quantum-X features a throughput of 115.2 Tb/s with 144 ports, utilizing advanced cooling and silicon photonics technology to double AI computing speeds compared to previous generations [2][4]. Group 3: CPO Technology Advantages - CPO technology integrates ASIC and optical components, eliminating the need for separate DSP chips, which enhances overall module performance and significantly reduces data center power consumption [6]. - Compared to traditional pluggable optical modules, CPO can reduce power consumption by 30% in high-capacity switches [6]. Group 4: Challenges and Market Position - CPO modules face challenges such as fixed configurations that may limit flexibility, as failures in CPO systems require replacing the entire module rather than just the faulty part [8]. - Despite the advantages of CPO technology, pluggable optical modules remain the market standard due to their flexibility and established standardization [9]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The CPO technology marks the beginning of a transformative phase in the semiconductor and switching markets, with potential for accelerated growth in AI infrastructure as the technology matures [11]. - In the short term, CPO may be piloted in specific scenarios, while pluggable modules will continue to dominate; however, a hybrid "CPO + pluggable" architecture may emerge to meet varying application needs [11].

Core Insights - The GTC event highlighted NVIDIA's advancements in AI and GPU technology, particularly the introduction of the Blackwell architecture and its Ultra variant, which promises significant performance improvements over previous models [1][3][5] - NVIDIA's CEO, Jensen Huang, emphasized the rapid evolution of AI technology and the increasing demand for high-performance computing in data centers, projecting that capital expenditures in this sector could exceed $1 trillion by 2028 [1][42][43] Blackwell Architecture - NVIDIA has announced that the four major cloud providers have purchased 3.6 million Blackwell chips this year, indicating strong demand [1] - The Blackwell Ultra platform features up to 288 GB of HBM3e memory and offers 1.5 times the FP4 computing power compared to the previous H100 architecture, significantly enhancing AI inference speed [3][4][5] - The Blackwell Ultra GPU (GB300) is designed to meet the needs of extended inference time, providing 20 petaflops of AI performance with increased memory capacity [3][4] Future Developments - NVIDIA plans to launch the Vera Rubin architecture in 2026, which will include a custom CPU and GPU, promising substantial performance improvements in AI training and inference [7][8][11] - The Rubin Ultra, set for release in 2027, will feature a configuration capable of delivering 15 exaflops of FP4 inference performance, significantly surpassing the capabilities of the Blackwell Ultra [12][81] Networking Innovations - NVIDIA is advancing its networking capabilities with the introduction of co-packaged optics (CPO) technology, which aims to reduce power consumption and improve efficiency in data center networks [14][17][21] - The Quantum-X and Spectrum-X switches, expected to launch in 2025 and 2026 respectively, will utilize CPO to enhance bandwidth and reduce operational costs in AI clusters [89][90] Market Context - Major companies like OpenAI and Meta are investing heavily in NVIDIA's technology, with OpenAI reportedly spending $100 billion on infrastructure that could house up to 400,000 NVIDIA AI chips [30] - Despite the technological advancements, NVIDIA's stock has faced volatility, with a notable decline following the GTC event, raising questions about the sustainability of its market dominance [31][32]

Core Viewpoint - STMicroelectronics (ST) is leveraging its advanced "Silicon Photonics + BiCMOS" foundry services to address the growing demand for high-speed, energy-efficient data transmission in the AI-driven chip market, particularly in cloud interconnects [2][10][12]. Group 1: Market Context and Challenges - The current data center landscape faces significant bottlenecks in connectivity, particularly for AI workloads that require high bandwidth and low latency, with up to 30% of training time spent waiting for network responses [4][6]. - The demand for optical transceivers is increasing as data centers expand, with the optical communication chipset market projected to grow from approximately $3.5 billion in 2024 to over $11 billion by 2030, at a CAGR of 17% [6][12]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - ST's PIC100 platform is the only pure silicon technology platform capable of supporting 200 Gbps single-channel transmission on 300 mm wafers, offering compact structure and superior performance [11][12]. - The transition to Silicon Photonics (SiPho) technology allows for the integration of multiple components into a single transceiver chip, enhancing efficiency and reducing system losses [10][12][15]. Group 3: Product Offerings and Collaborations - ST's BiCMOS technology, particularly the new B55 series, provides low noise performance and high data transmission rates, making it ideal for next-generation optical connections [13][14]. - The company has established a partnership with AWS to develop the PIC100 technology, aimed at improving interconnectivity for various workloads, including AI [16][17]. Group 4: Future Outlook - ST aims to create PICs that support 400 Gbps per channel, essential for modern data centers as AI applications demand faster and more efficient data flow [17][18]. - The integration of compact modulators into the PIC100 platform is a key focus, ensuring compatibility with GPU packaging sizes and enhancing overall system performance [17].

每日看盘 今日A股三大指数冲高回落，两市共成交11 8 2 9亿，较前个交易日放量4 7 4亿。 其中沪指上涨 0 . 0 8%，收报3 2 4 4 . 3 8点； 深成指上涨0 . 9 4%，收报1 0 2 5 6 . 4 0点； 创业板指上涨1 . 8 1%，收报 2 1 0 4 . 7 3点。 在上周五A5 0的拉升和各种利好的刺激下，今日市场如期高开，并且基本持续了1个小时才开 始缓慢的回落。全天呈现了深强沪弱的局面，上海最高冲到3 2 6 8点，两次冲上3 2 6 5点均很快 回落，未能实现有效的突破。 盘面上，全天两市3 5 5 8家上涨，1 4 6 8家下跌。中位数上涨0 . 7 8%，微盘股指数上涨1 . 7 7%。从 黄白线的情况看，上证、深成指、创业板指形成了截然不同的三种走势，上证黄线在白线之 上，深成指的黄线和白线基本重合，而创业板指则白线远在黄线之上，市场的分歧是比较大 的。 板块上，纺织服装、电源设备、电池、包装材料、消费电子、电网设备、装修装饰、化学制药 等涨幅居前，贵金属、航空机场、煤炭行业、游戏、半导体等跌幅居前。热点上，铜缆高速连 接在黄仁勋透露的利好加持下，大涨5 . 4 ...