格隆汇8月26日｜Economics Unchained首席经济学家斯蒂芬•哈尔马利克表示，自上世纪90年代初以来， 央行的独立性一直是全球金融体系的基石之一，因此削弱美联储独立性的尝试令人担忧。如果美联储理 事库克被解职后，新理事的任命将直接受总统的指示，这将不会受到金融市场的欢迎，反而可能导致债 券收益率上升，而债券收益率对美国政府债务的管理至关重要。 【免责声明】本文仅代表作者本人观点，与和讯网无关。和讯网站对文中陈述、观点判断保持中立，不 对所包含内容的准确性、可靠性或完整性提供任何明示或暗示的保证。请读者仅作参考，并请自行承担 全部责任。邮箱：news_center@staff.hexun.com ...

随着美联储理事丽莎·库克在特朗普的命令下退出美联储，央行独立性的问题重新成为市场关注的焦 点。Challenger首席经济学家、澳大利亚储备 银行前高级经理乔纳森·卡恩斯指出，市场看到了可信的独 立央行在大流行后飙升后降低通胀的好处。他补充称，可信的独立央行意味着通胀预期仍然稳定，这意 味着可以在失业率不大幅上升的情况下降低通胀。任何破坏信用的事情最终都会伤害到家庭和企业。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing conflict between President Trump and the Federal Reserve has intensified, particularly targeting Fed Governor Cook, with accusations of mortgage fraud and calls for her resignation [1][4]. Group 1: Trump's Influence on the Federal Reserve - Trump's criticism of the Federal Reserve, particularly Chairman Powell, has been consistent since his first term, but his control over federal institutions has increased during his second term, raising market concerns about his potential influence over the Fed [3][4]. - If Cook resigns or is dismissed, Trump could appoint a loyalist, increasing his allies on the Fed's Board from three to four, thereby enhancing his control over monetary policy [4][6]. Group 2: Implications of Federal Reserve Independence - Historically, the independence of central banks has allowed them to manage inflation effectively without political pressure, a principle that many economists view as sacred [6][7]. - Trump's economic advisor, Stephen Moore, has expressed skepticism about the Fed's independence and has advocated for reforms that would give the president greater control over the Fed's governance structure [7][8]. Group 3: Potential Economic Consequences - If Trump were to gain full control over the Fed and push for aggressive rate cuts, it could lead to inflationary pressures reminiscent of the stagflation crisis prior to the 1980s, which could ultimately harm his political standing [8].

特朗普对美联储施压要求降息并试图重塑央行领导层的举动，正在全球央行界引发连锁担忧。 8月25日，据媒体报道，在怀俄明州杰克逊霍尔举行的美联储年度研讨会期间，来自世界各国的央行官 员担心，如果全球最具影响力的央行屈服于政治压力，将为其他国家的政治干预开创危险先例。 特朗普公开施压美联储主席鲍威尔辞职，并试图驱逐理事库克（Lisa Cook），这种做法已经引起国际 央行界的高度关注。欧洲央行决策者Olli Rehn表示： "对美联储出于政治动机的攻击会在精神上波及世界其他地区，包括欧洲"。 报道指出，特朗普对美联储的施压并非孤例，日本、拉脱维亚等多国央行都面临类似政治压力。 分析人士指出，如果美联储的独立性受到损害，可能引发金融市场重大动荡，投资者将要求持有美债获 得更高风险溢价，并重新评估美债作为全球金融体系命脉的地位。各国央行已开始为这种冲击做准备， 提醒银行关注美元敞口。 全球央行官员力挺鲍威尔 报道称，在杰克逊霍尔会议期间，国际央行界展现出对美联储独立性的坚定支持。当鲍威尔登台演讲 时，与会者起立鼓掌表达支持。 据接受媒体采访的十几位各国央行官员透露，美联储因失去独立性而削弱抗通胀能力的情形，被视为对 全 ...

（文章来源：央视新闻客户端） 欧洲中央银行行长拉加德当地时间24日在接受美国媒体采访时表示，央行独立性具有"决定性意义"，并 警告称任何对其独立性的干预都可能带来严重后果。她是在美国总统特朗普近期多次施压美联储的背景 下作出的上述表态。拉加德指出，"如果一家中央银行失去独立性，或者这种独立性受到威胁，它就会 变得功能失调"，继而引发"不稳定，甚至更严重的情况"。她强调，独立性是央行有效履职的前提。 ...

↑点击上面图片 加雪球核心交流群 ↑ 昨晚，牵动全球金融市场的鲍威尔讲话定档在美东时间周五10点，市场屏息以待。 同一时间，市场突然转向。此前一周还在下跌的美股，在这个时间点集体拉升，三大指数齐刷刷翻红。 鲍威尔开场第一句话，就暗示美联储可能在9月降息。这句话迅速点燃了交易员的情绪，利率预期被重置，美债收益率下行，美元直线回落，风险 资产全面走强！ 昨夜， 美股 全线反弹 有股民发帖表达疑惑：所有股票和ETFs在上午9点（美国中部标准时间，美东时间10点）都上涨了。发生了什么？我感到困惑……我们整个星期都 在下跌……而现在突然在星期五上午9点（美国中部标准时间）正好上涨了。还有其他人也看到这种情况吗…… 就在整个市场还没反应之时，鲍威尔暗示"9月或降息"，让市场沸腾。美股三大指数集体飙升。 道琼斯指数暴涨846点，收于 45,631.74 点，历史上首次站上4.56万点。 01 纳斯 达克上涨 1.88% ，标普500上涨 1.52% ，结束此前连续多日的下跌。小盘股弹性最强，罗素2000涨近 3.9% 。 板块层面，大型科技股全线反弹。 特斯拉大涨6.22%，创下两个月来最大单日涨幅，一夜之间市值增加逾64 ...

Core Viewpoint - President Trump is pushing for the removal of Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook, which could allow him to gain a majority on the seven-member board and increase White House influence over the Fed [1][2]. Group 1: Political Influence and Control - Trump's call for Cook's resignation follows accusations of mortgage fraud against her, highlighting the administration's willingness to exert control over the Fed [1][2]. - Analysts suggest that this move reflects the administration's broader strategy to increase its influence over the Federal Reserve, which has traditionally operated independently from political pressure [2][3]. Group 2: Potential Changes in the Federal Reserve Board - If Cook is removed, Trump could appoint four members to the Fed's board, potentially giving him a majority [3][4]. - Trump's previous appointments have already included two current members, and he has nominated Stephen Miran to fill a recently vacated position [3]. Group 3: Challenges to Implementing Policy Changes - Even with a majority on the board, it does not guarantee that Trump's agenda will be realized, as the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is responsible for rate decisions and requires broader support [4][6]. - Current board members, including those appointed by Trump, may not necessarily align with the administration's monetary policy goals, as evidenced by past dissenting votes [9]. Group 4: Implications for Future Leadership - The future of Fed Chair Jerome Powell is uncertain, as his term ends in May 2024, and Trump's ability to appoint a successor will depend on Powell's decision to remain on the board [4][10]. - If Cook were to leave, it might pressure Powell to stay on as a board member to counteract political interference [10].

Core Viewpoint - President Trump is pushing for the removal of Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook, which could allow him to gain a majority on the seven-member board and increase White House influence over the Federal Reserve [1][2]. Group 1: Political Influence and Control - Trump's call for Cook's resignation follows accusations of mortgage fraud against her, highlighting the administration's willingness to exert control over the Federal Reserve [1][2]. - Analysts suggest that the aggressive stance against Cook reflects the Trump administration's desire to expand its influence, a tactic previously used against political opponents [2][3]. - Even if Trump secures a majority on the board, it does not guarantee that he will achieve his desired interest rate decisions [4][5]. Group 2: Federal Reserve Decision-Making - The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), which is responsible for interest rate decisions, consists of 12 policymakers, meaning Trump's nominees would need broader support to influence policy [6][7]. - The board's majority could enhance White House influence in other areas, such as bank regulation, which falls under the board's jurisdiction [7][8]. Group 3: Future Implications - The potential departure of Cook could pressure current Chair Jerome Powell to remain in his position to counter political interference [9]. - Powell's future decisions regarding his tenure may be influenced by the political landscape and the composition of the board [9].

Core Viewpoint - The Jackson Hole Global Central Bank Conference is a significant event that influences global capital flows, focusing this year on the transformation of the labor market amid challenges like aging populations and productivity slowdowns [1][2]. Group 1: Conference Details - The conference will take place from August 21 to 23, gathering central bank leaders, policymakers, economists, and market experts to discuss pressing global economic challenges and policy choices [1]. - The theme of this year's conference is "Labor Market Transformation: Demographics, Productivity, and Macroeconomic Policy," addressing real-world issues such as aging, productivity growth, and the rise of AI and automation [1]. Group 2: Historical Significance - Historically, key statements made at this conference have led to significant market movements, such as Paul Volcker's defense of aggressive rate hikes and Ben Bernanke's hints at quantitative easing during the global financial crisis [2][3]. - The conference serves as a pivotal moment for market direction, with past remarks from Federal Reserve chairs often marking turning points in market trends [3]. Group 3: Current Economic Context - Recent data shows that the U.S. Producer Price Index (PPI) for July exceeded expectations, indicating a potential resurgence of inflation, which has led to a shift in market expectations regarding interest rate cuts [4]. - The Federal Reserve's July meeting minutes revealed that most participants view inflation risks as outweighing employment risks, highlighting internal divisions on the path to interest rate cuts [4]. Group 4: Political Pressure on the Fed - There is increasing political pressure on the Federal Reserve, particularly from the Trump administration, which is advocating for quicker rate cuts, raising concerns about the Fed's independence [5][6]. - The upcoming conference will be closely watched for how Fed Chair Jerome Powell addresses these political pressures and maintains the Fed's credibility [6]. Group 5: Key Investor Focus Areas - Investors should pay attention to three main areas during the conference: 1. The signaling of interest rate paths and whether Powell will downplay expectations for a September rate cut [8]. 2. The impact of tariffs on corporate costs and inflation, particularly how Powell articulates this relationship [8]. 3. The Fed's independence in the face of political noise and how Powell responds to these challenges [8].

【要闻速递】 上个月美国批发价格的上涨和 7 月份零售销售报告的强劲增长使美联储大幅降息 50 个基点 （bps） 的 前景黯淡。然而，投资者仍预计今年会降息。 俄罗斯外交部长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫周三警告说，在没有莫斯科参与的情况下试图解决与乌克兰有关的安 全问题是一条无路可走的道路。拉夫罗夫还指责欧洲领导人笨拙地试图改变特朗普在乌克兰问题上的立 场。这使地缘政治风险继续发挥作用，并有助于限制黄金/美元货币对的损失。 在8月21日的欧洲交易时段，黄金未能延续前一日自三周低点开启的良好反弹态势，反而引来了新的卖 方力量。当日公布的7月底联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）政策会议纪要彰显出鹰派立场，与会官员们 对通胀问题的关切程度超过了劳动力市场状况。这一信号进一步削弱了市场对于美联储将于9月大幅降 息的预期，进而助推美元走强，同时给不产生利息收益的黄金带来下行压力。与此同时，白银价格攀升 至37.85美元附近；铂金则受市场预期美联储可能在9月会议上降息的影响获得支撑。另外，美国总统特 朗普基于未经证实的抵押贷款欺诈指控要求美联储理事丽莎·库克辞职的事件，引发了投资者对央行独 立性的担忧。加之特朗普多次公开批评美联储主席 ...