米兰（StephenMiran），一位在经济政策领域独树一帜的声音，近年来在美联储与白宫经济顾问委员会（CEA）中的角色引发了广泛关注。他的观点和立 场，常常挑战传统经济学理论及政策实施，尤其是在货币政策领域，他的存在几乎打破了美联储长期以来所遵循的集体决策与渐进主义传统。米兰，作为美 联储理事，同时担任白宫经济顾问委员会主席，展现了与主流经济学家不同的视角，提出了一系列备受争议的政策建议。 米兰的职业背景并不寻常。从波士顿大学生物化学的学术道路到经济学的深度思考，他的转变映射出他独特的思维方式。以休谟的怀疑主义哲学为指引，米 兰不仅在学术上有过系统的训练，还深入金融行业，涉足政策领域。他曾在特朗普政府时期担任财政部高级顾问，参与了包括《CARES法案》在内的重大 经济政策制定。后来，他选择离开商界，加入曼哈顿研究所，提出了关于美国制造业回流、全球贸易重构等话题，逐渐成为特朗普经济政策的核心智囊之 一。 在货币政策方面，米兰的主张引发了广泛讨论。在2023年9月的美联储会议中，米兰提出的降息50个基点的建议，与其他成员支持的25个基点的降息形成了 鲜明对比。米兰认为，美联储的货币政策过于紧缩，已经抑制了经济的 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for a more thoughtful selection process for the next Federal Reserve Chair, focusing on improving the Fed's overall performance and accountability rather than short-term market considerations [1][2]. Group 1: Federal Reserve's Current Challenges - President Trump has called for significant cuts to the federal funds rate to stimulate economic activity, which could lead to excessive inflationary monetary policy and increase borrowing costs for the government, households, and businesses [1]. - Concerns about the Fed's independence in setting monetary policy may undermine confidence in U.S. financial markets and further depress the dollar's value [1]. - The Fed has made mistakes under Powell's leadership, resulting in high inflation and unclear monetary policy strategies [1][2]. Group 2: Key Policy Issues for the Next Chair - The dual mandate of the Fed—ensuring price stability and full employment—has been criticized, particularly regarding the Fed's inflation bias in 2021 and 2022, raising questions about the appropriate weighting of inflation and employment [2]. - The Fed's balance sheet has expanded significantly since the 2008 financial crisis, leading to questions about the necessary size and composition of the balance sheet for effective monetary policy [2]. - Financial regulation reforms are needed to avoid costly pressures in the U.S. Treasury market, and the Fed must distinguish its regulatory activities from monetary policy to maintain independence [2][3]. Group 3: Recommendations for Improvement - The Fed should embrace diverse economic viewpoints to better address the evolving economic landscape and avoid groupthink tendencies that can lead to policy errors [3]. - The selection process for Fed officials should prioritize knowledge and experience diversity rather than political motivations, ensuring a broader range of perspectives [3]. - The next Fed Chair should possess knowledge of monetary policy and financial regulation, independent judgment, and an openness to new ideas that can enhance institutional performance and accountability [3].