DONGHAI SECU 肉奶周期共振。 盈利改善可期 证券分析师：姚星辰 执业证书编号：S0630523010001 联系方式：yxc@longone.com.cn 2026年3月4日 CONTENTS 一、原奶价格磨底，供需拐点将至 四、投资建议 证券研究报告 HTTP://WWW.LONGONE.COM.CN 请务必仔细阅读正文后的所有说明和声明 二、肉牛价格开启向上周期 三、肉奶周期共振，盈利改善可期 ● 原奶价格持续磨底，行业亏损时间较长。截至2026年2月26日，生鲜乳均价3.03元/公斤，同比-1.9%，环比持平。2021年， 原奶价格步入下行通道，已连续下跌超过4年，跌回2010年水平。2025年下半年以来，原奶价格持续低位，维持在3.02- 3.04元/公斤震荡，处于成本线以下。以山东省为例，截至2025Q4，奶牛养殖头均利润-810元，连续亏损三年，资金压力较 大。 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 2008-07 2009-07 2010-07 2011-07 2012-07 2013-07 2014-07 2015-07 2016-07 2017-07 2018-07 2 ...

机构观点 伊利股份近7个交易日（2026年2月6日至12日）股价呈现震荡下行趋势。区间收盘价从27.08元下跌至 26.61元，累计跌幅2.21%，振幅3.38%。具体来看，2月12日最新收盘价为26.61元，当日下跌0.97%，成 交金额约9.18亿元，量比0.66，显示市场交投相对清淡。同期，食品饮料板块下跌1.30%，乳品板块下 跌0.89%，略优于大盘表现（上证指数微涨0.05%）。股价波动可能与节前资金观望及热点事件交织影 响有关。 经济观察网 近7天内，伊利股份（600887）有多项热点事件值得关注。2026年2月11日，伊利自主研发 的益生菌菌株YLGB-1496被国家卫生健康委员会列入《可用于婴幼儿食品的菌种名单》，这是首株由 中国乳企自主研发、源自中国母乳的婴幼儿可用益生菌，标志着中国本土益生菌产业化的突破。同日， 公司公告董事长潘刚因偿还股票质押融资借款计划减持不超过6200万股（占总股本0.98%），减持窗口 为2026年1月29日至4月14日，但公告强调此举属个人资金规划，与公司经营无直接关联。2026年2月12 日，伊利宣布计划自2025年至2027年维持不低于75%的分红率，以提升 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for the agricultural sector [3][5]. Core Insights - The agricultural sector is expected to experience upward price trends, particularly in beef and dairy, while grain prices are stabilizing at historical lows [1][3][5]. - The supply-demand dynamics for corn and soybeans remain loose, with global ending stocks projected to increase, while domestic prices are expected to find strong support at current low levels [1][2][3]. Summary by Relevant Sections Corn - The USDA January supply and demand report forecasts a global corn production increase of 13.05 million tons (approximately +1.02%) to 1.283 billion tons for the 25/26 season, with a corresponding increase in the global ending stocks-to-use ratio by 0.86 percentage points to 22.38% [15][16]. - Domestic corn prices are currently at a historical low, with a slight month-on-month increase of 0.04% and a year-on-year increase of 10.30% [18]. Soybeans - The USDA report indicates a global soybean production increase of 3.14 million tons, with ending stocks projected to rise by 2.04 million tons (approximately +1.67%) to 124 million tons for the 25/26 season [33][34]. - Short-term support for soybean prices is expected from import costs, while long-term trends are anticipated to improve as Brazilian soybeans come to market [35]. Wheat - The USDA report predicts a global wheat production increase of 4.36 million tons (approximately +0.52%) for the 25/26 season, with the ending stocks-to-use ratio increasing by 0.37 percentage points to 33.77% [47][48]. - Domestic wheat prices are expected to stabilize at low levels, with current prices at 2,515 yuan per ton, reflecting a month-on-month decrease of 0.15% [50]. Beef - The USDA forecasts a decrease in U.S. beef production for 2026, with prices expected to rise by approximately 5.1% year-on-year [3][19]. - Domestic beef prices are anticipated to maintain an upward trend due to reduced production capacity and lower imports [3][19]. Dairy - The USDA predicts a slight reduction in U.S. milk ending stocks, with prices expected to remain favorable due to a contraction in domestic dairy cow capacity [3][24]. - The interplay between meat and dairy sectors is expected to drive a recovery in dairy prices [3][24]. Pork - The USDA projects a 2.69% increase in U.S. pork production for 2026, with prices expected to remain stable at high levels [4][28]. - Domestic breeding sow capacity is being managed to support industry profitability [4][29]. Poultry - U.S. chicken production is expected to recover, with prices projected to perform well due to improved consumer demand [6][30]. - Domestic egg supply is anticipated to be ample, with a year-on-year increase in ending stocks by 23.5% [6][33]. Investment Recommendations - Recommended stocks include leading companies in the livestock, pork, poultry, and pet sectors, such as YouRan Agriculture and MuYuan [5][8].

Group 1: Key Recommendations - The Spring Festival stocking has started, with a resonance in the meat and dairy cycle, which is expected to boost the performance of food companies in Q1 due to delayed stocking caused by the festival's timing this year [5][6] - Frozen products are entering a peak sales season, with leading companies experiencing reduced competition, and income growth in Q1 is anticipated to increase due to extended stocking time and weather factors [5][6] - E-commerce activities for the Spring Festival have been extended, benefiting the demand for snacks and other stocking needs [5] Group 2: Industry Dynamics - The average price of fresh milk as of January 8 is 3.02 yuan/kg, showing a week-on-week decrease of 0.3%, marking a continuous decline for over four years [6] - The price of culling cows is 19.88 yuan/kg, up 2.2% from the beginning of the year, indicating a gradual shift in supply and demand dynamics in the industry [6] - Companies like Yuanji Food and Jinxing Beer have submitted listing applications, with projected revenues for Yuanji Food of 2.026 billion yuan in 2023 and 2.561 billion yuan in 2024, and Jinxing Beer expecting revenues of 356 million yuan in 2023 and 730 million yuan in 2024 [7] Group 3: Market Performance - The food and beverage sector saw a decline of 2.10%, underperforming the CSI 300 index by 1.53 percentage points, ranking 25th among 31 first-level sectors [6] - The overall market performance showed mixed results, with the Shanghai Composite Index closing at 4114 points, up 0.29%, while the Shenzhen Component Index and ChiNext Index displayed varied performances [20][21] - The average daily trading volume was 34.283 billion yuan, indicating increased market activity compared to the previous value of 28.287 billion yuan [12]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Overweight" indicating a positive outlook for the sector in the next six months [1]. Core Insights - The food and beverage industry is expected to benefit from the extended Chinese New Year stocking period, which may lead to improved performance in Q1 2026 [5]. - The raw milk price has been stabilizing at a low level, with the average price at 3.02 CNY/kg as of January 8, 2026, indicating a potential turning point in supply and demand dynamics [5]. - The secondary market performance showed a decline of 2.10% in the food and beverage sector, underperforming the CSI 300 index by 1.53 percentage points [10]. Summary by Sections 1. Secondary Market Performance - The food and beverage sector ranked 25th among 31 sectors, with all sub-sectors under pressure, particularly health products which saw a smaller decline of 0.72% [10]. - The top five performing stocks included CITIC Nia, Good Idea, and others, with gains ranging from 5.05% to 8.85% [10]. 2. Major Consumer Goods and Raw Material Prices - As of January 9, 2026, the retail price of fresh milk was 12.18 CNY/liter, and yogurt was 15.88 CNY/kg, showing slight weekly increases [26]. - The price of live pigs was 12.78 CNY/kg, with a weekly increase of 1.19% but a year-on-year decrease of 18.91% [26]. 3. Industry Dynamics - Yuanji Food Group and Jinxing Beer have submitted applications for listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, with projected revenues of 2.026 billion CNY and 3.56 billion CNY respectively for 2023 [53]. - The dairy farming sector in Shandong is experiencing a recovery in raw milk prices, with a reported average cost of 3.34 CNY/kg for dairy farming [54].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Overweight" indicating a positive outlook for the sector relative to the market index [1]. Core Insights - The food and beverage industry is expected to benefit from the extended Chinese New Year stocking period, which may lead to improved performance in Q1 2026 [5]. - The raw milk price has been stabilizing at a low level, with the average price at 3.02 CNY/kg as of January 8, 2026, indicating a potential turning point in supply and demand dynamics [5]. - The secondary market performance showed a decline of 2.10% in the food and beverage sector, underperforming the CSI 300 index by 1.53 percentage points [10]. - Key companies such as Yuanji Food and Jinxing Beer have submitted applications for listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, indicating growth and expansion in the sector [53]. Summary by Sections 1. Secondary Market Performance - The food and beverage sector experienced a decline of 2.10%, ranking 25th among 31 sectors [10]. - The top five gainers included CITIC Nia, Good Idea, and others, with gains ranging from 5.05% to 8.85% [10]. 2. Major Consumer Goods and Raw Material Prices - As of January 9, 2026, the retail price of fresh milk was 12.18 CNY/liter, and yogurt was 15.88 CNY/kg, showing slight increases [26]. - The price of live pigs was 12.78 CNY/kg, with a week-on-week increase of 1.19% [26]. 3. Industry Dynamics - Yuanji Food reported revenues of 2.026 billion CNY and 2.561 billion CNY for 2023 and 2024, respectively, with a net profit increase of 31% in the first nine months of 2025 [53]. - Jinxing Beer achieved revenues of 3.56 billion CNY and 7.30 billion CNY for 2023 and 2024, respectively, with a significant increase in net profit [53].

Group 1: AI Industry Investment Insights - The article analyzes historical technology bull markets to provide insights into the current AI industry investment phase, emphasizing the importance of historical patterns for future investment decisions [3][4] - It identifies two key phases in technology bull markets: valuation expansion and profit-driven periods, highlighting the characteristics of stock price performance during these phases [3][5] Group 2: Valuation Expansion Phase - During the valuation expansion phase, new technologies emerge without profit support, leading to increased valuations driven by industry and policy catalysts [4] - Historical data shows that high industry crowding indicators are common, but the likelihood of price corrections increases within 20 trading days after reaching extreme values, while longer-term trends tend to see new highs [4] - Risk premium is a better measure for valuation boundaries; when the industry risk premium falls below one standard deviation of the rolling two-year average, the market tends to enter a consolidation phase [4] Group 3: Profit-Driven Phase - In the profit-driven phase, exceeding earnings expectations becomes the core driver of market performance, with historical examples including iPhone sales and mobile game penetration rates [5] - Valuation constraints under terminal thinking are crucial, as leading companies' peak stock prices often correspond to future three-year valuation levels around 30-40 times PE [5] - The risk of intensified competition and overcapacity during profit upturns can negatively impact profitability, signaling the end of investment trends [5] Group 4: Investment Recommendations - For overseas computing power, the profit-driven phase is expected to continue, with reasonable long-term valuations around 20-30 times PE, indicating no bubble [6] - Domestic computing power is in the valuation expansion phase, with low risk premiums suggesting that the next market movement may depend on performance realization or systemic declines in risk-free rates [6] - AI applications are also in the valuation expansion phase, with high valuation potential but challenges in predicting the timing and areas of successful applications [6]

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of safeguard measures for imported beef is expected to boost domestic demand, leading to a sustained upward trend in the beef cattle industry [1][4]. Group 1: Import Beef Safeguard Measures - The Ministry of Commerce has announced safeguard measures for imported beef, which will include a 55% tariff on imports outside of the quota starting January 1, 2026 [2][4]. - The total quota for major supplying countries will be reduced by nearly 6% in 2026, with Brazil and Australia facing quota reductions of over 20% [3][4]. - The safeguard measures will last for three years, with annual quota limits gradually relaxed, and unused quotas cannot be carried over to the next year [2][3]. Group 2: Domestic Market Impact - In the first half of 2025, beef imports decreased by 9.5% year-on-year to 1.302 million tons, while live cattle and beef prices have rebounded approximately 20% and 10% from previous lows [4]. - The domestic beef demand is expected to be stimulated by the implementation of the safeguard measures and the reduction in the number of breeding cows [4]. - The beef cattle industry is anticipated to experience a continued upward cycle due to the combined effects of stable raw milk prices and reduced supply-side pressures [2][4].

Investment Rating - The report assigns an "Accumulate" rating for the dairy industry, indicating a positive outlook for investment opportunities [5]. Core Insights - The report highlights that the stabilization of raw milk prices and the expected upward trend in 2026 are driven by the reduction in supply-side expansion and decreased breeding stock, alongside the release of processing capacity on the demand side. The domestic beef demand is anticipated to be boosted by the implementation of import beef safeguard policies, leading to a sustained upward cycle in the beef industry [2][4]. Summary by Sections Investment Recommendations - The report suggests that the dairy industry will benefit from the easing of supply-side pressures and a reduction in breeding stock, with a strong likelihood of an upward trend in profitability for leading companies such as YouRan Dairy and Modern Farming [4][7]. Import Beef Safeguard Measures - The report details that starting January 1, 2026, a 55% tariff will be imposed on beef imports outside of the quota, with a nearly 6% reduction in quotas for major supplying countries. This policy is expected to enhance domestic beef demand and support the beef industry's growth cycle [2][4]. Beef Import Data - In 2024, the total beef import volume was 2.87 million tons, with Brazil, Argentina, and Australia being the largest suppliers, accounting for over 93% of imports. The report notes a projected decrease of 5.7% in quotas for 2026 compared to the previous 12 months, with significant reductions for Brazil and Australia [6][4]. Profit Forecast and Valuation - The report provides earnings per share (EPS) forecasts for key companies, with YouRan Dairy expected to achieve an EPS of 0.33 yuan in 2026, and Modern Farming projected to reach 0.05 yuan. The price-to-earnings (PE) ratios for these companies are also discussed, indicating a favorable valuation outlook [7].

Core Viewpoint - The Guotai Junan Zimeng team has achieved significant recognition in the food and beverage research sector, winning the title of "Best Analyst in the Food and Beverage Industry" at the 2025 Analyst Conference and the 7th Sina Finance "Golden Unicorn" Awards, reflecting their deep understanding of consumer trends and a mature research framework [1][2]. Group 1: Team Performance - The Guotai Junan Zimeng team moved from second place in the 2024 awards to first place in 2025, indicating a strong competitive potential and improvement in research capabilities [2]. - The competition landscape changed significantly, with the GF Securities team ranking second and Huachuang Securities team dropping to fourth place [2]. Group 2: Award Details - The Guotai Junan team members include Zimeng, Yan Huijing, Xu Yang, Yao Shijia, Li Yao, Cheng Biheng, Zhang Yuxuan, Chen Liyu, Li Meiyi, Pang Yuze, Miao Xin, Zhang Jiaying, Yang Liu, Yan Qinghui, and Li Yibing [1]. - The awards highlighted the top teams in the food and beverage sector, with Guotai Junan taking first place, GF Securities second, and Changjiang Securities third [3]. Group 3: Industry Insights - The Zimeng team believes that the liquor industry is currently undergoing a rapid clearing adjustment phase, with inventory levels decreasing and stock prices potentially rising amidst market pessimism [9]. - The beer industry is expected to clear earlier than the liquor sector, with increasing differentiation within the industry, suggesting investors should focus on regionally competitive beer leaders [9].