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再论中国肉牛:当前市场的三个共识与三个分歧
HTSC· 2026-03-01 07:25
再论中国肉牛: 当前市场的三个共识与三个分歧 华泰研究 2026 年 2 月 28 日│中国内地 深度研究 证券研究报告 必选消费 继我们 2025 年 8 月《肉牛步入上行周期,奶肉共振弹性可期》深度报告后, 本篇报告我们再次梳理肉牛及原奶行业最新近况,回答当前市场关于肉奶双 周期的核心共识与主要分歧。共识层面,全球肉牛供给共振收缩并启动价格 上行周期;26 年中国国内肉牛价格或迎加速上行期;奶肉共振将推动中国 上游牧业盈利修复。分歧层面,我们认为,配额结构性错配将强化中长期供 给收缩主线,供给端刚性约束力度超需求端软约束,中性情景下 28 年国内 牛肉价格有望回归上一轮周期高点(2022 年)。 共识:海外+国内肉牛或同步进入价格上行周期,牧业龙头有望受益 1)全球供给共振收缩,超级周期已启动。20-24 年美国/巴西/阿根廷/乌拉 圭等主产区先后遭遇干旱冲击,叠加中国牛肉进口增速放缓的需求压力,全 球主要产国均集中屠宰能繁母牛以缓解经营困境;受肉牛 2.5 年天然繁育周 期影响,供给缺口已于 25 年初步显现,多地活牛价格已上行。 2)26 年或是中国肉牛价格的加速上行期。预计生物资产周期滞后性、全球 ...
开源证券:首予优然牧业“增持”评级 肉奶价格共振在即
Zhi Tong Cai Jing· 2026-02-27 02:30
随着产业链深度整合、规模化牧场及奶牛单产水平均持续提升,上游产能波动放缓,奶价周期拉长。本 轮周期从2021年9月至今奶价已下行4年,累计下跌31%。供给端看,2025年9月我国奶牛存栏量相比1月 下降3.2%,牛奶产量随之增速回落,展望未来,随着饲料成本压力加大、奶价持续低位运行,牧场亏 损不断加深,存栏去化有望进一步深化,原奶产量随之实现下降。进口方面,国内大包粉仍有价格优 势,2026年进口量预计不会有显著增加。需求端看,乳制品产量已呈现边际改善,行业深加工产能即将 释放,出口大包粉及活牛的探索已逐渐落地,有望促进供需缺口进一步收窄。该行预计2026年奶价有望 实现企稳回升,届时上游牧场公司将直接受益。 全产业链龙头优势显著,肉奶价格共振有望贡献可观业绩弹性 开源证券发布研报称,首次覆盖,给予优然牧业(09858)"增持"评级。优然牧业是国内牧场龙头,规模 优势显著,公司在周期底部经营韧性十足,收入稳步增长,2025H1现金EBITDA仍保持增长。公司扩产 完成后进入稳健发展期,后续或将受益于原奶及肉牛价格同步上涨,有望充分释放业绩弹性。该行预计 公司2025-2027年归母净利-0.88、13.67、 ...
开源证券:首予优然牧业(09858)“增持”评级 肉奶价格共振在即
智通财经网· 2026-02-27 02:28
智通财经APP获悉,开源证券发布研报称,首次覆盖,给予优然牧业(09858)"增持"评级。优然牧业是国 内牧场龙头,规模优势显著,公司在周期底部经营韧性十足,收入稳步增长,2025H1现金EBITDA仍保 持增长。公司扩产完成后进入稳健发展期,后续或将受益于原奶及肉牛价格同步上涨,有望充分释放业 绩弹性。该行预计公司2025-2027年归母净利-0.88、13.67、27.68亿元,EPS分别为-0.02、0.33、0.66 元,当前股价对应2026-2027年PE为13.1、6.5倍。 开源证券主要观点如下: 公司业绩弹性主要来自于原奶价格和肉牛价格的上涨,假设其他因素不变,经测算中性假设若行业奶价 上涨3.5%,公司毛利润实现增量4.6亿元,同时成母牛估值有望提升;若肉牛价格上涨10%,淘牛亏损将 收窄1.1亿元。 随着产业链深度整合、规模化牧场及奶牛单产水平均持续提升,上游产能波动放缓,奶价周期拉长。本 轮周期从2021年9月至今奶价已下行4年,累计下跌31%。供给端看,2025年9月我国奶牛存栏量相比1月 下降3.2%,牛奶产量随之增速回落,展望未来,随着饲料成本压力加大、奶价持续低位运行,牧场亏 损 ...
现代牧业(1117.HK):双周期演进路径清晰且盈利弹性可期
Ge Long Hui· 2026-02-26 06:57
25 年复盘:周期底部磨底,现金盈利韧性凸显1) 营收端,公司25H1 实现营收60.7 亿元(同 比-5.4%),其中原料奶业务收入50.7 亿元(同比-0.8%);受原奶均价同比下跌拖累,但公司依托年化 单产的行业领先优势,实现量增有效对冲价跌压力;我们预计25年全年原奶产量达中高个位数增长,全 年原奶业务收入或实现低单位数增长,规模效应持续显现。 2) 利润端,25H1 归母净利润亏损9.8 亿元,主因原奶价格弱势导致生物资产公允价值变动产生大额非 现金账面亏损;剔除非现金因素影响后,25H1 现金EBITDA 14.8 亿元(同比-2.5%);随下半年淘牛价 格逐步抬升、重估损失有望环比改善,我们预计25 年报表端亏损收窄。 26 年展望:周期复苏启势,奶肉共振有望释放盈利弹性中性假设下,我们预计26 年原奶供需紧平衡、 奶价企稳回升,肉牛价格继续上行,叠加收购中国圣牧有望26 年完成交割,公司有望实现盈利改善: 1) 现金利润:我们预计26 年原奶端受益于行业产能出清后的供需再平衡,量价协同有望拉动原奶业务 收入同比实现中单位数增长;同时受益于饲料成本提前锁定下行趋势和单产稳步提升,主业盈利弹性或 ...
重视原奶产业机会-2026年可能是乳制品大年
2026-02-24 14:16
摘要 国内原奶市场面临挑战,市场占比萎缩至 15%,70%牧场亏损,饲料 成本高企(占现金成本 60%-70%),2025 年青贮玉米价格上涨加剧 养殖户压力,预计 2026 年饲料价格保持平稳略增。 乳制品需求端边际改善,2025 年前三季度产量同比波动,国家出台促 消费政策有望提振信心。长期来看,中国乳制品消费潜力巨大,深加工 产能扩张将增加生鲜乳需求。 预计 2026 年原奶行业供需紧平衡,或迎拐点。进口大包粉影响有限, 价格高于国内生鲜乳,且全球主要出口国牛奶产量预计稳定,进口量不 会显著提升。 活牛和冻精进口量减少,国内上游出清和国际供应压力减轻,预示未来 供应趋紧。肉牛市场自 2025 年触底反弹,牛肉和肉牛价格分别上涨 11%和 10%。 肉牛养殖周期长,产能传导滞后,本轮肉牛上行周期明确,供需错配加 剧和上游出清将推动肉价上涨,前期亏损推动上游深度去化,为后续市 场提供支撑。 Q&A 2026 年原奶价格的趋势展望如何? 2026 年原奶价格有望迎来拐点。首先,从供给端来看,国内上游的出清已经 持续多年,奶价自下跌以来已累计下降超过 30%,导致大量养殖场户亏损严重, 尤其是社会化牧场,其经营 ...
节后淡季来临,猪价或延续跌势:农林牧渔
Huafu Securities· 2026-02-24 14:14
行 华福证券 农林牧渔 2026 年 02 月 24 日 业 研 究 农林牧渔 节后淡季来临,猪价或延续跌势 投资要点: 行 业 定 期 报 告 生猪养殖:节后淡季来临,猪价或延续跌势。(1)节后猪价下探。春 节多数屠企停工放假,生猪购销基本停滞,随假期步入尾声,养殖企业陆 续恢复出栏,市场购销恢复,猪价开启回落,2 月 23 日猪价回落至 11.26 元/公斤,较 2 月 13 日-0.4 元/公斤。(2)消费淡季来临,节后宰量处于低 位水平。随假期步入尾声,多数屠企已陆续开工,当前宰量处于低位水平, 收购顺畅度高,采购难度不大。2 月 23 日样本企业日屠宰量 9.20 万头,较 节前 2 月 13 日下降 64%。冻品方面,春节前屠企加快消化冻品库存。截至 2 月 12 日当周,行业冻品库存率 17.18%,周环比-4.08pct。(3)生猪均重 季节性下降。节前规模场增量降重,散户与二次育肥出栏积极,集中出栏 带动生猪出栏均重下降。2 月 12 日当周,行业生猪出栏均重 126.05 公斤(周 环比-1.35 公斤),其中集团场均重 122.62 公斤(周环比-0.72 公斤)、散 户均重 139.6 ...
美国农业部(USDA)月度供需报告数据分析专题:美国 2026 年牛价景气预计维持,基于南美丰产再上调全球大豆期末库存-20260224
Guoxin Securities· 2026-02-24 12:54
证券研究报告 | 2026年02月23日 2026年02月24日 美国农业部(USDA)月度供需报告数据分析专题 优于大市 美国 2026 年牛价景气预计维持,基于南美丰产再上调全球大豆期末库存 种植链农产品:底部盘整,等待上行。 1)玉米:全球产量预估环比调增,供需格局维持宽松。USDA2 月供需报告 预计 25/26 产季全球期末库销比环比调减 0.17pcts,中国期末库销比未 作调整。目前国内玉米价格已处于历史周期底部位置,中长期供需平衡 趋于收紧,后续预计价格底部支撑较强。 2)大豆:价格处于历史低位,静待周期底部反转。USDA2 月供需报告预计 25/26 产季全球期末库销比环比调增 0.15pcts 至 29.55%。近期国内豆 粕价格表现震荡企稳,短期,进口成本对大豆及豆粕现货价格仍有较好 支撑,中长期,2026 年 3 月后巴西大豆将陆续上量,关注后续南美天气 扰动、贸易与生物燃料政策的潜在催化。 3)小麦:国内小麦供应充足,预计后续底部震荡。USDA2 月供需报告预计 全球供给维持充裕,最终25/26 产季全球期末库销比环比调减 0.10pcts。 中国小麦 25/26 年度期末库销比未作 ...
现代牧业:双周期演进路径清晰且盈利弹性可期-20260224
HTSC· 2026-02-24 10:20
Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" with a target price of HKD 1.90, reflecting a valuation premium due to its leading position in the domestic livestock industry and expected profit elasticity under the dual-cycle resonance [5][4]. Core Insights - The company is positioned at the core of the dairy industry's upstream sector, with a clear and steadily improving cyclical evolution path. It is expected to be at the bottom of the industry cycle in 2025, with marginal recovery in beef prices and low raw milk prices. The apparent profit losses in the company's financial statements are gradually narrowing, showcasing cash profit resilience [1][5]. - In 2026, the company is anticipated to enter a phase of cyclical recovery, with a gradual start of dairy and meat resonance. This is expected to lead to volume and price recovery, impairment improvement, and potential merger synergies, collectively enhancing performance elasticity [3][1]. - The peak of the dual-cycle resonance for dairy and meat is projected to occur in 2028, establishing a "stable milk and strong meat" pattern, with the company's profit foundation continuously solidifying and profit elasticity expected to be fully released [1][3]. Summary by Sections 2025 Review - In the first half of 2025, the company achieved revenue of RMB 6.07 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 5.4%. The raw milk business revenue was RMB 5.07 billion, down 0.8% year-on-year. Despite the decline in average raw milk prices, the company leveraged its industry-leading annual yield to effectively counteract price drop pressures [10]. - The net profit attributable to the parent company for the first half of 2025 was a loss of RMB 980 million, primarily due to weak raw milk prices leading to significant non-cash losses from fair value changes in biological assets. Excluding non-cash factors, cash EBITDA was RMB 1.48 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 2.5% [10]. 2026 Outlook - Under a neutral assumption, raw milk supply and demand are expected to be in a tight balance in 2026, with milk prices stabilizing and beef prices continuing to rise. The acquisition of China Shengmu is expected to be completed in 2026, leading to profit improvement [3][10]. - The company anticipates that the raw milk business revenue will achieve mid-single-digit growth year-on-year in 2026, benefiting from the downward trend in feed costs and steady yield improvement. If the subsequent acquisition proceeds smoothly, the herd size will increase from 470,000 to over 610,000, further releasing scale effects and synergy [10][3]. Profit Forecast and Valuation - The profit forecast has been adjusted upwards, with expected EPS for 2025, 2026, and 2027 at RMB -0.14, RMB 0.09, and RMB 0.17 respectively, reflecting increases of 14% for both 2025 and 2026, and 22% for 2027 [4]. - The estimated tax-pre profit increment from the meat and milk cycle reversal from 2025 to 2028 is approximately RMB 3.1 billion [3].
现代牧业(01117):双周期演进路径清晰且盈利弹性可期
HTSC· 2026-02-24 09:34
Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" with a target price of HKD 1.90, reflecting a valuation premium due to its leading position in the industry and expected profit elasticity under the dual-cycle resonance [5][4]. Core Insights - The company is positioned as a core leader in the upstream dairy industry, with a clear and steadily improving cyclical evolution path. It is expected to be at the bottom of the industry cycle in 2025, with marginal recovery in beef prices and low raw milk prices. The apparent profit losses are gradually narrowing, showcasing cash profit resilience [1][5]. - In 2026, the company is anticipated to enter a phase of cyclical recovery, with a gradual initiation of dairy and meat resonance. This is expected to lead to volume and price recovery, impairment improvement, and potential merger synergies, collectively enhancing performance elasticity [3][1]. - The peak of the dual-cycle resonance for dairy and meat is projected to occur in 2028, establishing a "stable dairy and strong meat" pattern, with a solid foundation for profitability and significant profit elasticity expected to be released [3][1]. Summary by Sections 2025 Review - In the first half of 2025, the company achieved revenue of RMB 6.07 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 5.4%. The raw milk business revenue was RMB 5.07 billion, down 0.8% year-on-year. Despite the decline in raw milk prices, the company leveraged its industry-leading annual yield to effectively counteract price drop pressures [10]. - The net profit attributable to the parent company for the first half of 2025 was a loss of RMB 980 million, primarily due to weak raw milk prices leading to significant non-cash losses from fair value changes in biological assets [10]. 2026 Outlook - Under a neutral assumption, it is expected that raw milk supply and demand will be in a tight balance in 2026, with milk prices stabilizing and beef prices continuing to rise. The acquisition of China Shengmu is anticipated to be completed in 2026, leading to profit improvement [3][10]. - The company is expected to achieve a mid-single-digit growth in raw milk business revenue in 2026, benefiting from the downward trend in feed costs and steady yield improvements. If the acquisition proceeds smoothly, the herd size will increase from 470,000 to over 610,000, further enhancing scale effects and synergy [10][3]. Profit Forecast and Valuation - The profit forecast has been adjusted upwards, with expected EPS for 2025, 2026, and 2027 at RMB -0.14, RMB 0.09, and RMB 0.17 respectively, reflecting increases of 14% for both 2025 and 2026, and 22% for 2027 [4]. - The estimated tax-pre profit increment from the meat and dairy cycle reversal from 2025 to 2028 is approximately RMB 3.1 billion [3].
农产品研究跟踪系列报告(195):奶牛存栏节后有望维持去化,石化链涨价或带动橡胶价格
Guoxin Securities· 2026-02-23 07:33
证券研究报告 | 2026年02月22日 2026年02月23日 农产品研究跟踪系列报告(195) 优于大市 奶牛存栏节后有望维持去化,石化链涨价或带动橡胶价格 原奶:奶牛去化有望延续,原奶价格 2026 年或迎拐点。2026 年 2 月 5 日, 国内主产区原奶均价为 3.04 元/kg,周度环比持平,同比-2.56%。 周度农产品跟踪:年内肉奶周期有望共振反转,反内卷支撑中长期生猪价格。 生猪:反内卷有望支撑猪价中长期表现。2026 年 2 月 14 日生猪价格 11.61 元/公斤,周环比-2.60%;7kg 仔猪价格约 357.14 元/头,周环比-0.13%。 白鸡:供给小幅增加,关注旺季消费修复。2026 年 2 月 14 日,鸡苗价格 2.33 元/羽,周环比+18.27%;毛鸡价格 7.32 元/公斤,周环比+0.27%。 黄鸡:供给维持底部,有望率先受益内需改善。2026 年 2 月 10 日浙江快大 三黄鸡/青脚麻鸡/雪山草鸡斤价分别为 4.7/4.4/5.6 元,周环比分别 +2.17%/-6.38%/+0.00%。 豆粕:估值处于历史低位,关注潜在天气或贸易端催化。2026 年 2 月 ...