证 券 研 究 报 告 南京证券（601990）深度研究报告 推荐（首次） 业务矩阵齐发力，区域国资强赋能 目标价：9.45 元 [ReportFinancialIndex] 主要财务指标 | | 2024A | 2025E | 2026E | 2027E | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 营业总收入(百万) | 3,147 | 3,315 | 3,629 | 3,894 | | 同比增速(%) | 27% | 5% | 9% | 7% | | 归母净利润(百万) | 1,002 | 1,242 | 1,369 | 1,462 | | 同比增速(%) | 48% | 24% | 10% | 7% | | 每股盈利(元) | 0.27 | 0.34 | 0.37 | 0.40 | | 市盈率(倍) | 29.4 | 23.6 | 21.4 | 20.0 | | 市净率(倍) | 1.64 | 1.57 | 1.51 | 1.46 | 资料来源：公司公告，华创证券预测 注：股价为 2025 年 12 月 24 日收盘价 公司研究 证券Ⅲ 2025 年 12 月 25 日 | ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the current high valuation levels across various industries and indices in the A-share market, indicating potential investment risks due to elevated PE ratios and the Buffett indicator being above the safe zone [1][6][7]. Valuation Levels - The PE valuation (TTM) for steel, coal, electronics, retail, computing, and real estate industries are at historical percentiles of 80.08%, 81.60%, 86.36%, 94.77%, 95.27%, and 97.74% respectively, suggesting caution for investors [8]. - The Buffett indicator for the A-share market stands at 87.95%, which is considered relatively high and above the safe zone [6][22]. - Major broad market indices such as the North Securities 50, Shanghai 50, Shanghai Index, Sci-Tech 50, and China A100 have PE valuations (TTM) at percentiles of 82.85%, 88.31%, 91.89%, 95.53%, and 98.68% respectively, indicating high valuation levels [7]. Industry-Specific Insights - Non-bank financials and food & beverage sectors have PE valuations (TTM) below the 20th percentile of the past decade, at 3.02% and 13.25% respectively, making them areas of potential interest [8]. - The overall market PE valuation averages around 15.95 times, with the Shanghai market showing a total market capitalization of approximately 628.83 billion [18][25]. Index Valuation Performance - The current PE valuation levels for various indices indicate that most are above 20%, with significant declines noted in some indices such as the ChiNext Index and the Shanghai Composite Index [26][27]. - The PB valuation levels for major indices also reflect a similar trend, with the Shanghai Index at 1.12 and the Shenzhen Component Index at 1.75, both showing a decrease [28][30]. Industry Valuation Levels - The PE valuation levels across various industries show significant variation, with sectors like agriculture, steel, and electronics having valuations of 14.95, 5.69, and 79.76 respectively, indicating differing levels of market confidence [32]. - The PB valuation levels for industries such as steel and electronics are at 0.73 and 1.92 respectively, suggesting a mixed outlook across sectors [36].

Core Viewpoint - The current valuation levels of the A-share market indicate potential investment opportunities and risks, particularly in the non-bank financial and food and beverage sectors, which are currently undervalued compared to their historical averages [1][6]. Valuation Levels - The current Buffett Indicator for A-shares stands at 89.92%, indicating a relatively high valuation compared to historical data [6][21]. - Major broad market indices have PE (TTM) valuations above 20%, with specific indices like the Shenzhen Component Index and CSI 300 at 80.70% and 86.50% historical percentiles, respectively, suggesting caution due to high valuations [7][19]. - Non-bank financial and food and beverage sectors have PE (TTM) valuations at 5.78% and 14.57% historical percentiles, respectively, making them areas of focus for potential investment [7][31]. Industry Valuation Levels - The steel, coal, electronics, computer, real estate, and retail sectors have PE (TTM) valuations at 81.52%, 81.60%, 86.09%, 95.02%, 98.64%, and 98.97% historical percentiles, indicating higher investment risks in these areas [7][31]. - The food and beverage sector shows a PE (TTM) valuation of 16.52, with a recent increase of 5.99%, suggesting a positive trend [31]. - The banking sector has a low PE (TTM) valuation of 4.31, indicating potential undervaluation compared to other sectors [31]. Market Overview - The total market capitalization for the Shanghai market is approximately 645.14 billion, with an average PE ratio of 16.36 [18]. - The Shenzhen market has a total market capitalization of around 426.13 billion, with an average PE ratio of 31.13, reflecting a significant difference in valuation between the two markets [19].

Investment Rating - The report assigns an "Outperform" rating to the company [4][13]. Core Insights - The company's revenue for the first three quarters of 2025 was 23.99 billion RMB, a decrease of 41.48% year-on-year, with a net profit loss of 4.49 billion RMB attributed to lower project scale and declining gross profit margin [14][15]. - The report forecasts EPS for 2025-2027 at -1.13, -0.49, and 0.02 RMB, indicating potential future recovery in profitability [4][13]. - The target price is set at 5.37 RMB based on a price-to-book (PB) ratio of 0.45, reflecting a cautious approach due to ongoing industry stabilization [4][13]. Financial Summary - Total revenue is projected to decline from 98.13 billion RMB in 2023 to 54.10 billion RMB in 2025, representing a decrease of 28.2% [3]. - The net profit attributable to shareholders is expected to shift from a profit of 888 million RMB in 2023 to a loss of 5.09 billion RMB in 2025 [3]. - The operating cash flow for the first three quarters of 2025 was -1.47 billion RMB, down 118.8% year-on-year, primarily due to reduced sales [14][15]. Sales and Land Acquisition - The contracted area in September 2025 was 178,000 square meters, down 52.79% year-on-year, with a contracted amount of 2.23 billion RMB, down 57.12% [15]. - The company has been cautiously replenishing land reserves, acquiring new projects in cities like Wuhan, Hangzhou, and Shanghai [15]. Debt Management - As of September 2025, the company successfully navigated a peak in public debt, with interest-bearing debt decreasing to approximately 69.7 billion RMB, of which 98.5% is bank loans [16]. - The asset-to-liability ratio as of September 2025 was 63.57%, showing a slight improvement from the previous year [16].

Core Viewpoint - The current PE valuation (TTM) for the food and beverage and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery sectors is below the 20th percentile level of the past decade, indicating potential investment opportunities [1][7]. Valuation Historical Percentile Levels - The PE valuation (TTM) for major broad market indices is above 20%, with the Shenzhen Component Index, CSI 300, SSE 50, SSE Composite Index, STAR Market 50, Northbound 50, and CSI A100 at the 82.06%, 83.66%, 87.82%, 94.57%, 96.95%, 97.64%, and 99.59% percentiles respectively, suggesting relatively high valuations and associated risks [6][7]. Industry Valuation Levels - The PE valuation (TTM) for the food and beverage sector is at the 8.37th percentile, while agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery is at the 11.44th percentile, making them key areas for attention [7]. - Other industries such as construction materials, coal, media, automotive, steel, retail, electronics, computing, and real estate have PE valuations at the 80.41%, 81.12%, 81.71%, 82.06%, 84.86%, 87.90%, 95.43%, 97.35%, and 99.30% percentiles respectively, indicating higher investment risks [7]. Market Overall Situation - The total market capitalization for listed companies in Shanghai is approximately 638.48 billion, with an average PE ratio of 16.19 [21]. - In Shenzhen, the total market capitalization is around 425.78 billion, with an average PE ratio of 31.26 [22]. Buffett Indicator - The current Buffett indicator for A-shares stands at 89.18%, which is relatively high and above the safe zone [5][24].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" rating for the real estate sector [2] Core Insights - The real estate index declined by 0.7%, ranking 26th among 31 primary industry sectors [8] - New home sales decreased by 35% year-on-year, while second-hand home sales fell by 23% [19][25] - The report highlights three key issues in the real estate market: declining new home demand, unresolved inventory, and the negative impact of land finance on the economy [32] Industry Basic Data - Total number of stocks: 107 [2] - Total market value: 12,921.51 billion [2] - Circulating market value: 12,389.50 billion [2] Sales Performance - In the 44th week, the average daily transaction area for new homes in 20 cities was 32.8 million square meters, with a total transaction area of 230 million square meters, reflecting a 6% increase week-on-week but a 35% decrease year-on-year [19][24] - For second-hand homes, the total transaction area in 11 cities was 197 million square meters, with a daily average of 28.2 million square meters, showing a 4% decrease week-on-week and a 23% decrease year-on-year [25][30] Policy News - Recent policies include adjustments to housing provident fund loan standards in Hainan, increasing the maximum repayment capacity ratio from 55% to 60% [14][17] - In Chongqing, a proposal was made to innovate the activation of existing land and promote collective operating construction land to market [14][17] Company Dynamics - Yuexiu Group acquired a low-density land plot in Chengdu at a price of 16,500 yuan per square meter with an 11.5% premium [18] - China Resources Land won a residential land plot in Dongguan for 1.91 billion yuan, with a saleable floor price of 21,606 yuan per square meter, approximately 17% lower than the previous record [18] - Poly Developments secured a commercial and residential land plot in Yanta District for a base price of 2.341 billion yuan, with a floor price of about 8,183 yuan per square meter [18] Investment Strategy - The report suggests focusing on companies with strong product moats that are likely to exhibit strong alpha characteristics, as well as high-quality commercial real estate companies with stable rental income [33]

Core Viewpoint - The current PE valuations (TTM) for the food and beverage and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery sectors are below the 20th percentile of the past decade, indicating potential investment opportunities [1][8]. Valuation Levels - The current Buffett Indicator for A-shares stands at 85.99%, which is relatively high and above the safe zone [6][22]. - Major broad market indices have PE valuations (TTM) above the 20th percentile, with the following levels: - CSI 300: 85.47% - Northbound 50: 88.32% - SSE 50: 91.44% - SSE Composite: 95.68% - STAR Market 50: 98.07% - CSI A100: 99.51% [7][27]. Industry Valuation Levels - The PE valuations (TTM) for the food and beverage and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery sectors are at 10.23% and 10.58% of their historical levels, respectively, suggesting they are worth monitoring [8][31]. - Other industries such as coal, steel, retail, electronics, computers, and real estate have PE valuations (TTM) at 80.98%, 84.16%, 86.58%, 91.52%, 95.80%, and 99.30% of their historical levels, indicating higher investment risks [8][31]. Market Overview - The total market comprises 2,288 listed companies with a total market capitalization of approximately 617.61 billion yuan and a circulating market value of about 583.34 billion yuan, with an average PE ratio of 15.74 [18][25]. Industry-Specific Valuation Levels - The PE valuation levels for various industries are as follows: - Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry, and Fishery: 14.95 - Food and Beverage: 16.52 - Electronics: 20.31 - Real Estate: 70.11 [33][36]. Industry PB Valuation Levels - The PB valuation levels for key industries are: - Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry, and Fishery: 2.02 - Food and Beverage: 3.32 - Electronics: 1.92 [36][39].

Investment Rating - The industry maintains a "Recommended" rating, indicating a positive outlook for the industry fundamentals and expectations for the industry index to outperform the benchmark index [6]. Core Insights - The average daily signed area for second-hand houses is higher than the same period in 2020, while both new and second-hand house signed areas show significant year-on-year declines [1][18]. - The report highlights that the net rental yield and mortgage rate spread is a key observation point for total demand stabilization in both new and second-hand housing markets [4]. - The report emphasizes the importance of focusing on reasonable valuation ranges for investment, suggesting that the adjusted price-to-book (PB) ratio for the sector is approximately 1.2 times, while the top five real estate companies have an average adjusted PB of about 0.7 times [4]. Summary by Sections New Housing Market - The year-on-year decline in new housing signed area has expanded, with the current levels being lower than the past four years [8][10]. - The signed area for new houses in sample cities shows a significant year-on-year decrease of 40% [3]. Second-Hand Housing Market - The year-on-year signed area for second-hand houses has turned negative, with a decline of 49% compared to the previous year [3][13]. - The average viewing numbers for second-hand houses in 12 sample cities have decreased by 3.3% month-on-month, indicating a contraction in market activity [4][42]. Land Acquisition - The cumulative land transaction area from January to September 2025 shows a year-on-year decline of 9%, while the average transaction price has increased by 17% [21]. - The report notes a decrease in the proportion of properties with rising listing prices, indicating a tightening market [4][50]. Inventory and Market Dynamics - The report indicates that the unsold inventory and the turnover cycle for unsold properties have increased compared to July, suggesting a growing backlog in the market [31][34]. - The liquidity outlook suggests a tightening in macro-level liquidity, which may impact market conditions moving forward [48].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommendation" rating for the real estate sector [2] Core Viewpoints - The real estate sector index increased by 3% in the 40th week, ranking 4th among 31 primary industry sectors [8] - New home transactions decreased by 17% week-on-week, while second-hand home transactions saw a significant drop of 54% [2][22] - Year-to-date, new home transaction volume in 20 cities is 76.38 million square meters, reflecting an 8% year-on-year decrease [22] - The report highlights three key issues in the real estate market: declining new home demand, unresolved inventory, and the negative impact of land finance on the economy [30] Summary by Sections Industry Basic Data - Total number of stocks: 107 - Total market value: 1,233.623 billion yuan - Circulating market value: 1,183.334 billion yuan [2] Sales Data - In the 40th week, the average daily transaction area for new homes in 20 cities was 262,000 square meters, with a total transaction area of 1.83 million square meters [22] - For second-hand homes, the average daily transaction area in 11 cities was 133,000 square meters, with a total transaction area of 930,000 square meters [25] Policy News - Various local governments have implemented measures to stabilize the real estate market, including increasing housing provident fund loan limits and promoting compliance in real estate operations [17][19] Company Dynamics - China Overseas Development acquired two land parcels in Shenyang for a total of 324 million yuan, continuing to invest in the core business district [20] - China Merchants Shekou plans to issue up to 82 billion yuan in preferred shares to support 11 real estate projects, with a total investment of 456.7 billion yuan [20]

Core Viewpoint - The current PE valuations of the food and beverage and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery sectors are below the 20th percentile of the past decade, indicating potential investment opportunities [7]. Valuation Analysis - The current Buffett indicator for A-shares is 87.08%, which is relatively high and above the safe zone [5][22]. - Major broad market indices have PE valuations (TTM) above 20%, with the Shanghai Composite Index at 94.86% and the ChiNext Index at 190.32%, suggesting a higher relative valuation [6][30]. Industry Valuation Levels - The PE valuations for the food and beverage sector and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery sectors are at 7.84% and 10.96% of their historical percentiles, respectively, indicating they are undervalued compared to historical levels [7]. - Other sectors such as coal, automotive, steel, media, retail, electronics, computing, and real estate have PE valuations at 80.37% to 99.71% of their historical percentiles, suggesting caution in investment [7]. Market Overview - The total market capitalization for the Shanghai market is approximately 615.37 billion, with an average PE ratio of 15.64 [18]. - The Shenzhen market has a total market capitalization of about 416.68 billion, with an average PE ratio of 30.66 [20]. Industry-Specific Valuation Levels - The food and beverage sector has a current PE of 20.99, which is down by 4.94% [35]. - The agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery sector has a PE of 14.95, reflecting a decrease of 4.54% [35]. - The coal sector shows a PE of 12.57, with an increase of 3.22% [37].