"中国制造"与"中国消费"是中国大市场的两大基本要素。中国大市场既包括以先进制造业为骨干的现代 化产业体系，即"中国制造"；也包括以服务型消费为主导的14亿多人口的消费大市场，即"中国消费"。 一方面，我国制造业规模连续15年全球第一。2024年，我国制造业增加值占全球比重接近30%，"中国 制造"的转型升级将为全球提供巨大的创新市场、投资市场。另一方面，"中国消费"是全球增长最快的 市场之一。2024年，我国社会消费品零售总额达48.3万亿元，是2012年的2.4倍。从潜力看，我国拥有14 亿多人口、拥有全球最大规模中等收入群体，人均国内生产总值达1.3万美元以上，快速增长的中国消 费大市场将成为未来全球关注的重点和中国大市场最大增长点。 建设强大国内市场重在补齐以消费为重点的需求短板。"内需主导、消费拉动、内生增长"是大国经济的 一般特征，特别是在人均国内生产总值超过1万美元后，消费对经济增长的拉动作用将明显增强。从现 实看，消费对经济增长的贡献率有所下降。2024年，我国内需对经济增长贡献率为69.7%，其中最终消 费支出贡献率为44.5%，较2023年有所减弱。更重要的是，我国经济运行中"供强需弱"的 ...

近年来，中埃在经贸等各领域合作成果丰硕，双边关系持续深化。中国是埃及第一大贸易伙伴和进口来 源国，是对埃及制造业投资最活跃的国家之一。"对埃及来说，加强与中国的合作非常重要。作为企 业，我们希望在两国关系中发挥更积极的桥梁作用。"法塔拉表示，"中国经济韧性强，我对中国经济前 景充满信心。期待中国高质量发展带来更多机遇，进一步推动埃中高质量合作。" 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年12月04日 03 版） (责编：牛镛、岳弘彬) 总部位于埃及亚历山大的法塔拉集团成立于1948年。"我第一次去中国是在1998年。从那以后，我平均 每年去中国两次，每次停留三四周，到访了很多城市。"法塔拉对记者说。法塔拉集团长期进口中国优 质产品，旗下戈姆拉连锁批发超市受到当地消费者的喜爱，共在埃及开设了95家分店。戈姆拉还在中国 设立工厂，生产自有品牌产品。"中国工厂生产的产品质量好，且价格有竞争力。"法塔拉说。 法塔拉多次参加广交会、进博会等展会。他表示，这些展会是同世界贸易商交流的好机会，是中国搭建 的与世界共享发展机遇的重要平台，他从中感受到中国进一步推进高水平对外开放，加快构建新发展格 局的决心。"各国商界人士普遍看好中国市 ...

Core Insights - The speech emphasizes China's significant contribution to global economic resilience and trade, particularly in the context of high-level opening up and cooperation with other countries [2][3]. Group 1: Global Trade Resilience - Global trade has shown strong resilience despite challenges such as the pandemic and geopolitical tensions, with an average annual growth rate of 5.4% from 2019 to 2024, an increase of 4.6 percentage points compared to the previous five years [2][4]. - The World Bank predicts that global trade will exceed $33 trillion in 2024, marking a historical high [2][4]. Group 2: Technological and Cooperative Drivers - A new wave of technological revolution and industrial transformation is injecting new momentum into global trade, with semiconductor trade surpassing $1 trillion annually and green trade in new energy growing from $10 billion a decade ago to over $100 billion in recent years [4]. - The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and other trade agreements have strengthened multi-level economic cooperation, maintaining a stable international economic landscape [4][5]. Group 3: China's Role in Global Trade - China, as the world's second-largest economy and largest goods trader, plays a crucial role in enhancing global economic resilience by stabilizing supply chains and providing a vast consumer market, with an average annual import of $3 trillion in goods and services over the past five years [5]. - The digital economy in China is projected to contribute around 10% to GDP by 2024, with digital service exports exceeding $400 billion, highlighting its importance in global digital trade [5]. Group 4: Foreign Exchange and Investment Reforms - China is advancing deep reforms in the foreign exchange sector, with a 37% increase in foreign exchange market trading volume and a 64% increase in foreign-related income and expenditure compared to 2020 [6]. - New policies are being introduced to enhance cross-border trade and investment facilitation, including expanding pilot programs for high-level opening up and optimizing foreign exchange management for new trade formats [7][8]. Group 5: Beijing's Economic Role - Beijing has maintained a goods trade volume exceeding 3.6 trillion yuan in recent years, with a service trade growth rate of nearly 10% annually, positioning it as a key player in global economic stability [9].

Core Insights - The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) aims to strengthen unity, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation, and contribute to building a community with a shared future for mankind [2][5] - The recent SCO Tianjin Summit established a 10-year development strategy and the formation of the SCO Development Bank, enhancing regional and global stability [2] - Economic cooperation, particularly in digital economy, green development, poverty reduction, and infrastructure connectivity, is a key pillar for the SCO's growth [2] Economic Cooperation - The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor has improved Pakistan's transportation, energy, and industrial infrastructure, promoting industrialization and modernization [3] - China's practical initiatives align with the development needs of SCO member states, providing tangible benefits [2][3] Cultural Exchange - Human exchanges are vital for development cooperation, fostering understanding and trust among nations [3][4] - The SCO emphasizes cultural dialogue, youth exchanges, and think tank cooperation to enhance mutual understanding [3] Manufacturing Influence - "Made in China" products play a significant role in the daily lives of people in SCO member countries, serving as a bridge for communication and understanding [4]

Group 1 - The Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit held in Tianjin from August 31 to September 1 resulted in eight major outcomes and over 300 work achievements, highlighting China's role in global development [1] - China's GDP for the first half of 2023 was reported at 66,053.6 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 5.3%, showcasing its resilience and contribution to global economic recovery [2] - China has maintained a contribution rate of approximately 30% to global economic growth in recent years, with each 1% growth in China's economy boosting other economies' output by an average of 0.3% [2] Group 2 - The China-Europe Railway Express has surpassed 110,000 trips, connecting 26 European countries and over 100 cities in Asia, facilitating trade and economic integration [3] - China has signed 23 free trade agreements with 30 countries and regions, positioning itself as a major trade partner for over 150 countries [3] - China is set to implement a 100% zero-tariff policy on products from all least developed countries that have diplomatic relations with it, marking a significant step in promoting inclusive global trade [4] Group 3 - The Belt and Road Initiative is expected to lift 7.6 million people out of extreme poverty and 32 million from moderate poverty by 2030, with over 150 countries participating [5] - The Global Development Initiative has garnered support from over 100 countries and international organizations, with projects benefiting more than 30 million people [5] - China's development approach emphasizes cooperation and inclusivity, aiming to contribute to global prosperity while fostering its own growth [5]

Group 1 - The article discusses the intensifying competition and cooperation among major global powers, highlighting the politicization and weaponization of economic issues, leading to a restructuring of the global value chain and international division of labor [1] - Since the reform and opening up, China has experienced two typical stages in the global value chain: initial entry into the global value chain and dual embedding within it [1][2] - The initial stage involved China leveraging its labor advantages to engage in low-value-added manufacturing, primarily through outsourcing from multinational corporations, which allowed for the development of export-oriented economic models [2][3] Group 2 - As China's demographic dividend diminishes and Western countries adopt a "de-globalization" stance, Chinese manufacturing faces pressures from both high-end production returning to developed countries and low-end production shifting to developing countries [4] - The key to overcoming low-end lock-in is to invest in advanced production factors, transforming the value chain into a learning and innovation chain, while also restructuring the global value chain to be more China-centric [4][5] - The dual embedding model allows Chinese enterprises to cluster in industrial parks, enhancing their ability to upgrade products and processes through shared resources and services [5] Group 3 - The restructuring of the global value chain post-US-China trade tensions is characterized by shorter, more regionalized supply chains and a steeper "smile curve," reflecting a shift in value chain division based on geopolitical considerations [6] - Developed countries are employing various measures to hinder China's industrial upgrades, including technology decoupling and investment restrictions, which aim to reshape the global value chain under their control [6][7] - In response, China needs to shift its strategy from merely integrating into the global value chain to constructing a national value chain, focusing on building an internal demand-driven global value chain [7] Group 4 - The internal demand-driven global value chain emphasizes self-sufficiency, dynamic competition, and the extension of industrial chains, as exemplified by China's high-speed rail sector leveraging domestic demand for innovation [7] - To achieve this, China must enhance its technological innovation capabilities, improve the business environment, and strategically guide the relocation of its manufacturing sectors [7]

Group 1 - The article highlights the transformation of Tangshan from a heavy industrial city to a new landmark in intelligent manufacturing, driven by the booming robotics industry [4] - The story features a Salvadoran student, Xiao Junlong, who explores the advancements in the robotics sector in Tangshan, showcasing China's manufacturing capabilities [4] - The article emphasizes the significance of the robotics industry as a new engine for high-quality development and industrial upgrading in Tangshan [4]

Group 1: Core Themes of the Forum - The 2025 Summer Davos Forum in Tianjin focused on "New Era Entrepreneurial Spirit" with over 1700 global participants discussing five main topics: "Interpreting the Global Economy," "China Outlook," "Industries in Transformation," "Investing in Humanity and the Earth," and "New Energy and Materials" [1] - The forum highlighted the increasing global attention on China's innovation ecosystem, particularly in energy transition and artificial intelligence [3] Group 2: China's Economic Resilience - The World Bank revised its global economic growth forecast for 2025 down to 2.3%, with nearly 70% of economies experiencing a slowdown, indicating heightened global economic uncertainty [4] - Despite global economic challenges, countries like China and Ireland have seen an increase in export trade, contributing positively to their economic development [4][5] Group 3: Opportunities in China - The trend of globalization is expected to continue, relying on enhanced cooperation among governments [6] - China's Belt and Road Initiative has been praised for its role in boosting economic development in countries like Egypt, aligning with their sustainable energy goals [7] - The consensus among participants is that mutual benefits can be achieved through international cooperation, with China's openness being a significant factor in its transformative story [8]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses China's resilience and strategic advantages in the face of the U.S. tariff war initiated by Trump, highlighting four key strengths that empower China to confront the world's leading economy [2][4]. Group 1: China's Strategic Advantages - The first advantage is China's unique innovation ecosystem, which combines top-down national coordination with bottom-up entrepreneurial spirit, fostering a conducive environment for technological advancements [5][8]. - The second advantage is China's investment in developing countries, particularly through the Belt and Road Initiative, which strengthens economic ties and creates interdependencies that are difficult to sever [10][16]. - The third advantage is China's competitive international market, where "Made in China" products are recognized for their quality and affordability, making it challenging for other countries to completely disengage from Chinese goods [17][19][22]. - The fourth advantage is the vast consumer base of 1.4 billion people, representing significant consumption potential that can help mitigate the impacts of the tariff war if effectively mobilized [24][25]. Group 2: Implications of the Tariff War - The tariff war is seen as a catalyst for China to enhance its self-reliance in research and development, leading to a surge in domestic innovation and technological capabilities [8][22]. - The article suggests that while the tariff war may disrupt trade, it will not lead to a complete decoupling between the U.S. and China, as many foreign entities will continue to seek Chinese products through alternative trade routes [22][28].

Group 1 - The article discusses Trump's reluctance to fully abandon tariffs against China, indicating ongoing strategic planning despite acknowledging the pain inflicted on the U.S. from the trade war [1] - A senior U.S. journalist suggests that Trump aims to pressure China into signing an unequal agreement, reminiscent of the "Plaza Accord" with Japan [1][3] - The article highlights Trump's proposed "Mar-a-Lago Agreement," which seeks to establish a new economic order that diminishes the dollar's dominance and reduces trade deficits, positioning China as a significant obstacle [3] Group 2 - The historical context of the "Plaza Accord" is provided, illustrating how it adversely affected Japan's economy, leading to prolonged economic stagnation [4][6] - The article contrasts Japan's post-WWII dependency on the U.S. with China's current position, emphasizing that China is not as vulnerable to U.S. pressure as Japan was [6][8] - Japan's current stance, as articulated by Prime Minister Kishida, indicates a refusal to make significant concessions to the U.S., reflecting lessons learned from past economic experiences [8]