证券研究报告 钢铁周报：权益底部继续修复 | 分析师 | 沈皓俊 | 研究助理 | 张轩 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 邮箱 | shenhaojun@stocke.com.cn | 邮箱 | zhangxuan01@stocke.com.cn | | 证书编号 | S1230523080011 | | | 价格表现 | | 【浙商金属】 | | 钢铁周度数据 | | （2026年1月11日） | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | 价格 | | | | 周涨跌幅 | | 年初至今涨跌幅 | | | 上证指数 | | 4 , | 120 | 3 | 8% . | 3 8% . | | | 沪深300 | | 4 , | 759 | 2 | 8% . | 2 8% . | | | SW钢铁指数 | | 2 , | 752 | 3 | 5% . | 3 5% . | | 板块 | | SW普钢指数 | 2 | 591 | 3 | 0% | 3 0% | | | | SW特钢指数 | , 4 | 929 | ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for several steel companies, including Hualing Steel, Baosteel, Nanjing Steel, and others, indicating a positive outlook for these stocks [3]. Core Viewpoints - The report emphasizes the need for deep reforms to address "involution" competition in the steel industry, with the central government advocating for a unified national market and stricter export management [2]. - The introduction of export licenses for certain steel products is expected to limit the export of low-value-added products, encouraging steel companies to upgrade to higher-end products [2]. - In the short term, low-value-added products may face adjustments, while the long-term trend will see an increase in the export proportion of high-end products, benefiting leading companies in the industry [2]. Summary by Sections Domestic Steel Market - As of December 12, 2025, steel prices have decreased, with HRB400 rebar priced at 3,250 CNY/ton, down 20 CNY from the previous week [7][16]. - The report notes a decline in production and inventory levels, with total steel production at 8.06 million tons, a decrease of 227,300 tons week-on-week [7][16]. International Steel Market - The report highlights stable price increases in the U.S. and European steel markets, with U.S. hot-rolled coil prices at 985 USD/ton, up 10 USD from the previous week [28][30]. Raw Materials and Shipping Market - Domestic iron ore prices have shown a mixed trend, with some prices remaining stable while others have decreased slightly [33]. - The report indicates a decline in scrap steel prices, with the current price at 2,080 CNY/ton, down 10 CNY from the previous week [33]. Company Valuations and Stock Performance - The report provides earnings per share (EPS) forecasts and price-to-earnings (PE) ratios for key companies, with Hualing Steel projected to have an EPS of 0.29 CNY in 2024 and a PE ratio of 18 [3].

Core Viewpoint - The steel market is experiencing fluctuations with a recent rebound followed by a decline, influenced by various production and regulatory factors affecting supply and demand dynamics [1][3][7]. Price Movement Factors Positive Factors - In October, China's rebar production was 14.34 million tons, a year-on-year decrease of 18.6% [3]. - China's automobile production in October reached 3.279 million units, a year-on-year increase of 11.2% [3]. - Chinese shipbuilding companies captured over 74% of the global container ship order market [3]. - The third round of the fifth batch of central ecological and environmental protection inspections has been fully implemented [3]. Negative Factors - In October, China's steel plate exports were 5.97 million tons, a year-on-year decrease of 22.6% [3]. - Land use rights transfer revenue for the first ten months was 24.982 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 7.4% [4]. - China's steel billet exports in October decreased by 21% compared to September, turning from positive to negative year-on-year [4]. Regulatory Impact - On November 21, 2025, the U.S. President approved a two-year exemption from coking oven regulations, which is expected to boost steel production as approximately 70% of steel production relies on metallurgical coke [3][5]. - The exemption aims to ensure uninterrupted operation of critical coke production to support national security without incurring high compliance costs [5]. Market Conditions - The market is currently cautious, with a slight increase in construction activity in northern regions and stable operations in southern areas, leading to a minor increase in funding availability [7]. - The fourth round of coke price increases has negatively impacted long-process steel companies, leading to a decrease in blast furnace operating rates [7]. - The steel market is expected to experience narrow price adjustments in the upcoming week, with a projected fluctuation range of -30 to -40 yuan per ton [7]. Price Adjustments - Chongqing Yonghang has lowered prices by 20 yuan per ton for various steel products, including high-line and rebar [8][9]. - Other companies like Maanshan Steel and Changjiang Steel have maintained their previous prices for certain products, indicating a mixed pricing strategy in the market [10][11].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for several steel companies, including Hualing Steel, Baosteel, Nanjing Steel, and others [3][4]. Core Views - The steel industry is gradually entering the off-season, with differentiated performance among various products. Steel production and apparent consumption are both declining, indicating seasonal characteristics. Inventory reduction rates are similar to previous years, but absolute inventory levels remain high. Steel mill profits are at low levels, and a seasonal downward trend is expected in both supply and demand [3][4]. - The report highlights that the production structure is changing, with some steel mills shifting from rebar production to plate production due to weak real estate demand. This has led to an increase in plate production and a decrease in rebar production, with supply changes outpacing demand changes in the short term [3][4]. Summary by Sections Price Trends - As of November 7, 2025, steel prices have decreased, with rebar priced at 3200 CNY/ton, down 10 CNY/ton from the previous week. Hot-rolled and cold-rolled prices also saw declines of 60 CNY/ton and 50 CNY/ton, respectively [1][10]. Production and Inventory - Total steel production for the week was 8.57 million tons, a decrease of 185,500 tons from the previous week. Social inventory decreased by 20,400 tons to 10.7383 million tons, while steel mill inventory fell by 80,900 tons [2][3]. Profitability - Steel mill profits have declined, with rebar, hot-rolled, and cold-rolled margins decreasing by 7 CNY/ton, 38 CNY/ton, and 10 CNY/ton, respectively. Electric arc furnace steel margins also fell by 14 CNY/ton [1][3]. Investment Recommendations - The report recommends several stocks, including Hualing Steel, Baosteel, Nanjing Steel, and others, highlighting their potential for recovery in profitability due to capacity regulation and precise management [3][4].

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided Group 2: Core Viewpoints of the Report - The steel market is in a state of weak balance with supply and demand, and the cost still provides support. Next week, steel prices may adjust within a narrow range, and the pattern of repeated ups and downs will continue. The market should be treated as weakly volatile, and patiently wait for opportunities for a bottom - rebound [29]. Group 3: Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. This Week's Market Review - Market sentiment was average, with the game between long - and short - term factors and fundamentals. This week, steel prices showed a volatile downward trend, and the price center of gravity shifted down compared with last week. The national average price of rebar decreased by 8 yuan/ton, and the average price of high - speed wire decreased by 9 yuan/ton. Except for a slight increase in the Northeast region, all other regions declined slightly, with a decline ranging from 10 - 30 yuan/ton [2][3] 2. Macro and Industrial News - The "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting High - Quality Urban Development" was released, supporting the construction of world - class city clusters in the Beijing - Tianjin - Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Guangdong - Hong Kong - Macao Greater Bay Area. The Ministry of Commerce will introduce policies to expand service consumption next month and has formulated policies to promote service exports. From January to July this year, the national issuance of new local government bonds was 331.59 billion yuan, and the total issuance of local government bonds was 670.36 billion yuan. From January to July, the total profit of the ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry was 64.36 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 5175.4%. In mid - August 2025, the daily output of key steel enterprises increased, and the estimated national daily output of steel also increased. As of the week of August 27, the capacity utilization rate of 523 coking coal mines decreased, and the inventory of raw coal and clean coal increased. Recently, many small and medium - sized banks announced a reduction in RMB deposit interest rates [5][6] 3. Fundamental Analysis - According to the survey of 237 mainstream traders by Mysteel, the average daily trading volume of building materials from Monday to Friday this week was 94,400 tons, lower than last week's 94,800 tons. The demand for steel in the off - season continued to be weak, downstream terminals purchased on demand, and merchants' willingness to replenish inventory was not strong. The short - term market was dominated by a wait - and - see attitude [9] 4. Market Outlook and Investment Strategies - The current steel demand is at the switching point between the off - season and peak season. Short - term demand is still weak, but there is an expectation of improvement in the medium - term. The increase in construction steel output is expected to slow down. The steel market is in a weak balance, and the cost still provides support. The steel price may adjust within a narrow range next week. From the perspective of the disk, most black commodities closed down, and the iron ore main contract rose slightly. The rebar main contract 2601 showed a downward trend, with the center of gravity shifting down. It should be treated as weakly volatile, waiting for a bottom - rebound opportunity. Investment strategies include mainly range - bound operations for single - side trading, waiting and seeing for inter - period arbitrage, volume - screw spread, and steel profit, and a wide - straddle consolidation for option strategies [29]

Price Index Overview - The China Steel Price Index (CSPI) for the week of August 11-15 is 95.46 points, reflecting a slight week-on-week increase of 0.07 points or 0.07% [1] - The long product price index decreased to 96.95 points, down 0.17 points or 0.18% week-on-week, while the flat product price index increased to 94.23 points, up 0.25 points or 0.26% week-on-week [1] Regional Price Trends - In North China, the steel price index rose to 94.41 points, up 0.29 points or 0.31% week-on-week [2] - The Northeast region saw a slight decline of 0.01 points to 93.63 points, while East China experienced a decrease of 0.13 points to 96.61 points [2] - The Central South region's index decreased by 0.03 points to 97.44 points, whereas Southwest and Northwest regions saw increases of 0.18 points and 0.50 points, respectively [2] Price Changes by Product - All eight major steel product prices decreased compared to the end of the previous month, with the largest drop in galvanized sheets and the smallest in hot-rolled sheets [3] - Specific price changes include: high-line steel at 3460 CNY/ton (down 0.65%), rebar at 3262 CNY/ton (down 0.52%), and cold-rolled sheets at 4029 CNY/ton (down 0.09%) [3] Cost Factors - The average import price of iron ore in July was 94.41 USD/ton, up 1.53 USD/ton or 1.65% month-on-month [4] - Domestic iron concentrate prices increased to 877 CNY/ton, up 5 CNY/ton or 0.58% [4] - Coking coal prices rose to 1364 CNY/ton, up 58 CNY/ton or 4.43%, while coke prices increased to 1427 CNY/ton, up 91 CNY/ton or 6.81% [4] Market Demand and Supply - Demand remains weak, particularly for construction steel, during the off-season [5] - Steel production has slightly decreased, while fuel prices for steelmaking have shown minor increases, providing some support to steel prices [5] - The market is expected to remain stable with a slight upward bias in the short term [5]

Report Summary 1. Investment Rating No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. 2. Core View In the short - term, the steel price may fluctuate and strengthen. The fundamentals need time to improve continuously. The construction steel output may continue to decline slightly due to seasonal factors, while the output of the five major steel products may rise slightly in the short - term. The bottom of building material demand may have appeared and will gradually recover later, and manufacturing demand remains resilient due to export support. However, the steel price lacks strong driving forces and is expected to stay within a certain range [29]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 This Week's Market Review This week, coking coal prices increased twice, strengthening market expectations. But due to weak fundamentals, market sentiment returned to rationality, and prices showed a volatile downward trend. The average national price of rebar decreased by 49 yuan/ton, and the average price of high - speed wire rods decreased by 45 yuan/ton compared with last week [2][4]. 3.2 Macro and Industrial News - The State Council executive meeting pointed out that policies on large - scale equipment renewal and consumer goods trade - in have achieved obvious results, and further policy support is needed to release domestic demand potential [6]. - The 1 - year and 5 - year - plus LPR remained unchanged for three consecutive months in August [6]. - The US added 407 product categories to the steel and aluminum tariff list with a 50% tax rate [6]. - In July, the wholesale volume of passenger cars reached a record high, and the production of various household appliances showed different trends [7]. - From August 11 - 17, the total iron ore inventory at seven major ports in Australia and Brazil decreased slightly [7]. - In July, the exports of iron ore and spodumene concentrate from Port Hedland decreased, while manganese ore exports increased [7]. 3.3 Fundamental Analysis The average daily trading volume of building materials from Monday to Friday this week was 9.48 tons, lower than last week's 10.23 tons. Steel demand in the off - season remained weak, with downstream terminals purchasing on demand and merchants having low restocking willingness, resulting in strong short - term market wait - and - see sentiment [10]. 3.4 Market Outlook and Investment Strategy - Supply: Construction steel output may continue to decline slightly due to seasonal factors, while the output of the five major steel products may rise slightly in the short - term [29]. - Demand: The suppression of construction steel demand by high - temperature weather continues, but the bottom of building material demand may have appeared and will gradually recover. Manufacturing demand remains resilient due to export support [29]. - Market: The overall black market closed slightly down. The rebar main contract 10 is expected to stay within the 3050 - 3250 range next week. Attention should be paid to the support around 3100 and the weekly pressure around 3165 [29]. - Investment Strategy: For single - side trading, use range - bound operations; for inter - delivery arbitrage, adopt a wait - and - see approach; for coil - rebar spread, wait and see; for steel profits, wait and see; for option strategies, use， wide - straddle consolidation [2][29].

Price Summary - Steel prices have decreased this week, with Shanghai 20mm HRB400 rebar priced at 3270 CNY/ton, down 30 CNY/ton from last week [1][2] - High-line 8.0mm is priced at 3420 CNY/ton, down 50 CNY/ton [1][2] - Hot-rolled 3.0mm is at 3420 CNY/ton, down 40 CNY/ton [1][2] - Cold-rolled 1.0mm is priced at 3830 CNY/ton, down 50 CNY/ton [1][2] - Common medium plate 20mm is at 3470 CNY/ton, down 50 CNY/ton [1][2] - Domestic ore prices are stable to rising, while imported ore prices are stable to falling, and scrap steel prices have decreased [2] Profit Analysis - Steel profits have declined this week, with rebar, hot-rolled, and cold-rolled margins changing by -58 CNY/ton, -50 CNY/ton, and -42 CNY/ton respectively [2] - Electric arc furnace steel margins have decreased by -34 CNY/ton [2] Production and Inventory - Total production of five major steel products reached 8.78 million tons, an increase of 64,300 tons week-on-week [3] - Construction steel production decreased by 37,100 tons week-on-week, while plate production increased by 101,400 tons [3] - Rebar production decreased by 58,000 tons to 2.1465 million tons [3] - Total social inventory of five major steel products increased by 264,300 tons to 10.1621 million tons [3] - Steel mill inventory decreased by 13,000 tons to 4.2383 million tons [3] - Apparent consumption of rebar was estimated at 1.948 million tons, an increase of 48,600 tons week-on-week [3] Investment Recommendations - The expansion of U.S. steel and aluminum tariffs has put pressure on steel prices [4] - The U.S. Department of Commerce has extended tariffs to 407 categories of steel and aluminum derivatives, affecting most downstream steel manufacturing [4] - Seasonal demand weakness and a vacuum in supply-side policies have led to a significant narrowing of steel mill profits [4] - Long-term capacity management remains a key focus, with a combination of market-oriented and administrative measures expected to optimize crude steel supply [4] - Recommended stocks include: - General steel sector: Hualing Steel, Baosteel, Nanjing Steel [4] - Special steel sector: Xianglou New Materials, CITIC Special Steel, Yongjin Co. [4] - Pipe materials: Jiuli Special Materials, Youfa Group, Wujin Stainless Steel [4] - Suggested focus on high-temperature alloy stocks: Fushun Special Steel [4]

Core Viewpoint - The Chengdu steel market is experiencing a fluctuating adjustment in mainstream product prices due to ongoing supply-demand contradictions, traditional off-season demand weakness, and changes in raw material costs [1][4]. Price Overview - Rebar (HRB400E 18-25mm) is quoted at 3170-3330 CNY/ton, down by 10-20 CNY/ton from the previous day, with limited high-price transactions [4]. - Medium and heavy plates (Q235B) are priced at 3870 CNY/ton for 8mm and 3500 CNY/ton for 20mm, facing downward pressure due to reduced manufacturing orders [4]. - Hot-rolled coils (Q235B/SS400) are quoted at 3420 CNY/ton for 3.0mm and 3360 CNY/ton for 4.75mm, with low demand from the automotive and home appliance sectors [4]. - Wire rod (HPB300 8-10mm) is priced at 3390-3490 CNY/ton, with general market transactions [5]. - Hot-rolled strip steel (Q235B 3.5mm*685) remains stable at 3440 CNY/ton, with a lack of strong price support from traders [6]. Market Dynamics Analysis - Demand Side: The off-season effect continues, with insufficient release of demand [6]. - Construction industry: Slow funding for infrastructure projects and limited real estate construction intensity lead to low new project initiation rates [7]. - Manufacturing: Weak demand for plate products, particularly medium and heavy plates, due to reduced downstream orders [8]. - Supply Side: High production and inventory pressures coexist [9]. - Local steel mills maintain high production levels, while external resources increase competition, leading to inventory pressure [9]. - Rumors of environmental production restrictions have not materialized, creating a contradiction between steel mills' pricing intentions and actual market transactions [10]. - Cost Side: Strong raw material prices support the bottom of steel prices [11]. - Iron ore and coke prices remain high, with steel billet costs rising to 3080 CNY/ton, compressing profit margins for steel mills [11]. - Macroeconomic and Futures Market: Policy expectations and financial attributes significantly influence the market [12]. - In July, special bond issuance exceeded 600 billion CNY, improving infrastructure investment expectations in Chengdu, but market sentiment remains cautious regarding policy implementation [12]. - Fluctuations in the futures market dominate spot market sentiment, with weak futures prices suppressing market confidence [12]. Market Outlook - In the short term, the Chengdu steel market is expected to continue fluctuating weakly [13]. - Demand Side: Insufficient enthusiasm for terminal procurement and ongoing off-season effects hinder significant improvements in transactions [13]. - Supply Side: High production levels and inventory pressures create significant resistance to price increases [14]. - Cost Side: Strong raw material prices provide support, but compressed profits may inhibit capacity release [15]. - In the long term, as infrastructure projects gradually materialize and environmental production restrictions are implemented, combined with the release of demand during the autumn construction peak, the market may see a recovery [15].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for several steel companies, including Hualing Steel, Baosteel, Nanjing Steel, and others, based on their projected earnings and valuation metrics [3]. Core Viewpoints - Steel demand is entering a seasonal downturn, with a focus on production restrictions in North China. The recent announcement of new coal safety regulations has led to rising prices in the coking coal sector. Despite high supply levels, steel mill profits are declining. Anticipation of production cuts around the September 3 military parade may temporarily suppress steel supply [3][6]. - Long-term capacity management remains a key theme, with a combination of market-oriented and administrative measures expected to optimize crude steel supply. The gradual release of new iron ore capacity is anticipated to restore profitability for steel companies [3][6]. Summary by Sections Price Trends - As of August 8, 2025, steel prices showed mixed trends. The price of 20mm HRB400 rebar in Shanghai was 3,330 CNY/ton, down 20 CNY/ton from the previous week. Hot-rolled steel increased by 40 CNY/ton to 3,470 CNY/ton, while cold-rolled steel rose by 10 CNY/ton to 3,870 CNY/ton [1][9]. Production and Inventory - The total production of five major steel varieties reached 8.69 million tons, an increase of 17,900 tons week-on-week. Rebar production rose by 101,200 tons to 2.2118 million tons. Total social inventory increased by 201,600 tons to 9.6149 million tons [2][3]. Profitability - Steel profits have decreased, with estimated gross margins for rebar, hot-rolled, and cold-rolled steel declining by 67 CNY/ton, 16 CNY/ton, and 28 CNY/ton respectively. Electric arc furnace steel margins also fell by 22 CNY/ton [1][3]. Investment Recommendations - The report recommends several companies for investment: Hualing Steel, Baosteel, Nanjing Steel in the flat steel sector; Xianglou New Materials, CITIC Special Steel, Yongjin Co. in the special steel sector; and Jiuli Special Materials, Youfa Group, Wujin Stainless in the pipe materials sector. It also suggests monitoring high-temperature alloy companies like Fushun Special Steel [3][6].