This document has been translated from the Japanese original for reference purposes only. In the event of any discrepancy between this translated document and the Japanese original, the Japanese original shall prevail. TMC has positioned the sustainable growth and the stable long-term growth of corporate value as priority management issues. Believing that in carrying this out, it is essential that it both builds positive relationships with all stakeholders, including shareholders and customers as well as bu ...

Core Viewpoint - Toyota's joint venture GAC Toyota is setting a precedent for foreign brands by collaborating with local tech giants Huawei and Xiaomi, indicating a shift in the approach of foreign automakers towards local partnerships in the competitive Chinese market [4][5][10]. Group 1: Collaboration and Market Strategy - GAC Toyota's recent event showcased a collaboration between Huawei, Xiaomi, and Momenta, highlighting a significant shift in the attitude of foreign automakers towards local tech companies [4][5]. - GAC Toyota has upgraded its partnership with Huawei to a full-scale collaboration, which may encourage other joint ventures to follow suit [5][10]. - The upcoming GAC Toyota model, the Platinum Smart 7, will be the first to integrate Huawei's DriveONE motor, HarmonyOS cockpit, and Xiaomi's ecosystem, showcasing a comprehensive tech integration [7][10]. Group 2: Market Performance and Trends - In the first five months of the year, GAC Group's total sales reached 605,225 units, a year-on-year decline of 13.48%, while GAC Toyota's sales increased by nearly 3% to 273,600 units [8][9]. - The collaboration with tech companies is expected to attract both Huawei and Xiaomi's customer bases, potentially boosting GAC Group's sales performance [10][20]. - The changing consumer preferences, with a significant portion of users opting for traditional brands over new entrants, presents an opportunity for foreign automakers to regain market share [19][20]. Group 3: Industry Dynamics - The automotive industry is witnessing a transformation as foreign automakers recognize the importance of local technology partnerships to enhance their competitiveness in the Chinese market [12][16]. - The collaboration between traditional automakers and local tech firms is seen as a rapid way to improve their smart technology capabilities, which are becoming essential in the current market landscape [14][16]. - The shift in strategy among joint ventures, as exemplified by GAC Toyota, serves as a model for other foreign automakers in adapting to the evolving market demands in China [16][20].

Core Insights - Toyota's transformation in the Chinese market is marked by a shift towards local decision-making and development, enhancing responsiveness to consumer needs [2][5][41] - The introduction of new models like the bZ5 and the success of the GAC Toyota's bZ3X highlight Toyota's renewed competitiveness in the electric vehicle sector [12][23][41] - The establishment of a dedicated electric vehicle production base for Lexus in Shanghai, set to begin production in 2027, signifies Toyota's commitment to the Chinese market [6][41] Group 1 - Toyota has been perceived as slow in electrification and intelligent connectivity, but recent model launches have revitalized its brand image [1][11] - The establishment of the "China ONE R&D" system allows local engineers to lead product development, enhancing alignment with Chinese consumer preferences [5][12] - The bZ5, developed by a local team, features advanced intelligent driving and cockpit systems, positioning it competitively in the market [14][18][22] Group 2 - GAC Toyota's bZ3X achieved significant sales milestones, becoming a top-selling electric vehicle in its category shortly after launch [23][25] - The "China Chief Engineer System" empowers local engineers to define product specifications, marking a significant shift in Toyota's operational strategy [28][31] - GAC Toyota's collaboration with tech companies like Huawei and Xiaomi enhances its product offerings and ecosystem integration [30][33] Group 3 - Toyota's financial performance in FY2024 shows a revenue increase but a decline in net profit, attributed to high investments in electrification and technology [37][38] - The company plans to leverage local supply chains to reduce manufacturing costs and improve product competitiveness [43] - The strategy aims to position Toyota as a leader in the Chinese market, with a focus on local innovation and technology integration [44]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the environmental impact of electric vehicles (EVs) compared to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, concluding that EVs are generally more beneficial for the environment despite some criticisms regarding their production emissions [4][41]. Group 1: Emissions and Environmental Impact - In cities with high EV adoption, air pollution has significantly decreased [5]. - Toyota's chairman, Akio Toyoda, claimed that 9 million EVs have the same emissions impact as 27 million hybrid vehicles, suggesting that one EV's pollution is equivalent to three hybrids [7][8]. - The production of EVs incurs a higher "carbon debt," with emissions of 11-14 tons of CO2 before they are delivered, compared to 6-9 tons for ICE and hybrid vehicles [16][21]. - EVs begin to repay this carbon debt once they are on the road, leading to lower overall emissions over time [17][18]. Group 2: Lifecycle Emissions Comparison - A study found that an EV needs to drive approximately 19,500 miles to offset its manufacturing emissions, which can typically be achieved within two years for an average American driver [21]. - Another study indicated that the break-even point for carbon reduction could be around 28,000 miles [22]. - The emissions from hybrids and ICE vehicles tend to increase over time, while EVs become cleaner as they are used [18][41]. Group 3: Regional Variations and Energy Sources - The energy mix in different regions significantly affects the emissions associated with EVs. For instance, states like West Virginia and Kentucky rely heavily on coal, while California and Texas lead in renewable energy [25][26]. - Even in less clean energy regions, EVs generally produce lower emissions than hybrids. For example, a Tesla Model Y in West Virginia emits 149 grams of CO2 per mile, compared to 177 grams for a Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid [29]. - In California, the Model Y's emissions drop to about 80 grams per mile, showcasing the benefits of cleaner energy sources [32]. Group 4: Future of Electric Vehicles - The article emphasizes the increasing share of renewable energy in the U.S. energy mix, projected to reach 43% by the end of 2024, which will further enhance the environmental benefits of EVs [25]. - Advances in battery technology, such as lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and manganese-rich lithium (LMR), are expected to reduce the carbon footprint of EV production [39]. - The potential for battery recycling could lead to a circular economy, minimizing the need for raw material extraction and further reducing emissions [37][40].

Core Viewpoint - Japanese automakers are forming alliances to develop AI and autonomous driving technologies, supported by government subsidies and policies aimed at strengthening the domestic supply chain [2][3][4]. Group 1: Government Support and Policy Direction - The Japanese government has been promoting the development of "software-defined vehicles" (SDV) and emphasizes AI-driven automotive software [3]. - Recent revisions to the "Mobility DX Strategy" include support for AI autonomous driving, focusing on AI infrastructure, talent development, and safety standards [3][4]. Group 2: Industry Collaboration - Japanese automakers are collaborating to enhance the domestic supply chain and reduce reliance on foreign technologies, particularly in critical areas like autonomous driving chips and high-precision mapping [5][6]. - The collaboration aims to share R&D resources, reduce costs, and improve efficiency by leveraging each company's strengths in sensor technology, algorithm optimization, and other areas [6][7]. Group 3: Positive Impacts of Alliances - The formation of alliances is expected to lead to significant advancements in infrastructure, such as advanced computing platforms and data centers, to meet the growing computational demands of autonomous driving systems [7]. - The collaboration will also facilitate talent development by integrating training resources and partnering with educational institutions to create specialized programs in automotive engineering and AI [7]. Group 4: Competitive Landscape - The emergence of a Japanese automaker alliance in AI and autonomous driving is likely to intensify global competition, potentially prompting European and American companies to accelerate their own R&D efforts [8]. - This shift may influence the traditional model of independent R&D among automakers, leading to more cross-industry collaborations involving parts suppliers and technology firms [8].

Core Viewpoint - Toyota and Daimler Trucks have reached a final agreement on the operational integration of their subsidiaries, Hino Motors and Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus, driven by the urgency to address decarbonization challenges in the face of stricter environmental regulations and rising competition from companies like BYD and Tesla [1][2]. Group 1 - The agreement was influenced by a sense of crisis regarding decarbonization, with Toyota's president expressing optimism about the integration after a two-year delay [1]. - Hino Motors faced financial difficulties due to compliance issues, leading to the transfer of its Hamura plant to Toyota for approximately 150 billion yen [2]. - Daimler has set a target to reduce CO2 emissions from new large trucks and trailers by 45% by 2030 compared to 2019 levels, with a more stringent goal of 90% reduction by 2040 [2]. Group 2 - Daimler's truck sales are projected to decline to 460,000 units in 2024, a 12% decrease from 2023, despite a 17% growth in electric trucks and buses [3]. - The competitive landscape for commercial vehicles has intensified, with Chinese manufacturers and Tesla emerging as significant players [5]. - Hino has recognized the need for collaboration with European companies to navigate the rapidly evolving market and geopolitical risks [4]. Group 3 - The integration of Hino and Mitsubishi Fuso is seen as a necessary step to enhance competitiveness amid a challenging environment for commercial vehicles [6]. - The delay in forming the new company has heightened the urgency for both companies to focus on the practical application of new technologies [6].

Core Viewpoint - Toyota and Daimler Trucks have reached a final agreement on the operational integration of their subsidiaries, Hino Motors and Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus, driven by the urgency to address decarbonization challenges in the face of stricter environmental regulations and rising competition from companies like BYD and Tesla [1][2]. Group 1 - The integration aims to respond to the crisis of decarbonization, with a strong sense of urgency due to increasing environmental regulations globally [1][2]. - Hino Motors has faced financial difficulties due to compliance issues, leading to the transfer of its Hamura plant to Toyota for approximately 150 billion yen [2]. - Daimler has set a target to reduce CO2 emissions from new large trucks and trailers by 45% by 2030 compared to 2019 levels, with a more stringent goal of 90% reduction by 2040 [2]. Group 2 - Despite a 17% growth in electric trucks and buses, Daimler's overall truck sales are projected to decrease by 12% in 2024 compared to 2023, indicating a challenging market environment [3]. - Toyota's support for Hino is limited, as the expected synergies between passenger and commercial vehicles have not materialized, leading to certification issues [4]. - Hino has recognized the need for partnerships to navigate the rapidly evolving market, especially in the context of geopolitical risks and competition from Chinese manufacturers [4][5]. Group 3 - The competitive landscape for commercial vehicles has intensified, with Chinese companies and Tesla emerging as significant players in the market [5]. - The replacement cycle for commercial vehicles is typically longer than for passenger vehicles, with large trucks often having a replacement cycle exceeding 15 years, adding pressure to meet environmental goals [6]. - The establishment of the new company has been delayed by about two years, raising concerns about the ability to concentrate investments and realize new technologies in a timely manner [6].

Core Viewpoint - Toyota and Daimler Trucks have reached a business merger agreement, aiming to complete the integration of their respective truck manufacturing subsidiaries by April 2026, which is seen as a strategic response to industry challenges such as electrification and stricter emissions regulations [2][3][6]. Group 1: Merger Details - The new holding company will be jointly owned by Toyota and Daimler Trucks, each holding 25% of the shares, consistent with a previous agreement [3]. - As part of the merger, Hino Motors will issue new shares and transfer its Hamura plant to Toyota for 150 billion yen (approximately 1 billion USD) [3]. - The merger is expected to create a new company with an annual sales volume exceeding 230,000 units, positioning it as a leader in the Asian truck market [5]. Group 2: Strategic Rationale - The merger is driven by external pressures including electrification, environmental regulations, and rising costs, making it difficult for single companies to bear the financial burden alone [6]. - Internally, the complementary strengths of Hino Motors in the Asian market and Mitsubishi Fuso's technological advantages in heavy trucks and electrification will enhance operational efficiency [6]. Group 3: Market Impact - The merger will shift the companies from regional competitors to global players, with over 60% market share in Japan and 35% in Southeast Asia [7]. - The combined entity plans to invest 20 billion USD in electric truck technology over the next five years, aiming for significant advancements in battery technology and autonomous driving [7]. Group 4: Future Plans - The new company plans to go public on the Tokyo Stock Exchange by April 2026, potentially raising 50-80 billion yen for smart factory upgrades and charging infrastructure [8]. - The merger signifies a broader trend in the commercial vehicle industry towards strategic alliances, reflecting the need for resource integration and collaboration in the face of market challenges [8][9].

Domestic News - The Cyberspace Administration of China released the annual list of online rumors, including "China's new energy product overcapacity" as one of the top ten classic rumors [2] - Hangzhou government issued the "Implementation Measures for the Innovative Application Management of Intelligent Connected Vehicles," effective from July 7, 2025, to promote the development of the intelligent connected new energy vehicle industry [3] - Shenzhen's mayor emphasized accelerating the development of artificial intelligence and low-altitude economy industries, aiming to gather resources and enhance growth [4] - Guangxi government announced a plan to support the replacement of old vehicles and 3C digital products, targeting a sales increase of over 38 billion yuan by 2025 [5] International News - Toyota held a shareholders' meeting where the vice president expressed support for the merger between Hino Motors and Mitsubishi Fuso [6] - Elon Musk urged the EU to expedite the approval of Tesla's Full Self-Driving (FSD) technology, claiming delays are detrimental to European safety [7] - Polestar announced plans to restart market expansion in France, aiming to make it one of its top three European markets [7] Corporate News - GAC Toyota announced a collaboration with Huawei, Momenta, and Xiaomi to create an AI ecosystem, launching new models equipped with advanced technologies [8] - Changan Automobile plans to invest over 200 billion yuan in emerging fields over the next decade, with goals to complete flying car test flights by the end of 2025 and humanoid robot applications by 2028 [9] - XPeng Motors officially launched the G7 model, which features L2-level intelligent driving assistance across its entire lineup [9] - GAC's first mass-produced flying car, GOVY AirCab, was unveiled in Hong Kong with a price not exceeding 1.68 million yuan, set for demonstration operations in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area [10] - Neta Auto announced that employees will work from home starting June 12, with office access suspended [11] - Tengshi's Z9 model is expected to begin deliveries of a new three-spoke sports steering wheel after June 20, responding to user feedback [12]

Core Viewpoint - Multiple automotive companies are facing a "panic" due to a shortage of rare earth materials, which are critical for automotive production, particularly in electric vehicles [1][2][4]. Group 1: Impact on Automotive Production - Suzuki has temporarily halted operations on some production lines in Japan due to delays in receiving rare earth component shipments from China, affecting automotive electronic systems and engine parts [1]. - The Indian automotive industry is at risk, with major manufacturers like Tata, Maruti Suzuki, and Mahindra having only three days' worth of rare earth magnet inventory left, potentially leading to widespread production halts [2]. - Ford has also paused production of its Explorer SUV due to similar rare earth shortages [2]. Group 2: Export Control Measures - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce announced export control measures on seven types of rare earth materials, effective from April 4, which has led to significant delays in obtaining export licenses for these materials [1][3]. - Only 25% of the rare earth export license applications submitted by European component manufacturers have been approved since April, causing production delays and temporary shutdowns in some European automotive companies [2]. Group 3: Importance of Rare Earth Elements - Rare earth elements play a crucial role in automotive manufacturing, especially in electric vehicles, where materials like neodymium-iron-boron significantly enhance power density, acceleration, and range [4][5]. - Each pure electric vehicle consumes 5 to 10 kg of neodymium-iron-boron, while plug-in hybrid vehicles consume 2 to 3 kg [4]. Group 4: Supply Chain Adjustments - In response to the rare earth crisis, multinational automotive companies may consider adjusting their supply chains to produce rare earth-related components in China to leverage local supply chain advantages [6]. - Companies like Tesla, Ford, and Toyota are accelerating the development of technologies to reduce reliance on rare earth magnets, with Toyota working on "rare earth-free motors" [6]. Group 5: Strategic Cooperation and Inventory Management - Experts suggest that multinational companies should maintain strategic cooperation with China rather than rush to restructure supply chains, which could incur higher costs [7]. - Increasing inventory and optimizing supply chain management for raw materials are recommended strategies to mitigate the impact of such crises [7].