华福证券 2025 年 12 月 28 日 3-5Y 中高等级利差收敛 二永债收益率大致平稳 —— 信用利差周度跟踪 20251228 投资要点： ➢ 利率债窄幅震荡短端偏强，3-5Y 中高等级信用利差收敛。本周利率债 继续震荡，中短端表现偏强，1Y 期国开债收益率较上周下行 4BP，3Y、5Y 和 7Y 期下行 1BP，10Y 期上行 2BP。信用债表现分化，3Y 和 5Y 期品种 多数跟随利率下行，中高等级品种表现略强。1Y 期 AA+及以上等级收益率 持平，AA 和 AA-级收益率上行 1BP；3Y 期 AA+及以上等级信用债收益率 下行 1-3BP，其余等级持平；5Y 期各等级信用债收益率下行 3-4BP；7Y、 10Y 期 AAA 信用债收益率下行 1-2BP，其余等级上行 2-3BP。信用利差同 样分化，1Y 期各等级信用利差上行 4-5BP；3Y 期 AA+及以上等级信用利 差下行 1-3BP，其余持平；5Y 期各等级信用债利差下行 2-3BP；7Y 期 AAA 级信用利差持平，其余等级上行 3BP；10Y 期 AAA 等级信用利差下行 4BP， 其余等级上行 0-1BP。 ➢ 本周城投债利差多 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - The investment rating for the coal mining industry is "Bullish" [2] 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Currently at the beginning of a new upward cycle in the coal economy, with fundamental and policy factors in resonance, it is advisable to allocate the coal sector at low levels [2][3][11] - The underlying logic of coal supply constraints since July still exists, and there's no need to overly worry about a significant decline in coal prices. The stabilization point of coal prices is approaching [2][3][11] - The underlying investment logic of coal production capacity shortage remains unchanged. Coal prices have established a bottom and are on a new platform, high - quality coal enterprises maintain core asset attributes, and coal assets are relatively undervalued with potential for overall valuation improvement [3][11] - The coal supply bottleneck is expected to last until the "15th Five - Year Plan". The coal sector is a high - performance, high - cash, and high - dividend asset, with high certainty in the profitability and growth of high - quality coal companies [3][12] - The coal sector has a high - dividend safety margin when it adjusts downward and upward elasticity catalyzed by the expected increase in coal prices. It is recommended to focus on the current allocation opportunities in the coal sector [3][12] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 This Week's Core Viewpoints and Key Concerns - **Core Viewpoints**: The coal economy is in the early stage of a new upward cycle. This week, the utilization rate of sample thermal coal and coking coal mine production capacity decreased. The daily coal consumption in inland 17 provinces and coastal 8 provinces increased, while non - power coal demand decreased. Coal prices showed a mixed trend. Although the current market is weak, after New Year's Day, the coal consumption support is expected to strengthen. The coal allocation logic remains unchanged, and it is recommended to allocate at low levels [11] - **Key Investment Recommendations**: Focus on three types of companies: those with stable operations and performance, those that have fallen sharply previously with high elasticity, and those with special and scarce global metallurgical coal resources. Also, pay attention to other related companies [12] - **Recent Key Concerns**: In November 2025, the total social electricity consumption increased by 6.2% year - on - year. From January to November 2025, US coal production increased by 4.1% year - on - year, and Russian coal production increased by 0.1% year - on - year [13] 3.2 This Week's Performance of the Coal Sector and Individual Stocks - The coal sector fell 0.89% this week, underperforming the broader market. The CSI 300 rose 1.95% to 4657.24 [14] - The thermal coal, coking coal, and coke sectors fell 1.24%, 0.81%, and 0.49% respectively [16] - The top three gainers in the coal mining and washing sector were Anyuan Coal Industry (6.42%), Huayang Co., Ltd. (5.01%), and Inner Mongolia Electric Power Investment Energy Co., Ltd. (2.75%) [19] 3.3 Coal Price Tracking - **Coal Price Index**: As of December 26, the comprehensive transaction price of CCTD Qinhuangdao thermal coal (Q5500) was 695.0 yuan/ton, down 7.0 yuan/ton week - on - week. The comprehensive average price index of Bohai Rim thermal coal (Q5500) was 695.0 yuan/ton, down 4.0 yuan/ton week - on - week. The annual long - term agreement price of CCTD Qinhuangdao thermal coal (Q5500) was 694.0 yuan/ton, up 10.0 yuan/ton month - on - month [23] - **Thermal Coal Price**: As of December 27, the market price of Qinhuangdao Port's Shanxi - produced thermal coal (Q5500) was 677 yuan/ton, down 34 yuan/ton week - on - week. At the production sites, prices in some areas rose or remained flat. International thermal coal FOB prices and some arrival prices fell [27] - **Coking Coal Price**: As of December 26, port and some production - site coking coal prices remained flat, while the arrival price of Australian Peak Downs hard coking coal in China rose 0.3 US dollars/ton week - on - week [29] - **Anthracite and Pulverized Coal Injection Price**: As of December 26, the vehicle - board price of Jiaozuo anthracite remained flat, while the vehicle - board prices of some pulverized coal injection decreased [38] 3.4 Coal Supply and Demand Tracking - **Coal Mine Capacity Utilization**: As of December 26, the capacity utilization rate of sample thermal coal mines was 86.4%, down 4.0 percentage points week - on - week, and that of sample coking coal mines was 84.21%, down 2.4 percentage points week - on - week [45] - **Import Coal Price Difference**: As of December 26, the price difference between domestic and foreign 5000 - kcal and 4000 - kcal thermal coal increased week - on - week [41] - **Coal - fired Power Daily Consumption and Inventory**: In both inland 17 provinces and coastal 8 provinces, coal inventory increased, daily consumption increased, and the number of available days decreased [46] - **Downstream Metallurgical Demand**: As of December 26, the Myspic composite steel price index fell, the price of Tangshan - produced primary metallurgical coke fell, the blast furnace operating rate decreased, the average profit per ton of coke for independent coking enterprises decreased, the profit per ton of steel for blast furnaces increased, the iron - scrap price difference decreased, and the scrap consumption ratio of pure blast furnace enterprises decreased [64][65] - **Downstream Chemical and Building Materials Demand**: As of December 26, the prices of some chemical products showed different trends, the national cement price index fell, the cement clinker capacity utilization rate decreased, the float glass operating rate decreased, and the weekly coal consumption in the chemical industry decreased [68][70] 3.5 Coal Inventory Status - **Thermal Coal Inventory**: As of December 26, the coal inventory at Qinhuangdao Port decreased, the 55 - port thermal coal inventory increased, and the production - site inventory increased [82] - **Coking Coal Inventory**: As of December 26, the production - site, port, coking enterprise, and steel mill coking coal inventories all increased [83] - **Coke Inventory**: As of December 26, the total coke inventory of coking plants decreased, the four - port total coke inventory increased, and the total coke inventory of domestic sample steel mills increased [85] 3.6 Coal Transportation Status - **International and Domestic Coal Transportation**: As of December 24, the Baltic Dry Index (BDI) fell. As of December 25, the average daily coal shipment volume on the Datong - Qinhuangdao Railway decreased week - on - week [98] - **Cargo - to - Ship Ratio at Four Major Ports in the Bohai Rim**: As of December 26, the inventory at the four major ports in the Bohai Rim decreased, the number of anchored ships remained unchanged, and the cargo - to - ship ratio decreased [96] 3.7 Weather Conditions - As of December 26, the Three Gorges outbound flow increased by 0.31% week - on - week [103] - In the next 10 days (December 28, 2025 - January 6, 2026), precipitation in some areas will be higher than normal, and after January 1, the average temperature in most parts of central and eastern China will turn 1 - 2°C lower than normal [103] - In the next 11 - 14 days (January 7 - 10, 2026), precipitation and temperature in different regions will show different trends [103] 3.8 Valuation Table and Key Announcements of Listed Companies - **Valuation Table**: The report provides the valuation data of key listed companies, including net profit attributable to the parent company, EPS, and PE from 2024A to 2027E [104] - **Key Announcements**: There are announcements from multiple companies, such as the share transfer of Jizhong Energy, the completion of the shareholding increase plan of Panjiang Co., Ltd., the acceptance of the application for asset acquisition by Inner Mongolia Electric Power Investment Energy Co., Ltd., the guarantee provided by Kailuan Co., Ltd., and the maintenance of the credit rating of Meijin Energy [105][106][107] 3.9 This Week's Key Industry News - Indonesia plans to impose a 1% - 5% export tax on coal from 2026 [109] - In November 2025, China's coal imports decreased by 19.9% year - on - year, with thermal coal imports increasing by 7.0% month - on - month and coking coal imports increasing by 1.3% month - on - month [109] - 8000 tons of high - quality Mongolian coal arrived in Gannan [109] - As of the end of November 2025, the national cumulative power generation installed capacity increased by 17.1% year - on - year [109]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the performance of China's industrial exports, indicating a slight decline in November 2025 while showing overall growth for the year [1] - In November 2025, the national industrial export value was 1,360.97 billion yuan, representing a year-on-year decrease of 0.1% [1] - Cumulatively, from January to November 2025, the total industrial export value reached 14,294.51 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 2.6% [1] Group 2 - The article references several listed companies in the energy and industrial sectors, including Gansu Energy (000552), New Dazhou A (000571), and China Shenhua (601088) among others [1] - It mentions a report by Zhiyan Consulting that provides a deep assessment of the industrial cloud market in China from 2026 to 2032, highlighting investment opportunities [1] - Zhiyan Consulting is described as a leading industry consulting firm in China, specializing in comprehensive industry research reports and tailored services [1]

Investment Rating - The coal industry is rated as "stronger than the market" [7] Core Views - The report emphasizes that the fundamental goal is to reverse the Producer Price Index (PPI), with seasonal demand during the "peak winter" leading to a 4.1% increase in coal mining and washing prices, contributing to a 0.1% month-on-month rise in PPI, marking two consecutive months of increase [5] - The report suggests that coal prices are expected to stabilize, with the lowest coal price in 2025 potentially being a policy bottom, and anticipates further supply-side policies to be introduced [5] - Despite weak macroeconomic conditions affecting coal demand, the rigid supply and rising costs are expected to support the bottom of coal prices, maintaining a volatile upward trend [6] Summary by Sections Coal Market Overview - As of December 26, 2025, the Qinhuangdao 5500K thermal coal closing price is 672 CNY/ton, down 31 CNY/ton week-on-week, with a year-on-year decrease of 86 CNY/ton [3][25] - The average daily output of 462 sample coal mines is 5.204 million tons, down 241,000 tons week-on-week and down 9.8% year-on-year [3][31] - The daily consumption of the six major power plants increased significantly to 843,000 tons, with a slight decrease in inventory [3][33] Coking Coal - As of December 26, 2025, the price of main coking coal at Jingtang Port is 1,740 CNY/ton, unchanged week-on-week, with a year-on-year increase of 220 CNY/ton [4][58] - The average daily output of 523 sample coking coal mines is 740,000 tons, down 18,000 tons week-on-week [4][68] Investment Opportunities - The report suggests focusing on companies with excellent resource endowments and stable operating performance, such as China Shenhua, China Coal Energy, and Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry [7] - Companies with production growth potential benefiting from the bottom of the coal price cycle, such as Yanzhou Coal Mining, Huayang Co., and Gansu Energy, are also recommended [7] - Companies with globally scarce resources and benefiting from long-term supply tightness, such as Huaibei Mining, Pingmei Shenma, and Shanxi Coking Coal, are highlighted [7]

Group 1 - The report highlights the tightening of safety and environmental regulations in the coal industry, which is expected to impact supply and pricing dynamics [4][5][6]. - Domestic coal production growth is slowing, with November coal production showing a year-on-year decline of 3.3% in Shanxi province, while overall national coal production for the first eleven months of 2025 increased by 1.4% [23][25][33]. - Industrial coal demand remains stable, but thermal power demand is experiencing temporary pressure, leading to fluctuations in coal prices [10][61]. Group 2 - The report notes that the seasonal adjustment of national railway freight rates is expected to enhance the economic viability of coal production areas and increase price volatility during adjustment periods [9]. - The report indicates that coal prices are likely to recover in the fourth quarter due to seasonal demand increases, particularly in the context of winter heating needs [10][41]. - The coal supply-demand balance shows that the top ten coal companies account for approximately 50% of total coal production, with significant production contributions from major companies like China Energy Group and Shanxi Coking Coal Group [33][34]. Group 3 - The report emphasizes that coal imports have decreased significantly, with a 12% year-on-year decline in imports for the first eleven months of 2025, particularly from Indonesia and Russia [50][54]. - The report also highlights that the coal production in Xinjiang has been growing, with November production reaching 5 million tons, a month-on-month increase of 11.6% [41][42]. - The report discusses the resilience of the steel industry’s coal demand, with low inventory levels potentially supporting price rebounds [56][60].

Group 1 - The coal mining sector experienced a slight increase of 0.1% on December 26, with Huayang Co. leading the gains [1] - The Shanghai Composite Index closed at 3963.68, up 0.1%, while the Shenzhen Component Index closed at 13603.89, up 0.54% [1] - Key stocks in the coal mining sector showed varied performance, with Huayang Co. rising by 6.10% to a closing price of 8.17 [1] Group 2 - The coal mining sector saw a net outflow of 92.22 million yuan from major funds, while retail investors contributed a net inflow of 180 million yuan [2] - Notable stocks with significant net inflows from retail investors included Xinda Zhou A, which had a net inflow of 42.99 million yuan [3] - The overall trading volume and turnover in the coal mining sector reflected active participation, with Xinda Zhou A achieving a trading volume of 601,600 shares [1][2]

Market Strategy - The Shanghai Composite Index has experienced seven consecutive days of gains, indicating a market that is entering a period of oscillation and upward movement, although the overall increase remains limited [2][7] - The report suggests a focus on structural investments rather than index-heavy strategies, recommending broad-based ETFs that reflect mid-cap blue-chip characteristics [7] - Key sectors identified for investment include advanced manufacturing, non-bank financials, technology, and cyclical industries, which are expected to attract incremental capital and serve as the backbone of the market during this upward trend [7] Industry Strategy - The coal industry is highlighted, with coking coal prices expected to rebound due to seasonal inventory replenishment by downstream steel and coking plants, which is anticipated to support prices in the short term [4][7] - The report emphasizes the importance of monitoring the coking coal sector for investment opportunities, particularly as downstream purchasing behavior shifts from a wait-and-see approach to active procurement [7] - Recommended stocks in the coal sector include Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry (601225) and Jincheng Anthracite Mining Group (601001), both rated for increased holdings [7] Thematic Strategy - The humanoid robot sector is noted for significant advancements in motion control technology, with mass production expected to accelerate in 2026 [5][7] - Recent demonstrations by Tesla and Yush Robot showcase rapid progress in humanoid robot capabilities, indicating a shift in market focus towards actual production rather than just technological advancements [7] - Companies with strong manufacturing and management capabilities in the components sector are expected to benefit from this trend, with Top Group (601689) recommended for purchase [7]

Market Strategy - The Shanghai Composite Index has experienced a seven-day consecutive rise, indicating a shift towards a market structure that favors mid-cap blue-chip stocks while maintaining a cautious approach to overall index performance [2][7] - The report suggests focusing on mid-cap blue-chip characteristics in investment strategies, particularly in sectors like advanced manufacturing, non-bank finance, technology, and cyclical industries, which are expected to attract incremental capital [7] Industry Strategy - The coal industry is highlighted, with coking coal prices expected to rebound due to seasonal inventory replenishment by downstream steel and coking plants, which is anticipated to support prices in the short term [4][7] - The report emphasizes the importance of monitoring the coking coal sector for investment opportunities, particularly as downstream purchasing behavior shifts from a wait-and-see approach to active procurement [7] Thematic Strategy - The humanoid robot sector is projected to see significant advancements in motion control technology in 2025, with mass production expected to accelerate in 2026 [5][7] - The report notes that companies with strong manufacturing and management capabilities in the components sector are likely to benefit from the rapid evolution of humanoid robots [7]

Group 1 - The "CNI Energy Sustainable Development Index" was officially launched at the "Energy Sustainable Development Seminar" held in Beijing, developed by the China Energy Research Society and Shenzhen Securities Information Co., Ltd [1][2] - The index includes 50 sample companies selected based on high ESG scores and strong profitability and growth potential, with a total market capitalization of 5.9 trillion yuan and an average market capitalization of 118.2 billion yuan [1] - The top ten companies by weight in the index account for a combined 65% of the total weight, including major players like China Yangtze Power, China Shenhua, and China Petroleum [1] Group 2 - The index serves as a "barometer" for measuring the sustainable development level of the energy industry and aims to connect industrial transformation with capital empowerment [2] - Future plans include the creation of ESG index funds (ETFs) that track the index, establishing a complete ecosystem of "standards leading - index representation - fund empowerment" to position the index as a core benchmark for ESG investment in the energy sector [2]

Core Viewpoint - The "CNI Energy Sustainable Development Index" (referred to as "Energy ESG") has been officially launched, aiming to fill the gap in the market for a specialized index focusing on the sustainable development of the energy sector, thereby guiding capital towards key areas such as renewable energy and green technology innovation [1][3]. Group 1: Index Overview - The "Energy ESG" index comprises 50 sample companies selected based on their ESG scores, profitability, and growth potential, with a total market capitalization of 5.9 trillion yuan and an average market capitalization of 118.2 billion yuan [2]. - The top ten companies in the index, including Changjiang Electric Power and China Shenhua, account for 65% of the index's weight [2]. - Since its base date of June 29, 2018, the index has achieved a cumulative return of 40%, with an annualized return of 5%, outperforming major market indices like the CSI 300 and CSI 500 [2]. Group 2: Trends in Energy Sustainability - The energy transition is entering a critical phase, with increasing attention from capital markets on the sustainable development capabilities of energy companies [3]. - Six major trends in energy sustainability have been identified, including the evolution of energy supply and demand patterns, with coal's share in power generation expected to drop below 50% by 2030 [3][4]. - The need for enhanced system regulation and energy storage capabilities is emphasized, with new types of storage solutions becoming increasingly important [4]. - The emergence of new industries and business models in the energy sector is driven by technological advancements, leading to rapid growth in areas such as smart microgrids and green manufacturing [4]. - The collaboration between electricity and carbon markets is being strengthened, with new policies being introduced to enhance resource allocation [4][5]. - The economic implications of energy transition are becoming more pronounced, necessitating a focus on optimizing system economics while ensuring a successful transition [5]. - International competition and cooperation in energy are evolving, with increased global interconnectivity and trade in new energy products like hydrogen [5]. Group 3: Company Initiatives - Changjiang Electric Power has set a target for its six hydropower stations to generate 2,959 billion kilowatt-hours by June 2024, which is projected to reduce carbon emissions by 243 million tons [6]. - China Shenhua has implemented a "mining while rehabilitating" model in its mining operations, achieving a 100% rehabilitation rate over 3,300 hectares, with vegetation coverage increasing from 20% to 80% [6].