2025年，供应链各个细分赛道在震荡中再度洗牌。成功者的路径或许相似，但失败的企业却各有各的不幸。 我们梳理了过去一年供应链企业的惨痛经历：有成立20多年的老牌企业，停工停产，创始人被现制高消费；有行业巨头，为了维持表面虚假繁荣而踩红 线，最终收到巨额罚款；还有曾经的赚钱"能手"被第二曲线拖累，苦苦挣扎。 在即将到来的2026年，面对这份来自前人的血泪教训，供应链企业也请自查、自检，莫要重蹈覆辙。 "水牛奶第一股"信披违规，收千万罚单 2025年3月，号称"水牛奶第一股"的皇氏集团收到一张巨额罚单，原因是连续多年在年报中隐瞒重大合同。依据证券法第一百九十七条第二款的规定，公 司及多位高管合计被罚1050万元。 一、对皇氏集团责令改正，给予警告，并处以400万元罚款； 四、对皇氏集团时任董事、副总裁兼皇氏数智法定代表人、执行董事、经理杨洪军给予警告，并处以150万元罚款； 五、对皇氏集团监事会主席石爱萍给予警告，并处以50万元罚款。 皇氏集团为何要隐瞒？业内人分析可能是担心这些重大承诺的披露会暴露其财务风险。 公开信息显示，皇氏集团成立于2001年，是一家以水牛奶特色乳品为核心、以光伏科技赋能乳业的综合性上市公 ...

今日新闻要点： 1、 比亚迪第1500万辆新能源车下线 12月18日， 比亚迪在济南工厂下线第1500万辆新能源汽车，车型为腾势N8L。 关注 「电动车公社」 和我们一起重新思考汽车 《今日新闻》将会每天给大家带来几条当日重磅新闻，并附上社长的简单评论。关注「电动车公社」，新能源圈大事小事 ，看我们就够啦～ 2、 岚图汽车和宁德时代签署十年深化合作协议 进的电池、优先搭载行业领先的电池技术等。 从2008年首款新能源车下线到1500万辆，比亚迪耗时17年；但从第 1000万辆到第1500万辆仅用13个月 ，平均月产38.5万辆，刷新行业纪录。今年前11 个月， 比亚迪全球销量达到418.2万辆。 比亚迪第1500万辆新能源汽车下线； 本田工厂或因半导体短缺停产； 岚图汽车和宁德时代签署十年深化合作协议； 广汽昊铂、埃安BU完成组建； 比亚迪这一成就，代表的不只是比亚迪一家车企，也是中国汽车行业的缩影，意味着 中国汽车制造业从技术追随到全球引领的转变。1500万不是终点，而是 新的起点，未来包括比亚迪在内的中国车企，还有很长的路要走。 本田工厂或因半导体短缺停产 12月18日，据共同社报道，由于半导体短缺，本田 ...

Core Insights - The global aviation industry is currently facing a crisis characterized by "demand rebound" and "supply chain bottlenecks," highlighting the necessity of building resilient supply chains, which is now deemed more critical than efficiency competition and cost optimization [1] Group 1: Supply Chain Vulnerabilities - The supply chain crisis, triggered by issues in aircraft engines, has exposed the inherent fragility of the globalized precision division of labor, stemming from extreme concentration and single-point dependency [1] - The aviation supply chain is characterized by an excessively long chain and rigid coupling failures, where delays in one segment can amplify costs and delays across the entire chain [1] - The costs of supply chain disruptions are ultimately passed down, increasing operational expenses and squeezing airline profits, which affects the long-term sustainability of the industry [1] Group 2: Pathways to Resilience - The aviation industry can learn from the automotive sector's balance between efficiency and redundancy, where companies have diversified their supply sources and strengthened strategic inventory mechanisms [2] - The semiconductor industry's approach to capacity backup and dynamic safety stock adjustments can serve as a model for the aviation sector, particularly in establishing a real-time shared and traceable network for aviation materials [2] - A transformation in the aviation industry is necessary, requiring collaboration among multiple stakeholders and a shift from a linear to a networked structure to enhance resilience against future disruptions [2] Group 3: Opportunities for China - China possesses the most complete and responsive industrial system globally, presenting opportunities to integrate into the global supply chain network during the reconstruction of aviation supply chains [3] - The challenge lies in balancing deep integration into the global system while enhancing the international influence of rules and standards, transitioning from a "participant" to a "contributor" in the aviation industry [3]

证券时报记者 王小伟 "行业利润率薄如蝉翼。"12月9日，国际航空运输协会（下称：国际航协）理事长威利·沃尔什对记者表 示，航空业整体盈利不足以覆盖资本成本，这一问题亟待解决。 沃尔什说，航空业为全球经济贡献了近4%的GDP，支撑了8700万个就业岗位，但行业利润率很低。 "苹果公司卖一个iPhone手机壳赚的钱，比航空公司运送一位旅客赚的7.90美元还多。在整个航空运输价 值链中，航空公司利润率与发动机、航电制造商以及许多服务供应商相比严重失衡。如果能重新平衡价 值链利润分配、减轻监管和税收负担、改善基础设施效率，航空公司将为经济创造更大价值。"沃尔什 表示。 航司明年料赚410亿美元 "全球航司总净利润410亿美元，创历史新高；净利率维持在3.9%与2025年持平；每位旅客平均净利润 为7.90美元，低于2023年的历史高点8.50美元，与2025年持平。"这是国际航空运输协会（IATA）12月9 日对明年全球航空业财务表现进行的预测。 按照预测，2026年航空行业总收入预计为1.054万亿美元，同比增长4.5%（2025年预计为1.008万亿美 元）。载客率预计将继续创历史新高，达到83.8%。 客运增 ...

We came across a bullish thesis on Unifi, Inc. on Value Degen’s Substack’s Substack by Unemployed Value Degen. In this article, we will summarize the bulls’ thesis on UFI. Unifi, Inc.'s share was trading at $3.45 as of December 1st. UFI’s forward P/E was 63.29 according to Yahoo Finance. ScanTech AI Systems Inc. (STAI): Revolutionizing Security with Advanced AI CT Scanners UNIFI, Inc. (UFI) appears well-positioned for a recovery after enduring one of the harshest downturns in the textile industry. Follow ...

Core Insights - The civil aviation industry is experiencing a strong recovery driven by local market growth and globalization, despite challenges from the pandemic, de-globalization trends, and geopolitical conflicts [2] - The China International Import Expo (CIIE) serves as a platform for Chinese aviation companies to establish partnerships and sign procurement agreements with global partners, enhancing cooperation within the industry [2] Cooperation and Agreements - During the 8th CIIE, the aviation sector emerged as a major player, with Shanghai P&W signing a procurement order exceeding $100 million for V2500 engine parts with IAE, marking the first deal of the expo [3] - China Eastern Airlines (CEA) signed 19 procurement agreements with suppliers from 9 countries, totaling $1.211 billion, focusing on high-tech products essential for aviation operations [4] - Honeywell announced a partnership with CEA for material procurement and maintenance, emphasizing the importance of timely material reserves for fleet operations [4][5] - Airbus secured a deal with China Southern Airlines to install the HBCplus in-flight connectivity system on 30 A350 aircraft, marking a significant step in enhancing service offerings in the Chinese market [5][6] Market Trends and Projections - The global aviation service market in China is projected to surpass North America and Europe, growing from $23 billion in 2024 to $61 billion by 2043 [6] - GE Aviation signed multiple agreements during the expo, with total orders nearing $2.1 billion, reflecting strong demand for aviation services and components [6] Industry Challenges - The aviation industry faces ongoing supply chain crises, which are expected to impact operations for several years, leading to increased costs and extended use of older aircraft [8][9] - The International Air Transport Association (IATA) highlighted that supply chain bottlenecks are delaying the production of new aircraft and parts, necessitating a reevaluation of fleet plans by airlines [8] - The rising costs and supply chain challenges are limiting airlines' ability to meet growing passenger demand, with a projected 10.4% increase in demand for 2024 [8][9] Strategic Responses - Companies are focusing on enhancing operational efficiency and reducing costs to improve performance amidst ongoing challenges [9] - Airbus's support services are crucial for operators, providing comprehensive material support and logistics services to enhance operational efficiency [9] - GE Aviation is increasing investment in its Suzhou facility to boost production capabilities, with an investment of $8.5 million planned for 2024-2025 [10]

Core Viewpoint - The automotive industry is facing renewed supply chain challenges, particularly concerning the semiconductor company Nexperia, which has become a focal point in recent quarterly reports due to its significant market share and the ongoing control disputes affecting its operations [2][3]. Group 1: Nexperia's Market Position - Nexperia, previously part of NXP Semiconductors, has a dominant position in the automotive basic chip market, holding approximately 20% of the global market share in small-signal discrete semiconductors [3]. - The company is actively expanding into emerging SiC power devices and providing specific products like analog interface chips, which amplifies the risk of supply chain disruptions [3]. Group 2: Recent Regulatory Developments - On September 29, the U.S. Department of Commerce proposed a "50% ownership penetration rule" to expand the scope of its entity list [4]. - The Dutch government imposed restrictions on Nexperia's asset and business adjustments, leading to a suspension of the parent company, Wingtech Technology's control over Nexperia [4]. - On October 4, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce issued export control notifications prohibiting Nexperia China and its distributors from exporting specific components manufactured in China [4]. Group 3: Impact on Automotive Production - By the end of October, Honda's factory in Mexico halted operations due to chip shortages, while Nissan announced production cuts at its domestic plants starting November 10 [4]. - Volkswagen and Bosch reported partial production stoppages, with Volkswagen assessing alternative procurement solutions to mitigate supply chain impacts [4]. - The delivery cycle for automotive-grade products has extended to over 12 weeks, with companies actively seeking alternative products [5]. Group 4: Supply Chain Management Improvements - The automotive industry has learned from past supply chain disruptions, enhancing inventory levels and supplier management practices [12][18]. - Companies are establishing secondary safety stock for critical chips and improving direct communication with semiconductor suppliers [17]. - Despite improvements, challenges remain due to the complexity of semiconductor manufacturing and the unpredictability of supply chain issues [18].

Core Insights - Nexperia's supply shortage has led Nissan to reduce production of its popular SUV model Rogue in Japan, starting next week [2] - The production cut is approximately 900 units at Nissan's Kyushu plant, with further evaluations for the following week due to ongoing supply instability [2] - Nissan confirmed a "small-scale production adjustment" affecting hundreds of vehicles across its Kyushu and Oppama plants, emphasizing the need to monitor the situation closely [2] - The incident highlights the automotive industry's reliance on critical chips and the impact of geopolitical tensions on supply chains, testing manufacturers' adaptability [3] Industry Impact - The Rogue model was Nissan's best-selling vehicle in the U.S. last year, with annual sales nearing 246,000 units, indicating significant market reliance on this model [3] - The supply chain crisis stemming from Nexperia's situation has broader implications, as Honda has also paused production at its Mexican plant and adjusted North American production plans [2]

Core Viewpoint - Ansem China has announced that Nexperia, its parent company in the Netherlands, will unilaterally stop supplying wafers to its packaging and testing factory in Dongguan (ATGD) starting October 26, 2025, citing unfounded reasons related to contract payment conditions. Ansem China refutes these claims, stating that it has sufficient inventory to meet customer demands until the end of the year and beyond [1][2]. Group 1 - Ansem China claims that Nexperia's reason for halting supply is baseless and aims to tarnish the reputation of Ansem China's management [1]. - The company asserts that it has not breached any contracts, while Nexperia owes ATGD approximately 1 billion RMB in unpaid payments [1]. - Ansem China emphasizes that Nexperia's actions disregard customer interests and violate contractual agreements, damaging trust and demonstrating irresponsibility [1]. Group 2 - Ansem China has established sufficient finished and in-process inventory to ensure stable supply to customers until the end of the year and is actively verifying new wafer production capacity to ensure long-term supply resilience [2]. - The parent company, Wingtech Technology, reported strong performance in its semiconductor business but faces uncertainty regarding future operations due to a Dutch government order affecting Nexperia's decision-making and resource allocation [3]. - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce has responded to the situation by implementing export controls on specific finished parts and components produced in China, which has raised concerns in the global automotive industry about potential production line shutdowns due to chip shortages [2][4].

Core Viewpoint - Wentech Technology (600745) has appointed Shen Xinjia as the new president amid a crisis involving its core subsidiary, Anshi Semiconductor, which has faced operational control issues and management turmoil [1][3]. Group 1: Management Changes - Shen Xinjia has been appointed as the president of Wentech Technology, effective from October 30, with her term aligned with the company's 12th Board of Directors [2]. - Shen Xinjia has over 15 years of experience in legal advisory roles and previously held positions at Bosch China and Trina Solar [2]. - Following the appointment, Shen Xinjia no longer holds the position of vice president [2]. Group 2: Financial Performance - Wentech Technology reported a 77% year-on-year decline in revenue for Q3 2025, while net profit attributable to shareholders increased by 279% to 1.04 billion yuan [3]. - The semiconductor business generated revenue of 4.3 billion yuan, reflecting a 12.2% year-on-year growth [3]. Group 3: Subsidiary Control Issues - Anshi Semiconductor has been under operational freeze by the Dutch government, leading to significant management changes and disruptions in operations [3][4]. - The company has faced internal conflicts regarding personnel decisions, with claims that the Dutch side's actions do not comply with Chinese laws [4]. - Anshi Semiconductor has warned clients about potential quality issues with chips from its Chinese factory, although it has refuted these claims [4][5]. Group 4: Supply Chain Challenges - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce issued an export control notice affecting Anshi Semiconductor, which has led to supply shortages and price increases in the market [4][5]. - Wentech Technology's management expressed confidence in restoring domestic supply chains and maintaining stable operations for clients [5].