执掌过 Model 3、Model Y 、Cybertruck 工厂的人，为什么 2025 年还要造车？ 文 丨 李梓楠 司雯雯 龚方毅 编辑 丨 龚方毅 汽车工业的历史很大程度上是一部关于效率的历史。行业领导地位的更迭往往源于制造方式的更新。 从福特的流水线、丰田的精益生产再到大众的模块化平台，领导者们把制造方式当作产品来设计。 特斯拉曾是这一进程的继任者，CEO 马斯克比先驱们更进一步，把工厂当作产品来打造 —— 做一个制造机器的机器。过去十多年，特斯拉工程团队在他的带领下不断追求更快的产线节拍， 从引入一体化压铸技术到设计开箱工艺（Unboxed Assembly Process）组装新概念，一切创新都围绕 着提高生产效率展开，不惜推翻常规。 但 2024 年特斯拉剧烈动荡，马斯克对比特世界和叙事更宏大的机器人事业， 似乎比对汽车制造更感 兴趣 。特斯拉两个月内裁掉 1.4 万人，四位核心管理层之一的三电副总裁巴格里诺（Drew Baglino） 宣布离职。 硅谷科技媒体《The Information》当时援引特斯拉员工的评价说，马斯克已经对电动车失去兴趣。证 据之一是他砍掉拟采用开箱工艺的 "Mod ...

它的策略是单款、精品、海量、长周期，让特色车也有大规模。 成立只有 2 年的新能源汽车品牌 iCAR，决心做中国汽车公司中的 "少数派"——不造 "水桶车"，不在 同质化中拼价格，而是走特色化、差异化路线，造与众不同的车。 汽车行业是典型的重资产、高投入、强竞争赛道。为了扩大规模，大多数公司会选容量最大的市场、 造符合 "最大公约数" 需求的车，不断降低价格或者推更多新车，用车海战术扩大胜率。这是典型的竞 争逻辑。 iCAR 风格越野-V23 "末日战车" 竞争逻辑不适合 iCAR 这样的新品牌，iCAR 也不想做平庸的车。 这与总经理苏峻和团队的志趣有关，更来自他们对商业模型的取向。苏峻说，他理想中的模式是单 款、精品、海量、长周期。每一款车都是特色产品，随着产品和影响力累积，实现 2030 年全球销量 100 万的阶段性目标，成为特色新能源全球第一品牌。 "第一步已经成了"，苏峻和团队造的第一款车 iCAR V23 今年前 8 个月累计销量近 4 万台，是销量最 高的新能源方盒子车型。 iCAR 只造特色车 iCAR V23 是一辆越野风格的 "方盒子" 车，定价 10.98 万-14.98 万元，四个车 ...

上汽内部人士认为，改革探索期内，"总裁亲自下场是短期内最有效的方法。" 文 丨 郭瑞婵 编辑 丨 龚方毅 上汽集团的转型与改革持续进行中。我们获悉，上汽大乘用车板块整合后，总裁贾健旭深度参 与了旗下品牌重要产品的决策过程， 亲自抓名爵 MG4、尚界 H5、荣威 M7 与 智己 LS9 等新 车的开发。 产品侧成为上汽内部改革尤为关键的一环。上汽认为过去数年竞争落后的主因是 "离用户太远"，贾健 旭曾对媒体说，长期的合资文化让上汽丧失了定义产品、发现消费者需求的能力。为了补齐这些能 力，上汽正在向华为学习 IPD（集成产品开发） 与 IPMS（集成产品营销与销售） 流程，但从开始导 入到真正吸收、内化还需要时间。 "以前上汽没有产品定义的概念，产品开发基本上是对标，现在开始定义产品了，但这些需求定义怎么 在车上落地也是一个挑战，组织架构的改革是深水区。" 一位上汽研发员工向我们评价道。 IPD 与 IPMS 流程要求从纵向管理改为横向管理，不同部门人员汇聚在一个项目组，相应的汇报关系 与奖惩机制需要理顺、思维习惯也需要转变，才能推动产品决策顺利进行。这位研发员工告诉我们， 项目组里不同部门的人会有不同的利益诉求 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolving landscape of range-extended electric vehicles (REEV) in the Chinese automotive market, highlighting the shift towards longer pure electric range products and the implications for traditional hybrid and electric vehicle strategies [4][5][26]. Market Dynamics - The competition in the REEV segment has intensified, with new entrants aiming to redefine the market by offering products with over 400 kilometers of pure electric range [4][5]. - Traditional automakers are increasingly adopting REEV technology due to regulatory constraints on fuel vehicles, while companies like BYD, Geely, and Great Wall focus on plug-in hybrids (PHEV) [4][5]. Battery Capacity and Market Segmentation - The article categorizes the Chinese automotive market based on battery capacity, noting that vehicles with less than 10 kWh are typically internal combustion engines (ICE), while those with 10-20 kWh are mainly HEVs [7][9]. - PHEVs dominate the 10-20 kWh segment, offering competitive pricing and fuel efficiency, while the 20-40 kWh range sees a rise in pure electric vehicles (BEV) [9][10]. - As battery capacity increases to 40-60 kWh, PHEVs are losing market share, with BEVs and REEVs becoming more prominent [10][11]. Consumer Demand and Preferences - The article outlines a hierarchy of consumer needs regarding vehicles, emphasizing the importance of mobility, space, experience, and emotional value [13][14][20]. - REEV users are characterized by their desire for electric vehicle performance combined with long-distance travel capabilities, spacious interiors, and advanced smart features [20][21]. Economic Considerations - The decreasing cost of battery materials, particularly lithium iron phosphate (LFP), has made larger battery installations more feasible for manufacturers, allowing for enhanced vehicle performance and features [12][26]. - The article posits that as more vehicles with 400+ km of pure electric range enter the market, consumers may prefer pure electric vehicles over REEVs due to cost-effectiveness and convenience [26]. Future Outlook - The potential for REEVs to transition into a more premium market segment is discussed, suggesting that if they can offer superior space, experience, and emotional value, they may redefine consumer perceptions [27]. - The article concludes that while long-range REEVs may initially attract interest, they could ultimately lead consumers to favor pure electric vehicles as charging infrastructure improves and costs decrease [26][27].

从某种意义上讲，蔚来开始做上一次危机后就该做的事。 文 丨 赵宇 编辑 丨 龚方毅 在今晚举行的蔚来 2025 年二季度业绩会上，有分析师少见地以 "祝贺" 开场。除了预期中的增收、减 亏， 或许还因为它终于开始理性经营。 今年 4-6 月，蔚来新车交付量大幅反弹至 7.2 万台，推动汽车销售收入环比大增 62.4% 至 161.4 亿 元。销量的回暖直接带来了财务改善，净亏损环比收窄 26.0% 至 49.9 亿元。管理层乐观预期三季度 至多交付 9.1 万辆新车，根据 7、8 月交付数据倒推，蔚来 9 月将挑战 3.5 万辆以上的交付。 蔚来管理层的信心主要来自两款核心新品，全新蔚来 ES8 和乐道 L90。董事长兼 CEO 李斌说，公司 产能必须优先保障这两款车型，甚至将原定的 L60 产能转移至 L90。规划显示，L90 在 10 月将达到 月产 1.5 万辆，ES8 在 12 月也将提升至 1.5 万辆。蔚来四季度目标是实现月均交付 5 万辆。 在产能紧张背景下，蔚来将四季度三大品牌的合计产能目标设为 5.6 万辆：蔚来品牌 2.5 万辆、乐道 2.5 万辆、萤火虫 6000 辆。原定今年投放的 L ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of active safety technology in smart electric vehicles, highlighting Xiaopeng's advancements in this area to regain a competitive edge in the market [2][3][14]. Group 1: Active Safety Technology Developments - Xiaopeng has demonstrated its AEB (Automatic Emergency Braking) capabilities at speeds of up to 130 km/h in various challenging conditions, including night and wet roads [2][4]. - The company has redefined its active safety architecture and software, with daily updates to enhance performance and address market competition [2][3]. - Xiaopeng's AEB system is designed to operate effectively in a full speed range of 0-150 km/h, with a focus on real-world scenarios [4][5]. Group 2: Technical Innovations - Xiaopeng employs a "two-stage braking" strategy to enhance user comfort during emergency braking, initially applying a moderate deceleration before engaging full braking if necessary [5][6]. - The introduction of the AES (Automatic Emergency Steering) system allows vehicles to navigate around obstacles on slippery surfaces, utilizing a unique "single-side braking" technique [8][9]. - The company aims to tackle complex driving conditions, such as icy roads, to ensure stability and effective obstacle avoidance [9][10]. Group 3: Strategic Focus and Team Dynamics - Xiaopeng has established dedicated teams and "war rooms" to enhance collaboration and expedite the development of active safety features [15][16]. - The company has shifted its focus to prioritize active safety, responding to consumer demand for improved vehicle safety [14][18]. - The development process has been streamlined to ensure rapid iteration and effective communication among team members [16][17]. Group 4: Market Position and Future Goals - Xiaopeng's advancements in active safety are part of a broader strategy to maintain its leadership in the smart driving sector amid increasing competition [14][18]. - The ultimate goal of the active safety technology is to achieve "zero collisions" by expanding the coverage of AEB and AES systems [22][23]. - Future efforts will focus on enhancing scene coverage based on real-world collision data to prioritize high-frequency and high-severity scenarios [23][24].

Core Viewpoint - NIO is experiencing a significant shift in market perception following the successful launch of its new models, the L90 and the new ES8, which have boosted sales and investor confidence despite previous financial struggles [3][4][10]. Group 1: Sales and Financial Performance - In Q1, NIO's sales declined, and the company reported its highest quarterly loss, prompting comparisons to its critical situation in 2019 [3]. - The L90 became the fastest model in NIO's history to exceed 10,000 deliveries, indicating a positive market response [3][4]. - NIO's stock price has surged nearly 90% since the L90's pre-release on July 7, restoring its market capitalization to the "billion yuan" range [4]. Group 2: Strategic Shifts and Organizational Changes - NIO's recent changes are attributed to two main factors: a strategic pivot that is beginning to yield results and a rapid organizational transformation aimed at improving efficiency [5]. - The company is transitioning to a "full-staff management organization" to enhance operational efficiency and cost control, drawing inspiration from Toyota's management practices [11][12]. Group 3: Technological Advancements and Market Trends - NIO's commitment to pure electric technology is seen as a key differentiator, with the company asserting that the era of range-extended SUVs is ending, and the era of pure electric SUVs is beginning [10][22]. - The introduction of the L90 and new ES8 showcases the advantages of NIO's 900V high-voltage platform, which enhances user experience and vehicle performance [8][9]. Group 4: Future Outlook and Challenges - Despite the positive developments, NIO faces significant challenges ahead, particularly in achieving profitability by Q4, a goal that only a small percentage of employees initially believed was attainable [6][16]. - The company emphasizes the importance of maintaining a focus on operational efficiency and cost management to ensure sustainable growth and profitability [12][15].

Core Viewpoint - Li Auto is facing significant challenges in maintaining its competitive edge, acknowledging that its pace of innovation has slowed compared to competitors, prompting a need for strategic adjustments in product and marketing approaches [3][12]. Financial Performance - In Q2, Li Auto delivered 111,000 vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 2.3%, with automotive sales revenue of 28.89 billion yuan, down 4.7% year-on-year [5]. - For Q3, the company expects to deliver between 90,000 to 95,000 vehicles, which is a reduction of over 25% compared to the previous quarter's guidance [4][5]. - The gross margin for vehicles remains healthy at 19.4%, with an expected maintenance around 19% for Q3, indicating strong cost control capabilities [5]. Strategic Adjustments - Li Auto plans to return to a "single product blockbuster" strategy by significantly reducing the number of SKUs and focusing on refining top configurations to enhance product quality and cost-effectiveness [12]. - The company aims to accelerate product and technology iteration speeds to regain its competitive edge, with a goal to surpass the capabilities achieved at the launch of the L9 by 2026 [12][13]. - Marketing strategies will shift from a passive approach to a more active digital operation, optimizing customer targeting and lead conversion [13]. Sales and Distribution Strategy - Li Auto has restructured its sales system to enhance efficiency and streamline operations, focusing on direct sales and improving frontline service capabilities [13][14]. - The company is expanding its sales network into lower-tier cities using a lightweight "Star Store" model to tap into new market potential [13][14]. Future Product Focus - The upcoming launch of the pure electric SUV, Li Auto i6, is critical for the company's future, with ambitious sales targets set for this model [15]. - The company is committed to building a strong market reputation for the i6, emphasizing effective communication and frontline team training [15].

Core Viewpoint - Li Auto's self-developed autonomous driving chip M100 has successfully passed key pre-mass production stages and is expected to be mass-produced next year, enhancing the company's competitive edge in the autonomous driving market [3][5]. Group 1: Chip Development and Performance - The M100 chip has demonstrated specific performance characteristics, providing effective computing power comparable to 2 NVIDIA Thor-U chips for large language model tasks and equivalent to 3 Thor-U chips for traditional visual tasks like image recognition [3][5]. - Li Auto has allocated a budget of several billion dollars for the development of its self-research chip project, indicating the significant investment required for such technology [5]. Group 2: Strategic Partnerships and Current Solutions - Until the M100 chip is mass-produced, Li Auto will continue to rely on existing partnerships with NVIDIA and Horizon Robotics for its current chip solutions [5][7]. - The company employs a mixed strategy for its range-extended models, using either NVIDIA Thor-U or Horizon's Journey 6M chips based on the specific version of its AD Max and AD Pro autonomous driving systems [7]. Group 3: R&D Strategy and Challenges - Li Auto's CTO, Xie Yan, is driving a strategy that combines hardware and software development to maximize chip performance and efficiency, aiming to outperform competitors [5][6]. - The integration of hardware and software in chip development is complex, requiring deep technical expertise and effective collaboration across departments [6].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential acquisition of intelligent driving company JianZhi Robotics by the domestic digital map provider Siwei Tuxin, highlighting the strategic alignment and complementary strengths between the two companies in the intelligent driving sector [2][3]. Group 1: Acquisition Details - Siwei Tuxin is nearing completion of its acquisition of JianZhi Robotics, which is expected to enhance its capabilities in the intelligent driving market [3]. - Siwei Tuxin has been increasing its investment in intelligent driving ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) since 2021 and aims to transform into a Tier 1 supplier in the intelligent driving sector by 2023 [3][5]. Group 2: Company Developments - In August of last year, Siwei Tuxin invested 100 million yuan into its subsidiary Nanjing Siwei Zhihui, which absorbed nearly 300 employees from Didi's smart transportation team to develop integrated driving solutions [5]. - Siwei Tuxin has made progress in both basic driving products and integrated driving solutions, but advancements in high-level intelligent driving solutions remain limited [5]. Group 3: JianZhi Robotics Capabilities - Established in 2021, JianZhi Robotics possesses the necessary R&D capabilities for mid-to-high-level intelligent driving, with a focus on mass production solutions based on Horizon J6E/M platforms [6]. - JianZhi Robotics has expanded its product line to include high-performance urban navigation assistance systems, in addition to its original low-computing power visual solutions [6]. Group 4: Market Context - The number of available intelligent driving companies for Siwei Tuxin to consider is limited, and JianZhi Robotics has not yet formed deep partnerships with any major automotive manufacturers [7]. - JianZhi Robotics has completed seven rounds of financing, with its latest funding round of several million dollars announced in April this year, involving various investment firms [7].