Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China and six other departments issued guidelines to enhance financial support for consumption, emphasizing the optimization of payment services to stimulate consumer activity and improve financial service accessibility [2][25]. Group 1: Payment Service Optimization - The guidelines highlight the need for seamless integration of various payment methods, including cash, bank cards, mobile payments, and digital RMB, to enhance consumer experience [3][4][14]. - Financial institutions are encouraged to focus on key consumption scenarios such as food, housing, travel, shopping, entertainment, and healthcare to improve payment convenience [3][25]. - Experts suggest that different demographics have varying payment preferences, necessitating a diverse range of payment options to cater to all consumer needs [3][4][15]. Group 2: Support for Special Groups - The guidelines call for the enhancement of payment services tailored for elderly individuals and foreign visitors, addressing their unique needs in payment scenarios [7][8][15]. - There is a push for the establishment of "pocket money" exchange services in commercial areas and communities to retain traditional payment methods while promoting mobile payment adaptations for the elderly [7][15]. - The need for improved credit card services for foreign visitors is emphasized, including expanding acceptance of international payment methods and enhancing user experience in key consumption areas [8][15]. Group 3: Digital RMB Development - The promotion of digital RMB requires careful planning and clear objectives, with a focus on integrating it into various payment scenarios [10][11][25]. - Users exhibit a cautious attitude towards digital RMB, preferring established payment methods like WeChat and Alipay unless incentives are provided [10][11]. - Experts advocate for a balanced approach to digital RMB development, ensuring ease of use while maintaining privacy and regulatory oversight [11][10].

Group 1 - The central economic meeting on July 1 emphasized the importance of advancing the construction of a unified national market, proposing "five unifications and one openness" as key requirements [1][10] - The construction of a unified national market is entering a critical phase, addressing deep-seated contradictions in the current market system, particularly in the context of global economic adjustments [1][10] - Accelerating the construction of a unified national market is crucial for ensuring smooth domestic circulation and enhancing international competitiveness [1][10] Group 2 - There is an urgent need to unify market access, fair competition, and credit supervision systems to achieve a nationwide integrated market foundation [2][11] - The establishment of a national negative list for market access and a unified market access efficiency evaluation index is essential for promoting the principle of "non-prohibited entry" [2][11] - A unified credit supervision standard system should be constructed to facilitate cross-regional and cross-departmental sharing of credit information, implementing joint penalties for dishonest enterprises [2][11] Group 3 - The meeting highlighted the need to promote the orderly exit of backward production capacity, particularly in industries like photovoltaics, where local subsidies have led to low-level duplication [3][12] - Market-oriented and legal methods should be utilized to facilitate the exit of inefficient production capacity, encouraging industry associations to strengthen self-discipline and prevent vicious competition [3][12] - Encouraging mergers and acquisitions in the photovoltaic sector can help achieve past capacity expansion goals while promoting technological innovation and quality improvement [3][12] Group 4 - Regional market integration is seen as a breakthrough for the construction of a unified national market, with pilot mechanisms being established to promote the free flow and efficient allocation of resources across regions [4][5] - The focus should be on achieving policy uniformity, rule consistency, and collaborative execution within regions to facilitate cross-regional cooperation [4][5] - Successful pilot projects in regions with mature industrial collaboration should be explored and evaluated for potential nationwide implementation [4][5]

作者 | 一财评论员 治理低价无序竞争、反内卷，需营造市场同频场景。 最近召开的中央财经委员会第六次会议，决策层用统一市场基础制度、统一市场基础设施、统一政府行为 尺度、统一市场监管执法、统一要素资源市场，持续扩大对内对外开放等，推进全国统一大市场建设，素 描出一张民心所向的施工图。 其中，"推动落后产能有序退出"的表态颇引人注目。因为落后产能有序退出，将打开反低价无序竞争和反 内卷的新空间，真正有效激活市场活力，优化资源配置，舒缓低效无效竞争。 当前一些行业出现低价无序竞争、内卷式恶性竞争，反映内部经济有效需求不足问题依然突出，外部由于 贸易保护主义甚嚣尘上而不利于中国贸易条件改善，国内充盈的产业链供应链急需新的市场舒缓供需矛 盾。 这也发出强烈警示：落后产能无法在市场竞争中自然脱落，成为市场高风险偏好的搅局者，会触发非常明 显的逆向选择风险和道德风险现象。本应淘汰的产能无法退出市场，就衍生出一个独特的搅局价值，即由 于其面临的风险远超风险处置和承载能力，因此相较清算和重整，冒险搅局市场反而可能获得额外的市场 退出价值。当前出现行业整体亏损和利润下滑的领域，都不同程度存在这种落后产能的市场退出价值问 题。 ...

省委十一届九次全会提出，要抓好融入服务全国统一大市场建设、抓好产业转型升级和因地制宜发展新 质生产力等重点任务，为我省粮食和物资储备系统做好当前和今后一个时期的工作指明了方向、明确了 任务。 持续推动粮食产业高质量发展。整合商品粮大省、粮食生产一次性奖励资金等财政资源，持续加大品牌 培育与宣传力度。深挖和培育地理标志及粮油品牌，构建河南粮油梯次品牌集群。同时，开展"美豫粮 油"推介活动，提升品牌知名度和影响力，以品牌建设推动粮食产业高质量发展。（记者 李若凡） "今年以来，全省粮食和物资储备系统坚持稳中求进工作总基调，坚持高质量发展和高水平安全良性互 动，坚持底线思维和极限思维，聚焦'两高四着力'，坚决扛稳粮食安全政治责任，扎实做好稳市场、强 储备、严监管、添动能、保安全各项工作，守牢粮食和物资储备安全底线。"7月2日，省粮食和物资储 备局局长张弓在接受专访时表示。 责任编辑： 路娇 抓好夏粮收购，确保工作顺利。省粮食和物资储备局提前筹备，多次组织相关部门与涉粮企业召开联席 会议，准备2800万吨可用空仓容、2.6万台收购设备器材，并落实500亿元收购资金，保护种粮农民利 益，维护粮食市场平稳运行。 积极融入 ...

近年来，四川省眉山市仁寿县积极落实各项惠企政策，持续加大对民营企业的帮扶支持力度，助力民营 企业高质量发展。图为在眉山市仁寿县卓航电子科技有限公司生产车间，工人在赶制订单产品。潘帅摄 （人民视觉） 7月1日召开的中央财经委员会第六次会议（以下简称"会议"），对推进全国统一大市场建设进行部署。 此次会议提出了纵深推进全国统一大市场建设"五统一、一开放"的基本要求，即统一市场基础制度、统 一市场基础设施、统一政府行为尺度、统一市场监管执法、统一要素资源市场，持续扩大对内对外开 放。其中，"统一政府行为尺度""持续扩大对内对外开放"等新提法引发各界关注。 明确提出"五统一、一开放" 自《中共中央 国务院关于加快建设全国统一大市场的意见》于2022年出台以来，全国统一大市场建设 不断向纵深推进。 国家发展改革委于今年初公布《全国统一大市场建设指引（试行）》，将推动全国统一大市场建设概括 为"五统一、一破除"，即强化市场基础制度规则统一、打造统一的要素和资源市场、推进商品和服务市 场高水平统一、推进市场设施高标准联通、推进市场监管公平统一以及破除地方保护和市场分割。 今年的《政府工作报告》也提出，要纵深推进全国统一大市 ...

消费电子板块掀涨停潮 昨日午后，以苹果产业链为代表的消费电子板块持续冲高，成为带动股指拉升的重要因素。截至收盘， 申万消费电子指数大涨4.40%，行业龙头工业富联收获涨停，全天放量成交78.12亿元，公司市值升至 4623亿元。朝阳科技、新亚电子等均收获涨停。 当地时间7月2日，美股苹果公司（AAPL.US）上涨2.22%，近三个交易日累计反弹近6%。杰富瑞投资 银行调整了对苹果公司的股票评级，从"表现不佳"上调至"持有"，这一转变主要基于2025财年第三季度 全球iPhone销量可能出现的超预期增长。 消息面上，消费电子分析师郭明錤发文称，由富士康代工的苹果首款折叠屏iPhone将于2025年第三季度 末或第四季度初启动生产。另外，预计苹果将从2027年开始发布多款智能眼镜产品，首先大量出货的产 品有望是类似雷朋的智能眼镜，预计2027年的出货量将超过300万台。 中国银河证券分析认为，上半年消费电子行业呈现"政策+AI双轮驱动"的核心特征。"国补"政策有效激 活中端消费市场，带动手机、平板等品类结构性复苏；AI技术深度渗透终端设备，推动PC、手机向智 能化跃迁，AI眼镜等新形态产品加速商业化落地。 展望下 ...

开源证券研报表示，今年下半年光伏行业需求或将转弱，当前产业链多环节产品价格已跌破现金成本 线。在此背景下，头部光伏玻璃企业计划自7月份开始集体减产，头部硅料企业正主动推进多晶硅产能 整合，推动行业供需结构改善。 不仅是光伏玻璃，钢铁、水泥等行业也在积极"反内卷"。 近期，部分钢厂已收到减排限产通知。此前，中国钢铁工业协会秘书长姜维表示，防止恶性竞争应成为 全体钢铁企业共同遵守的行业准则。 7月1日，中国水泥协会发布《关于进一步推动水泥行业"反内卷""稳增长"高质量发展工作的意见》。从 百年建筑网水泥综合价格指数看，2023年水泥平均值为419元/吨，2024年为386元/吨，2025年上半年为 381元/吨，"可以看出，水泥价格逐年下跌，今年上半年水泥价格呈现持续下跌趋势，同时，水泥行业 的利润也逐渐下降。"上海钢联百年建筑网水泥首席分析师江元林认为，行业"反内卷"旨在促进水泥价 格回归合理区间。 本报记者 许林艳 近日召开的中央财经委员会第六次会议强调，纵深推进全国统一大市场建设，要聚焦重点难点，依法依 规治理企业低价无序竞争，引导企业提升产品品质，推动落后产能有序退出。 "减产、陆续出清尾部产能是行业'反 ...

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a nationwide unified market is a strategic initiative for China's economic reform, emphasizing the role of the futures market as a crucial component in this process [1][4]. Group 1: Role of the Futures Market - The futures market serves as an important venue for resource allocation and is a key tool in building the nationwide unified market [2]. - It acts as a "barometer" for price discovery, providing a basis for value consensus across the unified market, exemplified by the Shanghai Futures Exchange's copper futures pricing becoming a benchmark for domestic spot trading [2]. - The futures market offers effective risk management tools, ensuring stability for large-scale transactions across regions and cycles, which is essential as the unified market expands [2]. Group 2: Resource Allocation and Market Integration - The futures market functions as an intelligent hub for resource allocation, guiding the optimal distribution of production factors nationwide based on current supply and demand as well as future market expectations [2]. - It promotes the coordination of industries, such as the apple industry in Shaanxi and Shandong, by providing unified price signals that help avoid regional surpluses or shortages [2]. Group 3: Standardization and Market Rules - The futures market acts as a practical platform for institutional unification, providing a testing ground for the integration of national market rules through its standardized contracts and trading regulations [3]. - The development of the futures market encourages the standardization of the spot market in areas such as quality standards and logistics, exemplified by the impact of rebar and crude oil futures on industry standards [3]. Group 4: Challenges and Future Directions - Despite its benefits, the futures market faces challenges such as insufficient liquidity for certain products and low participation from real enterprises [3]. - Future efforts should focus on enriching the futures product system, particularly with more agricultural and energy-related products, and improving market participant structures to enhance the utilization of futures tools [3].

最近召开的中央财经委员会第六次会议，决策层用统一市场基础制度、统一市场基础设施、统一政府行 为尺度、统一市场监管执法、统一要素资源市场，持续扩大对内对外开放等，推进全国统一大市场建 设，素描出一张民心所向的施工图。 其中，"推动落后产能有序退出"的表态颇引人注目。因为落后产能有序退出，将打开反低价无序竞争和 反内卷的新空间，真正有效激活市场活力，优化资源配置，舒缓低效无效竞争。 推动落后产能有序退出，是畅通经济内外循环的基本保障。 治理低价无序竞争、反内卷，需营造市场同频场景。 另一方面需要强化市场自律自治。完善委托代理机制，发挥委托人对代理人的股权制衡能力，强化债权 人对公司实控人的约束，缓解代理人的冒险行为。 其次，推动落后产能有序退出，还需各方做好有效的风险防范。一是相关监管部门要做好行业边际风险 压力测试，构建相关行业在不同风险情景下的风险迁移矩阵；二是要求企业按季甚至按月披露自身风险 压力测试，以及在不同情景下的风险迁移矩阵；三是要求债权人针对相关行业的敞口风险做好对应风险 压力测试和构建风险迁移矩阵，如行业集中度风险等。 对部分有地方国资或政府基金投资的落后产能，如资产本身具有一定市场竞争力、只是 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current state and future outlook of the steel industry in China, highlighting the expected decline in steel demand and net exports in 2025, while also emphasizing the potential for profit recovery if outdated production capacity is phased out [4][5][7]. Group 1: Industry Events - On July 1, 2025, the Central Financial Committee's sixth meeting focused on advancing the construction of a unified national market and high-quality development of the marine economy, emphasizing the need to address low-price disorderly competition and improve product quality [4]. - A survey by Mysteel indicated that approximately half of the steel mills received notifications about a 30% production cut for sintering machines from July 4 to 15, 2025 [4]. Group 2: Demand and Export Forecast - Domestic steel demand in 2025 is projected to be around 850 million tons, a decrease of 1.5% year-on-year, equating to a reduction of 13 million tons compared to 2024 [5]. - The net export of steel is expected to decline to the levels of 2023, with a forecasted decrease of 2.1 million tons year-on-year, influenced by anti-dumping policies from South Korea and Vietnam, as well as increased tariffs from the U.S. [5]. Group 3: Production and Profitability - From January to May 2025, China's crude steel production was 432 million tons, reflecting a year-on-year decrease of 1.59%, with the largest reductions occurring in Hubei, Guangdong, and Hebei [6]. - The total profit of the black metal smelting and rolling processing industry in the first five months of 2025 was 31.69 billion yuan, marking a return to profitability year-on-year [8]. - The comprehensive gross profit of the steel industry in the first half of 2025 was 281 yuan per ton, an increase of 52.45% year-on-year, indicating potential for further profit recovery if outdated production capacity is systematically eliminated [8]. Group 4: Historical Policy Impact - The article reviews past policies aimed at limiting steel production capacity, noting that the 2016 policy aimed to reduce excess capacity by 100 to 150 million tons, which led to significant price increases in the steel market [9]. - In the context of the "dual carbon" policy, the 2020 directive to compress crude steel production resulted in a 35% increase in steel prices from February to March 2021, despite a decline in the broader market [9]. Group 5: Valuation Metrics - As of July 2, 2025, the price-to-book ratio (PB_LF) of the steel sector was 0.83, indicating a 23% upside potential compared to the average since 2013, with significant room for growth relative to peaks in 2017 and 2021 [10].