Core Viewpoint - The SPDR Gold Trust, the world's largest gold ETF, reported a total holding of 1,038.63 tons of gold, reflecting a decrease of 3.15 tons from the previous trading day, coinciding with a significant drop in spot gold prices [5]. Group 1: Gold ETF Holdings - As of November 4, the SPDR Gold Trust's holdings were 1,038.63 tons, down by 3.15 tons from the previous day [5]. - The decline in gold ETF holdings occurred alongside a notable drop in spot gold prices, which fell to a low of $3,929.14 per ounce, marking the lowest level since October 30 [5]. Group 2: Market Conditions - On November 4, spot gold prices experienced a significant decline, closing at $3,931.78 per ounce, down $69.38 or 1.73% [5]. - The overall market sentiment was affected by a decline in global stock markets and risk assets, leading to a downward trend in commodities such as gold, silver, and oil [5]. Group 3: Economic Factors - The strengthening of the US dollar and rising bond yields have contributed to the pressure on gold prices, with expectations for a December rate cut diminishing [6]. - Economic uncertainty stemming from the potential government shutdown has provided some support for gold prices, as Congress remains deadlocked over funding proposals [6]. Group 4: Technical Analysis - Recent weeks have seen key technical levels breached, particularly the psychological $4,000 mark, triggering technical selling and long liquidation [6]. - The technical outlook for gold indicates an increased risk of correction, with daily momentum indicators showing a downward trend and a weakening bullish sentiment [6][7]. - Short-term support for gold is identified in the $3,910-$3,900 range, with potential challenges to $3,850 and even $3,800 if further declines occur [7].

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content Core Viewpoints - The scale of the central bank's bond purchases in October was significantly less than last year, but the daily average net purchase was not low. The total net purchase in November is likely to exceed that in October [1]. - The scale of the central bank's future bond purchases depends on bond yield changes. The recent decline in interest rates may be due to market trading of the "central bank bond - buying" theme, and bond pricing will eventually return to fundamentals [2]. - There is theoretical downward space for the 10Y Treasury bond yield, but three points need to be noted: the speed of yield decline, the possible change of the "desirable level" over time, and the influence of market internal forces [3]. Summary by Related Catalog 1. Is the 20 - billion bond - buying scale small? - On November 4, 2025, the central bank disclosed a net bond purchase of 20 billion yuan in October, much less than last year's monthly 100 - 30 billion yuan. Using the daily average indicator, the daily net purchase was 50 billion yuan from October 28 - 31, and the November total is likely to exceed October's [1]. - The scale of the central bank's future bond purchases depends on bond yield changes. The 20 - billion purchase may not be the main reason for the 5bp decline in the 10Y Treasury bond yield from October 28 - 31, and bond pricing will return to fundamentals [2]. 2. The downward space of bond yields and three points to note - It is reasonable to think that the central bank's restart of bond - buying indicates that the Treasury bond yield in late October was at a desirable level. There is theoretical downward space for the 10Y Treasury bond yield, similar to the level in mid - June [3]. - Three points to note: the speed of yield decline may be more important than the specific level; the "desirable level" may change over time; the downward space is a theoretical maximum from a policy perspective, and market forces often dominate bond yield trends [3].

Group 1 - The bond market is expected to have a smooth bullish phase in Q4 due to limited supply and increased allocation by banks and insurance funds [1] - Since October 13, various institutions have increased their positions in long-term bonds, while rural commercial banks have significantly reduced their holdings [1] - The central bank's resumption of government bond purchases has established a yield ceiling for bonds, leading to a growing trend of non-bank entities investing in the bond market [1] Group 2 - The scale of actively managed pure bond funds decreased by 743.3 billion, with potential adjustments to punitive redemption fees expected to be a net positive for the market [2] - MLF rates have dropped to 1.60%, indicating a potential future decrease in policy rates, with expectations for 30Y government bonds to decline by nearly 15 basis points [2] - As of November 3, 2025, the 5-10 year government bond ETF has seen a recent increase in trading activity, with a turnover of 153.59% and a total transaction volume of 2.469 billion [2] Group 3 - The 5-10 year government bond ETF reached a new high in scale at 1.608 billion, with recent inflows balancing out [3] - The ETF has shown a net value increase of 21.59% over the past five years, ranking in the top 18.78% among index bond funds [3] - Historical performance indicates a 100% probability of profit over three years, with a monthly profit probability of 70.91% [3] Group 4 - The 5-10 year government bond ETF has a Sharpe ratio of 1.05 over the past year, indicating favorable risk-adjusted returns [4] - The maximum drawdown over the past six months was 1.09%, with a relative benchmark drawdown of 0.46% [5] - The management fee for the ETF is 0.15%, and the custody fee is 0.05% [6] Group 5 - The tracking error for the 5-10 year government bond ETF was 0.027% over the past month, demonstrating its close alignment with the underlying index [7] - The index reflects the performance of actively traded government bonds with maturities of 5, 7, and 10 years [7]

Core Viewpoint - The main factors influencing the bond market performance towards the end of the year are the combination of fiscal and monetary policies [1] Summary by Categories Fiscal Policy - The necessity to create a favorable interest rate environment to support fiscal supply is significant [1] Monetary Policy - Current risks of rising bond yields are limited when considering both fiscal and monetary policies [1] - There is still room for interest rate recovery [1]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided regarding the report's industry investment rating in the given content. 2. Core View of the Report - Last week (from October 20 to October 24, 2025), the bond market showed a narrow - range oscillation. Driven by factors such as the easing of Sino - US trade frictions and the "15th Five - Year Plan", the stock market sentiment was boosted, and the bond market was under pressure due to the stock - bond seesaw effect [3][10]. - Bond yield is unlikely to rise significantly because the stock market may turn to stable operation after the "15th Five - Year Plan" is implemented, and there is often a "bond rush" phenomenon in the fourth quarter. However, the downward space for yield has not been fully opened, as the progress of Sino - US negotiations and the implementation of the new fund fee regulations are important variables [10]. - The US bond yield oscillated last week. Affected by multiple factors such as the US government shutdown, credit pressure, and geopolitical risks, the market's risk - aversion sentiment increased. The release of the under - expected US CPI data in September strengthened the expectation of interest rate cuts [11]. - The CSI REITs Total Return Index rose by 0.16% last week, with the environmental protection, people's livelihood, and data center sectors leading the gains. Two new public REITs made progress in the primary market [11]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1. Weekly Market Observation - **Pan - fixed - income Market Review and Observation** - The bond market had a narrow - range oscillation last week. The 1 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond yields increased by 2.82BP, 2.40BP, and 1.24BP to 1.47%, 1.85%, and 2.21% respectively [3][10]. - The US bond yield oscillated. The 1 - year, 2 - year, and 10 - year US bond yields increased by 3BP, 2BP, and 2BP to 3.58%, 3.48%, and 4.02% respectively [11]. - The CSI REITs Total Return Index rose by 0.16% to 1045.13 points. Two new public REITs made progress in the primary market [11]. 3.2. Pan - fixed - income Fund Index Performance Tracking | Index Classification | Last Week | Last Month | YTD | Since Strategy Launch | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Money Enhancement Index | 0.03% | 0.12% | 1.24% | 4.22% | | Short - term Bond Fund Preferred | 0.03% | 0.15% | 0.94% | 4.35% | | Medium - and Long - term Bond Fund Preferred | 0.08% | 0.38% | 0.80% | 6.44% | | Low - volatility Fixed - income + Fund Preferred | 0.23% | 0.38% | 2.89% | 4.18% | | Medium - volatility Fixed - income + Fund Preferred | 0.73% | 0.35% | 5.15% | 5.69% | | High - volatility Fixed - income + Fund Preferred | 0.75% | 0.27% | 7.82% | 7.56% | | Convertible Bond Fund Preferred | 1.67% | 0.94% | 18.10% | 21.79% | | QDII Bond Fund Preferred | - 0.03% | 0.45% | 5.45% | 10.54% | | REITs Fund Preferred | 0.69% | - 2.75% | 23.13% | 31.92% | [12] 3.3. Money Enhancement Index Tracking - **Money Enhancement Strategy Index** - The index aims for liquidity management, seeking a curve that surpasses money funds and rises smoothly. It mainly invests in money market funds and inter - bank certificate of deposit index funds [14]. - The performance benchmark is the CSI Money Fund Index (H11025.CSI) [14]. 3.4. Pure Bond Index Tracking - **Short - term Bond Fund Preferred Index** - The index aims for liquidity management, pursuing a smooth - rising curve while controlling drawdowns. It focuses on credit and risk management and consists of 5 selected funds [16]. - The performance benchmark is 50% * Short - term Pure Bond Fund Index + 50% * Ordinary Money Fund Index [16]. - **Medium - and Long - term Bond Fund Preferred Index** - The index invests in medium - and long - term pure bond funds, aiming for stable returns while controlling drawdowns. It selects 5 funds, balancing coupon strategies and band operations [19]. - It adjusts the duration according to market conditions to cope with interest rate changes [19]. 3.5. Fixed - income + Index Tracking - **Low - volatility Fixed - income + Preferred Index** - The equity center is set at 10%, and 10 funds are selected each period. It focuses on funds with an equity position within 15% in the past three years and recently [20][22]. - The performance benchmark is 10% * CSI 800 Index + 90% * ChinaBond New Composite Full - Price Index (CBA00303.CS) [22]. - **Medium - volatility Fixed - income + Preferred Index** - The equity center is 20%, and 5 funds are selected each period. It selects funds with an equity position between 15% - 25% [23]. - The performance benchmark is 20% * CSI 800 Index + 80% * ChinaBond New Composite Full - Price Index (CBA00303.CS) [23]. - **High - volatility Fixed - income + Preferred Index** - The equity center is 30%, and 5 funds are selected each period. It chooses funds with an equity position between 25% - 35% [27]. - The performance benchmark is 30% * CSI 800 Index + 70% * ChinaBond New Composite Full - Price Index (CBA00303.CS) [27]. 3.6. Convertible Bond Fund Preferred Index - The sample space consists of bond - type funds with an average convertible bond investment proportion of at least 60% in the latest period and at least 80% in the past four quarters [29]. - An evaluation system is built from the perspectives of funds, fund managers, and fund companies to select 5 funds [29]. 3.7. QDII Bond Fund Preferred Index Tracking - The underlying assets of QDII bond funds are overseas bonds, covering regions such as the world, Asia, and emerging markets. They are divided into investment - grade and high - yield products based on credit ratings [32]. - 6 funds with stable returns and good risk control are selected to form the index [32]. 3.8. REITs Fund Preferred Index Tracking - The underlying assets of REITs are mainly high - quality and stable infrastructure projects. The unit net value volatility is relatively limited [33]. - 10 funds with stable operations, reasonable valuations, and certain elasticity are selected according to the underlying asset types [33].

Core Viewpoint - The bond market showed slight weakness on October 23, with government bond futures closing down across the board, while interbank bond yields experienced a minor rebound. The net liquidity withdrawal from the open market was 23.5 billion yuan, leading to a slight decline in funding rates. Analysts suggest that the new fund redemption regulations set to take effect in November may limit the downward potential of yields for a certain period. Despite ongoing trade uncertainties, the likelihood of liquidity easing remains strong, indicating limited upward risks for bond yields [1][2][6]. Market Performance - Government bond futures closed down, with the 30-year main contract falling by 0.34% to 115.21, the 10-year main contract down by 0.12% to 108.035, the 5-year main contract down by 0.07% to 105.645, and the 2-year main contract down by 0.02% to 102.336 [2]. - Interbank major rate bond yields initially decreased before rising, with the 10-year policy bank bond yield increasing by 0.5 basis points to 1.911%, the 30-year government bond yield up by 1 basis point to 2.196%, and the 10-year government bond yield up by 1 basis point to 1.837% [2]. International Market Trends - In North America, U.S. Treasury yields generally fell, with the 2-year yield down by 0.43 basis points to 3.4403%, the 3-year yield down by 1.12 basis points to 3.4386%, the 5-year yield down by 0.52 basis points to 3.5464%, the 10-year yield down by 0.58 basis points to 3.9474%, and the 30-year yield down by 0.66 basis points to 4.5287% [3]. - In Asia, Japanese bond yields mostly rose, with the 10-year yield increasing by 1.2 basis points to 1.666% [4]. - In the Eurozone, bond yields mostly increased, with the 10-year UK bond yield down by 6 basis points to 4.416%, while the 10-year French bond yield rose by 1.2 basis points to 3.353%, the 10-year German bond yield up by 1.1 basis points to 2.562%, the 10-year Italian bond yield up by 0.5 basis points to 3.346%, and the 10-year Spanish bond yield up by 1 basis point to 3.089% [4]. Primary Market Activity - The Export-Import Bank's 1-year and 3-year financial bonds had winning yields of 1.3649% and 1.6815%, respectively, with overall multiples of 2.31 and 3.94, and marginal multiples of 1.11 and 6.2 [5]. - The China Development Bank's 3-year and 7-year financial bonds had winning yields of 1.7342% and 1.9415%, respectively, with overall multiples of 3.04 and 4.56, and marginal multiples of 3.24 and 3.38 [5]. Liquidity Conditions - On October 23, the central bank conducted a 7-day reverse repurchase operation with a fixed rate and quantity, totaling 212.5 billion yuan at an interest rate of 1.40%. The total amount of reverse repos maturing that day was 236 billion yuan, resulting in a net liquidity withdrawal of 23.5 billion yuan [6]. - The Ministry of Finance and the central bank conducted a tender for 2025 central treasury cash management deposits, with a total winning amount of 120 billion yuan at an interest rate of 1.76% [6]. - The Shibor short-term rates mostly declined, with the overnight rate unchanged at 1.318%, the 7-day rate down by 0.5 basis points to 1.417%, the 14-day rate up by 6.0 basis points to 1.512%, and the 1-month rate down by 0.1 basis points to 1.556% [6]. Institutional Perspectives - Huatai Fixed Income suggests that the supply of Chinese dollar bonds is unlikely to increase significantly in the short term, but supply elasticity may rise. With interest rate cuts, cross-border allocation demand, and a decline in credit risk, the yields on Chinese dollar bonds are expected to decrease further. The focus should be on high coupon rates and capital gains opportunities, with potential disruptions from tariffs, exchange rates, and foreign debt regulations [8]. - CITIC Securities notes that the continued interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve and the impact of tariff policies on the U.S. economy may lead to a sustained weakening of the U.S. dollar index. The Chinese central bank's policies are expected to be flexible to mitigate expectations of a one-sided currency trend [8].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In the second half of 2025, the economic growth rate may not decline significantly, and structural issues such as prices are expected to improve trend - wise [7]. - The allocation between stocks and bonds continues to shift, with bond yields and the stock market expected to rise continuously [7]. 3. Summaries Based on Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Overall Situation - The combined bond custody volume of Shanghai Clearing House and China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. (CCDC) increased less month - on - month in September. The combined custody volume was 175.46 trillion yuan, with a net monthly increase of 92.1157 billion yuan, a decrease in the month - on - month increase [3]. - The bond custody volume of Shanghai Clearing House was 48.66 trillion yuan, with a net monthly increase of 3.2441 billion yuan, a rebound in the month - on - month increase [3]. - The bond custody volume of CCDC was 126.80 trillion yuan, with a net monthly increase of 88.8716 billion yuan, a decrease in the month - on - month increase [3]. 3.2 By Bond Type - Interest - rate bonds contributed the main increment this month. The custody volume of interest - rate bonds was 120.45 trillion yuan, with a net monthly increase of 132.9742 billion yuan; the custody volume of credit bonds was 33.36 trillion yuan, with a net monthly increase of - 4.4188 billion yuan; the custody volume of inter - bank certificates of deposit was 19.97 trillion yuan, with a net monthly increase of - 40.7479 billion yuan [4]. - At Shanghai Clearing House, financial bonds (excluding policy - bank financial bonds) contributed the main increment, with a net monthly increase of 26.6 billion yuan; company credit - type bonds had a net monthly increase of 7.7706 billion yuan; interest - rate bonds had a net monthly increase of 6.8 billion yuan; inter - bank certificates of deposit had a net monthly increase of - 40.7479 billion yuan [4]. - At CCDC, treasury bonds contributed the main increment, with a net monthly increase of 76.1256 billion yuan; interest - rate bonds had a net monthly increase of 126.1742 billion yuan; credit bonds had a net monthly increase of - 37.3026 billion yuan [4]. 3.3 By Institution - Commercial banks were the main force in increasing bond holdings. The custody volume of commercial banks was 93.62 trillion yuan, with a net monthly increase of 60.6672 billion yuan [5]. - At Shanghai Clearing House, deposit - taking financial institutions, insurance companies, and securities institutions increased their bond holdings, with net monthly increases of 9.9437 billion yuan, 1.9957 billion yuan, and 0.3561 billion yuan respectively; policy - bank financial institutions, broad - based funds, and overseas institutions had negative net monthly increases in custody volume, which were - 6.6401 billion yuan, - 6.0279 billion yuan, and - 5.5686 billion yuan respectively [5]. - At CCDC, commercial banks were the main contributor to the increment, with a net monthly increase of 48.1213 billion yuan; securities and broad - based funds had negative net monthly increases in custody volume, which were - 3.8856 billion yuan and - 19.1230 billion yuan respectively [5]. 3.4 Leverage - The overall leverage ratio of the bond market increased slightly. In September, the overall leverage ratio of the bond market was 106.90% (previous value: 106.88%), a month - on - month increase of 0.03 percentage points [6]. - By institution, the leverage ratio of commercial banks was 104.40% (previous value: 104.58%), a month - on - month decrease of 0.18 percentage points; the leverage ratio of non - bank institutions was 109.96% (previous value: 109.66%), a month - on - month increase of 0.29 percentage points, among which the leverage ratio of securities companies was 141.28% (previous value: 138.54%), a month - on - month increase of 2.74 percentage points [6].

Core Insights - In the first three quarters of 2025, 73 enterprises in Henan province issued bonds in the interbank market, raising a total of 144.2 billion yuan, with 4 companies making their debut in bond issuance [1] - The balance of corporate debt financing tools in Henan reached 448.87 billion yuan by the end of September, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 8.6% [1] - The issuance of technology innovation bonds in Henan exceeded 13.72 billion yuan, with 9 companies participating [6] - The issuance of savings bonds in Henan reached 7.443 billion yuan, marking a year-on-year increase of 6.01% [8][9] Debt Market Dynamics - The total issuance of perpetual bonds and subordinated debt by commercial banks in 2025 has surpassed 1.26 trillion yuan [3] - The People's Bank of China conducted a 138.2 billion yuan reverse repurchase operation, resulting in a net injection of 94.7 billion yuan into the market [5] - The issuance of special refinancing bonds in Liaoning province is set at 5.546 billion yuan, aimed at repaying existing debts [11] Regional Highlights - The Zhengzhou High-tech Zone is seeking to support technology enterprises in issuing bonds for direct financing, offering subsidies for rating certification [12] - Yunnan province is promoting the issuance of bonds by private enterprises and encouraging local banks to invest in these bonds [14] Recent Issuance Activities - Anyang Steel Group successfully issued 500 million yuan in technology innovation bonds with an interest rate of 2.9% [18] - Luoyang Urban Development Group completed the issuance of 500 million yuan in renewable corporate bonds at a rate of 2.65% [17] - Kaifeng Development Investment Group issued 1 billion yuan in corporate bonds with a 3.15% interest rate [18] Market Sentiment - The Huayuan Fixed Income team expressed a bullish outlook on the bond market, predicting a downward trend in bond yields [25] - Xinda Fixed Income research indicated that while trade negotiations present uncertainties, liquidity remains assured, suggesting limited upward risk for the bond market [26]

Group 1 - Core viewpoint: The continuous decline in oil prices may lead to a drop in the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield to around 3.75%, reflecting the complex interplay between macroeconomic indicators [1] Group 2 - Oil price decline: International oil prices have been on a downward trend, with WTI crude oil prices falling from approximately $80 per barrel in January to below $58, nearing levels seen during the COVID-19 pandemic [2] - Factors influencing oil prices: The drop in oil prices is primarily driven by an oversupply of global crude oil and widespread concerns about slowing global economic growth [2] Group 3 - Impact of oil prices on bond yields: Lower energy costs typically ease inflationary pressures, which are crucial for the Federal Reserve's monetary policy decisions. A sustained decrease in inflation could enhance expectations for interest rate cuts, leading to rising bond prices and falling yields [4] - Recent bond market response: Since October, the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield has decreased by approximately 18 basis points, reflecting both expectations for future rate cuts and concerns about the stability of parts of the U.S. banking system [4] Group 4 - Unusual market phenomenon: A rare occurrence of simultaneous increases in both U.S. stock and bond prices suggests that investors anticipate a "Goldilocks" scenario, where economic growth slows enough to curb inflation without triggering a recession [5] Group 5 - Market focus: The upcoming Federal Reserve policy meeting and the release of the September core CPI data are critical, with economists predicting a month-over-month increase of 0.3%, consistent with August [6] Group 6 - Analyst perspective on bond market: Even with ongoing economic growth, there remains potential for further increases in the bond market. Predictions indicate that the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield could drop to the 3.60%-3.70% range, levels briefly reached last year [7] Group 7 - Dual impact of falling oil prices: The decline in oil prices has a dual effect on the economy; it lowers energy costs, enhancing consumer purchasing power and stimulating demand, while also indicating a potential cooling of global economic activity [8]

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content Core Viewpoints - In the second half of 2025, the economic growth rate may not decline significantly and has entered the horizontal part of the second L-shaped curve [7] - Structural issues such as prices are expected to improve trend - wise [7] - There will be a continuous switch in stock - bond allocation: bond yields and the stock market are expected to rise continuously [7] Summary by Related Catalogs General Public Budget Income - In September, general public budget income increased by 2.6% year - on - year, with central income up 3.5% and local income up 2.0% [4] - Tax revenue increased by 8.7% year - on - year, maintaining positive growth for 6 consecutive months. Except for some taxes, most tax types improved compared to August [4] - Securities trading stamp duty revenue continued to soar, with a year - on - year increase of 342.4% due to active stock market trading and a low base in 2024 [4] - Enterprise income tax increased by 19.6% year - on - year, driven by market vitality and improved industrial enterprise profits [4] - Non - tax revenue decreased by 11.4% year - on - year in September [4] Expenditure - In September, general public budget expenditure increased by 3.1% year - on - year, with central expenditure up 3.2% and local expenditure up 3.1% [5] - Infrastructure expenditure items such as urban and rural community affairs and agriculture, forestry and water affairs still declined, but the decline narrowed, driving the increase in fiscal expenditure [5] Governmental Fund Budget Income - In September, governmental fund income increased by 5.6% year - on - year, with central income up 2.4% and local income up 5.9% [6] - Land transfer income decreased by 1.0% year - on - year in September, and the cumulative decline from January to September was 4.2%, reaching the peak in 2025 [6] Expenditure - In September, governmental fund expenditure increased by 0.4% year - on - year, with central expenditure up 19.7% and local expenditure down 0.3% [6] - Land transfer expenditure decreased by 3.1% year - on - year in September, and the growth rate of governmental fund expenditure slowed down compared to August [6] Market - The market was insensitive to fundamental data. On October 17, affected by the US regional bank credit fraud event, the long - term yield trended downwards during the day [7] - The bond market trading may still be affected by the performance of the equity market and the implementation of regulations on fund redemption fees [7]