内外因素共振 节后市场情绪有望持续修复，且国内刺激政策将进入兑现阶段，A股市场或迎来趋势性做多机会。由于 大盘价值股盈利预期较为稳定，投资者可继续持有IH和IF多头头寸。 宽基指数PE/G(PE为市盈率，G为利润增长率)方面，仅上证50和沪深300指数的PE/G偏低，其他宽基指 数的PE/G都明显大于2，说明市场对盈利端的预期仍较低，随着财报期的结束，市场主要交易逻辑可能 从盈利预期切换到估值层面。 虽然人民币贬值可能提振中国商品的出口竞争力，但若以此对冲高关税影响，贬值幅度将非常大，且人 民币大幅贬值将使中国面临资本外流的压力，因此，国内刺激政策升级或是对冲关税影响的重要手段， 主要依靠财政、货币、住房和信贷政策支撑国内需求韧性。后续如果中美贸易谈判开启，人民币升值态 势将更加明确。 港股方面，随着离岸人民币汇率的走强，港股表现强势，5月2日香港恒生指数反弹1.74%。4月底中共 中央政治局会议定调积极，稳定了市场情绪，指出"外部冲击影响加大"，并强调加紧实施更加积极有为 的宏观政策，预计相关政策将在6月底之前陆续落地。 从A股市场情绪指数看，4月底A股市场情绪已出现小幅提升，虽然绝对水平仍偏低，但是A股市 ...

Core Viewpoint - The strong appreciation of the New Taiwan Dollar (TWD) against the US Dollar is driven by optimistic expectations in trade negotiations, increased dollar selling by Taiwanese exporters, and intensified foreign exchange hedging operations by life insurance companies [1] Group 1 - Taiwanese exporters are actively selling US Dollars, contributing to the appreciation of the New Taiwan Dollar [1] - Life insurance companies are increasing their foreign exchange hedging activities, further supporting the TWD's strength [1] - The intervention by the Central Bank of Taiwan in the foreign exchange market has decreased, which may also be a factor in the TWD's rise [1]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Aflac reported net earnings per diluted share of $0.05, significantly impacted by net investment losses compared to net investment gains in Q1 2024 [6] - Adjusted earnings per diluted share remained unchanged at $1.66 year-over-year [6][13] - Adjusted return on equity (ROE) was 12.7% excluding foreign currency remeasurement, indicating a solid performance [13] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Aflac Japan experienced a 12.6% year-over-year sales increase, driven by significant contributions from Sumitas and a 6.3% increase in cancer insurance sales [6][8] - Aflac US saw a 3.5% year-over-year increase in sales, with strong performance in group life, disability, and network dental [9][17] - Net earned premiums for Aflac Japan declined by 5%, while underlying earned premiums adjusted for deferred profit liability and other factors declined by 1.4% [14] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Aflac Japan's total benefit ratio was 65.8%, down 120 basis points year-over-year, while the U.S. total benefit ratio was 47.7%, up 120 basis points year-over-year [15][18] - Persistency in Japan improved to 93.8%, up 40 basis points year-over-year, while U.S. persistency increased to 79.3%, up 60 basis points year-over-year [16][17] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to appeal to younger customers through products like Sumitas and is focused on cross-selling medical and cancer policies [7][9] - Aflac continues to emphasize strong capital and cash flow management while maintaining a commitment to liquidity and capital ratios [10][11] - The company is strategically deploying capital, having repurchased $900 million in stock and paid $317 million in dividends in Q1 2025 [11][23] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the underlying strengths of the business and potential for continued growth in both Japan and the U.S. [12] - The company is closely monitoring economic trends and adjusting its capital management strategies accordingly [38][41] - Management highlighted the importance of maintaining strong premium persistency and adapting to market conditions [10][11] Other Important Information - Aflac Japan launched a new cancer insurance product in March 2025, which is expected to contribute positively to sales [54] - The company has a robust hedging strategy in place to manage foreign currency exposure, particularly related to the yen [26][97] Q&A Session Summary Question: Why did the ESR ratio decline in Q1? - Management explained that the decline was due to the strengthening yen, partially offset by higher Japan interest rates and dividends flowing to Aflac Inc. [32][33] Question: How should we think about capital planning given recent macro changes? - Management indicated that capital management is designed with a long-term view and is not expected to change significantly despite macroeconomic volatility [37][41] Question: What are the expectations for the new cancer product sales? - Management expressed confidence that the new cancer product will continue to grow, with expectations for sales in 2025 to exceed those of 2024 [54][100] Question: How is the competitive landscape for medical insurance in Japan? - Management acknowledged increased competition but emphasized Aflac's pioneering position in cancer insurance and ongoing efforts to maintain market share [58][59] Question: How are remeasurement gains expected to trend? - Management noted that significant remeasurement gains are typically unlocked in the third quarter, with smaller adjustments in other quarters [63][66] Question: Is there any anti-U.S. sentiment affecting sales in Japan? - Management stated that there is no observable anti-American sentiment affecting the business, citing strong economic ties between the U.S. and Japan [116][117]

广发证券 资深宏观分析师 王丹 bjwangdan@ gf.com.cn 广发宏观郭磊团队 摘要 第一， 4月制造业PMI环比下行1.5个点至49.0，环比降幅明显大于2014年以来季节性均值的0.8个点。中观景气面同步放缓，位于扩张区间的行业个数由前值 的8个减少至5个。前期公布的EPMI、BCI指数和PMI指向一致，可以相互印证，显示外需的影响在初步形成。 第二， 从分项指标看，从出口订单向生产、价格、就业的传递链条较为清晰。（1）出口订单环比下行4.3个点至44.7，绝对景气水平为过去10年仅好于2020 和2022年4月的偏低水平，显示了关税落地对外需的影响；（2）企业生产量指标4月环比下降2.8个点，且代表企业未来生产意愿的采购指标环比下降5.5个 点，是所有分项指标中环比降幅最大的，显示了企业在外部冲击下主动调整当期和未来生产的表现；（3）购进和出厂价格环比分别下降2.8和3.1个点，尤其是 出厂价格环比降幅创下过去8个月新低，3月PPI环比已经下降0.4个点的背景下，输入性价格下跌过程尚未结束；（4）雇员指标环比下降0.3个点，这一指标已 经环比连续2个月放缓。 第三， 哪些行业相对来说受影响较 ...

季节性因素叠加外部环境变化，制造业PMI降至收缩区间 徐超 S1190521050001 证券分析师： 分析师登记编号： 万琦 S1190524070001 证券分析师： 分析师登记编号： 宏观 证券研究报告 |点评报告 2025/4/30 4月PMI数据点评—— 目录 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 守正 出奇 宁静 致远 1、季节性因素叠加外部环境变化，制造业PMI降至收缩区间 2、非制造业保持平稳扩张 ➢ 中国4月官方制造业PMI49.0，预期49.8，前值50.5。 ➢ 中国4月非制造业PMI50.4，预期50.6，前值50.8。 图表1：PMI数据主要分项 1、季节性因素叠加外部环境变化，制造业PMI降至收缩区间 ➢制造业PMI重回临界水平以下。4月制造业PMI为49.0%，比上月下降1.5个百分点，降幅较为明显并且重回收缩区间。对此可以从季节 性因素以及外部环境变化两个角度去理解。一方面，4月制造业PMI的边际下行符合季节性特征。PMI为环比性质指标，3月为制造业 旺季，会形成较高基数，因此4月往往会出现不同程度的向下调整。2016年至今4月制造业PMI环比均为负增。另一方面，1.5个百分 点的 ...

Market Performance - Government bond futures closed higher across the board, with the 30-year main contract rising by 0.69% to 120.980, the 10-year main contract up by 0.23% to 109.120, the 5-year main contract increasing by 0.13% to 106.070, and the 2-year main contract slightly up by 0.01% to 102.332 [1] - The yields on major interbank bonds generally declined, with the 10-year government bond "24附息国债 11" yield down by 2.10 basis points to 1.6200%, and the 3-year government bond "25附息国债 05" yield down by 1.75 basis points to 1.4950% [1] Funding Conditions - The central bank announced a 7-day reverse repurchase operation of 340.5 billion yuan at a fixed rate of 1.50%, with a net injection of 120 billion yuan for the day [2] - Overnight and 7-day pledged repo rates showed mixed movements, with the former declining by over 5 basis points and the latter rising by over 3 basis points due to month-end factors [2] Policy Developments - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has issued a notice to allocate an additional 81 billion yuan in special long-term bonds to support the consumption upgrade policy [3] - The NDRC aims to enhance coordination and expedite the disbursement of funds to alleviate the financial burden on enterprises and ensure that benefits reach consumers directly [3] Operational Recommendations - Economic indicators for April, including credit and price data, are expected to face pressure, with a focus on domestic demand to offset external demand [4] - The government is likely to increase the issuance of existing bond balances, with May anticipated to be a peak for government bond supply in Q2 [4] Market Outlook - The market's main logic may shift towards fundamentals and policy, with overall volatility expected [5] - The 10-year government bond yield is projected to fluctuate between 1.55% and 1.75%, with potential for bond futures to remain strong [5] - Investors are advised to consider buying on dips, especially in light of the upcoming PMI index release, which is expected to be in the range of 48% to 50.5% [5]

在关税相关消息令市场大幅波动之际，一直按兵不动的对冲基金经理们仍然不愿进行任何重大押注，但有一个重大 例外：做空美国股票。 根据桥水联合基金（Bridgewater Associates Ltd.）前高管鲍勃・埃利奥特（Bob Elliott）提供的数据，所谓的市场信 心，即衡量对冲基金对执行特定投资策略的信心指标，在跌至近几十年来的最低水平附近后，目前正有所回升。截 至3月底，包括外汇、债券和大宗商品在内的主要资产类别头寸已跌至2000年以来最低的10%分位区间，目前仍处 于疲弱状态。 如今，即使个人股票交易员奉行逢低买入的策略，所谓的"聪明资金"却越来越多地为进一步下跌做准备，至少在美 国市场是这样。周二，标普500指数连续第六个交易日上涨，创下自去年11月以来最长的连涨纪录。 埃利奥特说："对于对冲基金来说，在这样的环境中进行操作是一个充满挑战的事情。他们应对政策波动的部分方 式，是从风险角度保持可用的现金储备，这样当市场有明确方向时，他们就能迅速做出调整。" Unlimited利用机器学习来分析主要对冲基金投资风格的总体持仓和回报情况。该公司利用这些分析来构建投资组 合，力求复制对冲基金的投资，其中包 ...

Group 1 - The S&P 500 index rose by 32.08 points, or 0.58%, marking its sixth consecutive day of gains, but several Wall Street firms warn that the options market's hedging costs have dropped to historical lows, indicating potential underpricing of risks by investors [1] - The Cboe Volatility Index (VIX) closed at 25, down more than half from its peak of 60 on April 7, with a decline in demand for options to hedge against "tail risks" seen as a sign of market bottoming [3] - Current market pricing is considered overly optimistic regarding tariff risks, with significant tariffs potentially undermining investor confidence, yet the options market has not adequately reflected such risk premiums [3] Group 2 - The current market rebound is viewed as a technical rise driven by short covering rather than a solid improvement in fundamentals, with core issues like tariff outcomes and corporate earnings still unresolved [4] - There is a divergence in hedging strategies among institutions, with some focusing on economic risks over the next 6 to 9 months and suggesting the construction of hedging positions that limit costs and provide clear downside protection [4]

Group 1 - Hedge fund managers are largely bearish on U.S. stocks, significantly increasing short positions despite recent market rebounds [1][5] - The market confidence indicator for hedge funds has recently improved after hitting a decades-low, but overall asset class holdings remain weak [1][4] - The uncertain policy environment, exacerbated by President Trump's tariff measures, has led to a conservative stance among Wall Street professionals [1][5] Group 2 - Hedge funds are reducing long positions in U.S. stocks while increasing bets on European and Japanese equities, contrasting with their previous bullish outlook [5][8] - Many hedge funds see attractive long opportunities in the financial and banking sectors due to improving fundamentals and relatively low valuations [8] - Emerging market investments have performed well, with a reported return of 6.3% in Q1, significantly outperforming the overall hedge fund industry return of 1.7% [8] Group 3 - The U.S. faces three major challenges: federal policies potentially dragging down economic growth, declining interest from foreign investors in U.S. assets, and increasing policy uncertainty [8] - Current stock price expectations do not fully reflect the potential for economic slowdown, despite a recent decline in the dollar [8]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles indicates that the price of coking coal continues to decline in 2023, with the Shanxi Jiexiu medium-sulfur coking coal price dropping from 1310 RMB/ton at the beginning of the year to 1140 RMB/ton as of April 24, marking a near three-year low [1][2] - The primary reason for the decline in coking coal prices is a loose supply-demand balance, with domestic coal mines resuming production faster than in previous years, leading to an increase in supply [2][3] - In the first quarter of 2023, China's coking coal supply reached 117.27 million tons, and imports totaled 27.43 million tons, reflecting year-on-year growth of 6.3% and 2.0%, respectively [2] Group 2 - The futures market for coking coal has seen a shift, with the coking coal futures contract turning from a premium to a discount against the spot market, indicating a bearish market sentiment [3][4] - Analysts suggest that the widening basis in coking coal futures is due to increased supply expectations and cautious purchasing behavior from downstream buyers [3][4] - The participation of coking coal industry players in the futures market has increased, with over 50% of futures positions held by corporate clients as of 2024, indicating a growing trend in risk management [5][7] Group 3 - The quality standards for coking coal delivery are strictly monitored, ensuring that the delivered products meet the requirements of downstream steel and coking plants [6][7] - The introduction of a brand delivery system for coking coal in December 2024 aims to enhance the economic viability of futures contracts and facilitate risk management for steel and coking industry players [7][8] - Continuous and stable production is crucial for producers, and coking coal futures serve as a risk management tool to mitigate adverse price fluctuations [7]