报告日期：2025 年 12 月 29 日 申银万国期货研究所 首席点评： 贵金属延续强势 十四届全国人大四次会议于 2026 年 3 月 5 日在北京召开，全国政协十四届四次 会议于 2026 年 3 月 4 日在北京召开。全国财政工作会议 12 月 27 日至 28 日在 北京召开。会议指出，2026 年继续实施更加积极的财政政策。一是扩大财政支出 盘子，确保必要支出力度。二是优化政府债券工具组合，更好发挥债券效益。三 是提高转移支付资金效能，增强地方自主可用财力。四是持续优化支出结构，强 化重点领域保障。五是加强财政金融协同，放大政策效能。中国 11 月规模以上 工业企业利润同比下降 13.1%，前 11 个月同比微增，高技术制造业利润增速加 快。俄罗斯总统助理乌沙科夫 28 日说，俄总统普京当天与美国总统特朗普通电 话，双方均认为，以公民投票为借口暂时停火只会延长俄乌冲突。 重点品种：贵金属，股指，铜 贵金属：现货白银快速拉升，继续刷新历史新高。美国 11 月 CPI 同比 2.7%， 低于预期的 3.1%，核心 CPI 同比 2.6%，低于预期的 3%。CPI 大幅不及预期， 引发市场质疑，但 CP ...

Group 1 - The article highlights that 39 out of 360 industry/theme ETFs reached new highs in December, with established sectors like telecommunications and non-ferrous metals reflecting North American AI infrastructure and resource logic, while new sectors like commercial aerospace ETFs are gaining attention during market fluctuations [2] - The focus on sectors such as chemicals and engineering machinery indicates a shift in China's manufacturing competitiveness towards pricing power, while sectors related to anti-involution, like new energy and steel, are also showing signs of recovery [2] - The investment strategy suggests a preference for sectors with low heat and concentration but potential for long-term ROE improvement, such as chemicals, engineering machinery, and new energy, alongside a keen observation of the trend of RMB appreciation [3] Group 2 - The article discusses the favorable conditions for the spring market rally, emphasizing liquidity-driven characteristics in the A-share market, with expectations for a surge in the CSI A500 ETF towards year-end [3] - It notes that the spring market is supported by loose liquidity, with private equity making concentrated purchases and the RMB's appreciation benefiting market liquidity [3] - The potential for a spring rally is further supported by upcoming events like the Spring Festival and the Two Sessions, which may enhance risk appetite [3] Group 3 - The article indicates that the RMB's appreciation post "breaking 7" is expected to have a positive impact on both the currency and capital markets, with a potential for a spring rally [4][5] - It outlines four key logic points regarding the impact of RMB appreciation on industry allocation, including benefits for industries with high import reliance, those with significant foreign currency liabilities, and domestic demand-driven sectors [5] - The article suggests that the current market conditions do not show clear signs of a bull market peak, with internal policies remaining supportive and external risks easing [6] Group 4 - The article identifies new investment themes emerging in the commodity market and real industry chains, highlighting the increasing consumption of physical goods in manufacturing sectors and the strengthening of China's manufacturing advantages [7] - It recommends focusing on industrial resource products that resonate with AI investment and global manufacturing recovery, as well as sectors like equipment exports and domestic manufacturing recovery [7] - The article emphasizes the importance of capital market expansion and the potential for non-bank financial sectors to benefit from improving asset returns [7] Group 5 - The article states that the A-share market's cross-year rally has begun, driven by positive signals from the Shanghai Composite Index and optimistic institutional investor expectations [8] - It highlights the importance of sectors like non-ferrous metals and AI computing, with commercial aerospace being a primary market focus [8] - The article suggests that the spring market may see a structural and rapid rotation of sectors, with a recommendation for investors to adopt a low-buying strategy [12]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the appreciation of the Renminbi (RMB) against the US dollar, highlighting key factors contributing to this trend and projecting further strengthening in the coming years [6]. Group 1: Economic Factors Influencing RMB Appreciation - The RMB has shown a trend reversal since April, moving from depreciation to appreciation, with the exchange rate surpassing 7.1 and approaching the 7 mark [6]. - Four main factors are identified as driving the RMB's strength: the expansion of the current account surplus, easing trade conflicts, increasing purchasing power of the RMB, and the potential continued depreciation of the US dollar [6]. - China's current account surplus is expected to reach a historical high in 2025, providing significant support for the appreciation of the RMB [7]. Group 2: Implications for the Chinese Economy - A sustained weak US dollar and rising international commodity prices, along with a moderate appreciation of the RMB, could alleviate the impact of rising raw material prices on the Chinese economy and enhance the international purchasing power of Chinese residents [5].

港股人民币升值板块盘初冲高，玖龙纸业涨超6%，中国国航涨超3%，晨鸣纸业、中国东方航空股份、 中国南方航空股份跟涨。 ...

Group 1 - Recent acceleration in RMB appreciation reflects a weaker USD and year-end "settlement tide," leading to a consensus expectation for RMB strengthening [1][5][12] - The RMB has appreciated significantly against non-USD currencies, with a 2.45% decline in USD/RMB exchange rate in the first half of the year, while the USD index fell by 10.79% [4][5] - The year-end settlement period traditionally sees strong demand for RMB as export companies convert foreign earnings, further supporting RMB appreciation [5][11] Group 2 - Short-term support for RMB appreciation is expected from the delayed effects of corporate settlement demand, with historical data indicating a 3-6 month lag [9][12] - The upcoming Spring Festival is anticipated to provide ample time for settlement demand to be released, potentially boosting RMB strength in January [11][12] - The reversal of previous pressures on RMB, such as domestic deflation and declining asset returns, is expected to strengthen the RMB's upward momentum in the medium to long term [8][19][56] Group 3 - Historical analysis shows that during previous RMB appreciation cycles, both A-shares and H-shares generally performed well, with a strong negative correlation to the USD/RMB exchange rate [30][34] - The four previous RMB appreciation cycles since 2016 have seen A-shares rise, while H-shares have shown varying performance based on external liquidity sensitivity [30][34][56] - The primary drivers of stock performance during these cycles include domestic economic strength and external monetary easing [30][56] Group 4 - RMB appreciation impacts industry configuration through four main channels: reducing import costs, lowering foreign debt costs, enhancing domestic purchasing power, and attracting foreign capital back to Chinese assets [57][58] - Industries with high import dependency, such as coal, steel, and certain chemicals, are expected to benefit from reduced costs due to RMB appreciation [36][57] - Sectors with significant foreign currency liabilities, like construction and logistics, will see lower debt servicing costs, enhancing profitability [42][57] Group 5 - The RMB's strengthening is projected to enhance domestic consumption, particularly in sectors like cross-border e-commerce, luxury goods, and hospitality [45][48][57] - The shift in foreign capital preferences towards growth sectors such as electronics, automotive, and machinery is expected to continue, reinforcing the current market trends [51][52] - The anticipated capital inflow due to RMB appreciation could lead to a significant revaluation of Chinese assets, estimated at around $1.2 trillion [22][56]

今年以来，A股迎来了创立以来的第三次站上4000点。我们展望2026年，这一行情并未结束，具体原因如下： 首先，A股整体仍偏制造业属性，基于这一特点，我们来看制造业的整体情况。2025年制造业整体的资本开支和在建工程仍处于负增长区间，仅同比有小幅 回升。展望2026年，制造业同比反弹力度或进一步拖累的程度可能不会像今年这么显著，我们认为，明年制造业对整体GDP增速的贡献大概率会高于今年， 基本面改善的趋势性概率也在提升。 资料来源：Wind，申万宏源研究 海外市场方面，今年关税冲突后，全球经济韧性好于我们的整体预期。《美丽大法案》的公布与顺利推进，本质上是美国财政扩张的体现；近期美国政府的 停摆更多是一次性影响。另外，12月份降息落地后的相关表述，让大家担心2026年的货币政策会相对偏鹰，但更值得关注的是，美联储在12月降息后开启了 技术性扩表——这次扩表发生在12月1日宣布结束扩表后的两周，属于技术性扩表。这样的政策表述略显出尔反尔，也能说明美国的财政压力依然较大。 我们认为，在已实施扩表的背景下，2026年至少有一点确定性较高，那就是人民币对美元将进一步升值，这一点近期市场已有所体现。人民币对美元的进一 ...

Market Performance - The Shanghai Composite Index has achieved a strong eight consecutive days of gains, stabilizing above 3900 points, with the Wind All A Index rising by 2.78%, the CSI 500 increasing by 2.75%, and the CSI 2000 up by 3.06% [1] - The average daily trading volume in the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets reached 1.95 trillion yuan, an increase of approximately 250 billion yuan compared to the previous week [1] Industry Analysis - In the CITIC primary industry sectors, most sectors saw gains, with non-ferrous metals and basic chemicals leading the rise, while retail, banking, and coal sectors experienced declines [1] Economic Data - November industrial enterprise profits continued to decline year-on-year, with a drop of 13.1%, marking the lowest level since September 2024. Meanwhile, operating revenue showed a slight recovery with a year-on-year growth rate of -0.3% [2] - The decline in profit growth is primarily attributed to a significant drop in profit margins, despite a slight recovery in industrial growth and stable price factors [2] Funding and Market Sentiment - The margin trading balance rose again, with a weekly average of 2.53 trillion yuan, indicating that market sentiment remains strong [2] - There was a slight outflow of funds from Hong Kong stocks, with a total outflow of 1.175 billion yuan from southbound funds in the past week [2] International Economic Indicators - The U.S. third-quarter GDP data showed a strong growth rate of 4.3%, the fastest in two years, driven by robust consumer spending and a 5.4% increase in business equipment spending, particularly in computer equipment and AI data center investments [4] - Several U.S. officials have reinforced expectations for interest rate cuts, with discussions around adjusting inflation targets to a range [4] - Commodities, especially precious metals, performed strongly, with gold, silver, lithium carbonate, and copper prices rising by 4.41%, 18.31%, 8.12%, and 2.12% respectively [4] Currency Trends - The offshore RMB has strengthened against the U.S. dollar, surpassing the 7.0 mark, reaching a 15-month high, which is expected to enhance the attractiveness of Chinese assets to global capital [5] - The RMB exchange rate is anticipated to maintain a strong trend in the short term, with a potential for moderate appreciation by 2026 [5] Investment Opportunities - The CSI 500 index, which covers leading companies across various sectors, is seen as a balanced investment option for investors looking for defensive and growth potential in a fluctuating market [5] - Investors interested in conveniently accessing core assets across industries may consider the CSI 500 ETF (159338) [5]

离岸人民币持续升值！ 对股市有何影响 20251227 摘要 上游资源如铜、镍、碳酸锂价格上涨，或预示春季行情启动，投资者可 关注贵金属、有色金属等板块，并采用 ETF 网格策略降低风险。 人民币升值与港股回调并存，反映外资对港股短期前景不确定性增加， 需综合考虑宏观经济、政策及国际形势等因素。 A 股成交量创历史新高，但需关注成交量能否稳定在 2 万亿以上，以及 高位板块能否顶住压力，以判断市场反弹空间。 港股面临圣诞假期资金避险及外资观望情绪影响，短期波动风险增加， 但基本面和估值仍具潜力。 美元走弱预期增强，导致结汇需求增加，人民币升值，增加了港股投资 的持仓成本和参与成本。 外资对中国经济复苏持乐观态度，但需政策落地和数据验证，目前观望 情绪浓厚，影响港股增量资金。 北证 50 专注于"专精特新"企业，长期发展前景乐观，但基本面不够 稳健，波动性较大，适合短线操作。 Q&A 近期市场行情出现了哪些变化，如何看待这些变化？ 最近市场行情出现了显著的变化。首先，A 股市场表现出色，指数开始修复， 而港股市场则相对疲弱，仍处于回调状态。其次，人民币汇率持续升值，同时 贵金属价格也进入新一轮上涨周期，包括铜、 ...

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The focus is on the impact of the appreciation of the Renminbi (RMB) on export companies and the overall market dynamics in 2026, particularly in the context of the US and European markets [1][4][7]. Key Points and Arguments - **Impact of RMB Appreciation**: The appreciation of the RMB poses challenges to export companies by affecting financial costs, particularly through foreign currency exchange gains and losses. Companies can respond by implementing price increases, adjusting product structures, and enhancing capacity utilization [1][2]. - **Market Expectations for RMB**: The RMB is expected to fluctuate between 6.8 and 7 against the USD in 2026, driven by year-end settlement demands and market expectations. The People's Bank of China is likely to actively manage the exchange rate to prevent excessive volatility [1][4]. - **Characteristics of Resilient Companies**: Companies that can better cope with RMB appreciation typically have high net profit margins, the ability to raise prices, and optimized structures, such as increased overseas production and a higher proportion of high-margin products [5][6]. - **Positive Outlook for Consumer Goods**: The consumer goods sector is expected to perform well due to lower price sensitivity compared to B2B industries, allowing for smoother price increases [6]. - **US Market Recovery**: The US market is anticipated to enter a recovery phase in 2026, supported by improved inflation control, job growth, and government stimulus measures, which will enhance consumer purchasing power [7][8]. - **Real Estate Market Dynamics**: The US real estate market has reached a low point and is expected to benefit from interest rate cuts, contributing positively to overall economic recovery and consumer spending [9]. - **Manufacturing and Capital Expenditure**: Lower interest rates are expected to benefit manufacturing and commercial capital expenditures, with a potential increase in equipment prices as demand recovers [10]. - **Emerging Markets Opportunities**: Emerging markets are less affected by RMB appreciation and present investment opportunities due to increased global capital expenditure and industrial shifts to Southeast Asia [11]. - **Investment Recommendations**: Companies with high operational efficiency that can effectively transfer costs to end product prices are recommended for investment. Additionally, emerging markets are seen as having stronger future demand, particularly influenced by US interest rate cuts [12]. Other Important Insights - **Consumer Behavior**: The anticipated recovery in consumer spending in the US is expected to be driven by a combination of improved economic conditions and government incentives, which will stimulate demand for discretionary goods [8]. - **Inventory Levels**: Current inventory levels in the US are reasonable, indicating that previous tariff impacts have not led to significant stockpiling, which bodes well for future consumption [8]. This summary encapsulates the critical insights from the conference call, highlighting the implications of RMB appreciation on export companies and the broader economic landscape in 2026.

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Records Industry or Company Involved - The discussion primarily revolves around the impact of the appreciation of the Renminbi (RMB) on various industries, including steel, non-ferrous metals, petrochemicals, paper, aviation, and real estate. The focus is also on the financial sector, particularly banks and insurance companies, as well as the performance of the Hong Kong stock market. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Market Outlook and Trends** - The market is expected to undergo a short-term consolidation, waiting for support from the five-day moving average, with a bullish sentiment anticipated post-New Year [1][2] - The upcoming announcement of the new Federal Reserve Chair by President Trump is seen as a potential catalyst for market movement [3][4] 2. **Beneficial Industries from RMB Appreciation** - Industries benefiting from RMB appreciation include steel, non-ferrous metals, petrochemicals, paper, and aviation fuel on the cost side, while airlines and real estate are on the liability side [1][5] - The financial sector, particularly state-owned banks and insurance companies, is expected to see asset revaluation due to foreign capital inflow [6][7] 3. **Investment Recommendations** - Three main investment directions are recommended: - **RMB Asset Revaluation**: Focus on industries benefiting from RMB strength, including steel, petrochemicals, and aviation [5][7] - **Overseas Expansion**: Anticipation of strong overseas economic growth in 2026, with a focus on the "奔马 50" portfolio, which has shown a 10% absolute return recently [5][11] - **Tech IPO Supply Chain**: Companies related to tech IPOs, such as Suiren and Changxin Storage, are expected to benefit from increased capital expenditure [5] 4. **Historical Performance During RMB Appreciation** - Historical data indicates that sectors like steel, petrochemicals, and consumer goods have shown positive performance during previous RMB appreciation periods [9] 5. **Evaluation of Industry Benefits** - The evaluation of industry benefits during RMB appreciation is based on three dimensions: sensitivity of net profit to exchange rate changes, changes in gross profit margins, and improvements in foreign exchange gains reported in financial statements [8] Other Important but Possibly Overlooked Content 1. **Impact of Year-End Settlement Demand** - Year-end corporate settlement demand is expected to support the RMB exchange rate, with employment demand at a high level [10] 2. **Market Dynamics and Investor Behavior** - The market is expected to see reduced activity as many institutional investors take holidays, leading to a potential decrease in trading volume [2] 3. **Potential Risks** - Concerns about the withdrawal of large funds from the A500 ETF post-New Year, although there is optimism that insurance funds may continue to invest due to bullish market expectations [4]