Group 1 - The first key time point is early March during the National People's Congress (NPC), where the annual economic growth target and major policy resource allocations will be clarified, particularly focusing on fiscal funding directions [2] - The second key time point is in mid to late March, when local investment conditions will start to become clear, coinciding with the traditional peak construction season, allowing for assessment of overall investment density and strength through key physical workload indicators [2] - The third key time point is the second quarter, which serves as an important window for observing consumer activity, as specific policy frameworks and benefits will be released following the NPC's direction to enhance consumption rates [3]

稳预期（外部）、稳就业（内部）、稳市场（金融）将是观察全面降息可能落地的主线。 日前，央行发布2025年第四季度中国货币政策执行报告（下称《报告》）。在货币政策方面，表述延续 中央经济工作会议的定调，强调"灵活高效运用降准降息等多种政策工具"。但与三季度报告内容相比， 一些表述的微调仍引起市场的关注。 综合市场分析来看，货币政策与财政政策需不断加强协同配合，引导社会资本参与促消费、扩投资，共 同支持稳增长、调结构，合力推动经济高质量发展。货币政策在总量层面相对从容，或继续在结构上发 力，全面降息仍需等待时机，稳预期（外部）、稳就业（内部）、稳市场（金融）将是观察全面降息可 能落地的主线。 第二种模式是把央行再贷款工具与财政贴息政策结合起来，再贷款通过激励金融机构，从供给端引导信 贷投向，财政贴息通过补贴企业和个人，从需求端优化经济结构，两者同向发力，促进金融资源优化配 置。科技创新和技术改造再贷款、新设的民营企业再贷款、以及服务消费与养老再贷款都是这方面的典 型案例。 银河证券研究报告认为，这意味着结构性货币政策工具的创设、优化实施，结构性降息将和财政贴息成 为政策组合工具。未来结构性货币政策工具将成为央行投 ...

2026 年 2 月 11 日 总量研究 如何解读 2025 年四季度货币政策执行报告？ ——2025Q4 货币政策执行报告学习体会 作者 分析师：王佳雯 执业证书编号：S0930524010001 021-52523870 wangjiawen@ebscn.com 分析师：赵格格 执业证书编号：S0930521010001 0755-23946159 zhaogege@ebscn.com 要点 事件：2026 年 2 月 10 日，中国人民银行发布《2025 年第四季度中国货币政策 执行报告》。 核心观点： 2025Q4 货政报告中，央行肯定了国内经济工作成果和物价回升的积极变化， 对 2026 年国内经济增长较为乐观。货币政策基调不变，提出要稳定短端利率， 可能顺应推出相应政策工具；降息更需要"择时"，但应关注汇率持续升值对 货币政策调节的影响；重申货币政策和财政政策的协同配合，关注到"大资 管"行业内部资金流动产生的摩擦，流动性总体无忧，利好国内股债市场。 一、如何解读 2025 年四季度货币政策执行报告？ 国内宏观方面：2025 年经济工作圆满完成，物价运行呈现积极变化。《2025 年第四季度货币政策 ...

Investment Rating - The report indicates a cautious investment outlook for the Chinese economy, with expected GDP growth targets adjusted to a range of 4.5%-5% for 2026, reflecting a conservative approach to fiscal policy and economic expectations [1][7]. Core Insights - The Chinese economy is experiencing uneven growth, with exports and manufacturing growth exceeding 5%, while the real estate sector is significantly declining, indicating a structural economic transition towards technology innovation [1][3]. - Local government meetings have revealed a downward adjustment in growth targets for 2026, with a weighted average decrease from 5.3% to 5.1%, suggesting a cautious outlook across most provinces [5][6]. - The anticipated appreciation of the Renminbi (RMB) is about 4% for 2026, which is higher than the market's implied rate of 2.5%, but the negative impacts on exports and inflation are expected to be limited [1][9][13]. Summary by Sections Economic Growth Expectations - The expected GDP growth target for 2026 is set between 4.5% and 5%, with an inflation target maintained at around 2% [7]. - The fiscal deficit is projected to remain at approximately 4% of GDP, with special government bond issuance expected to be consistent with the previous year [7]. Local Government Insights - A majority of provinces have lowered their growth targets, with 21 out of 31 provinces adjusting their goals downwards, indicating a collective preparation for a more cautious economic environment [5][6]. - Core provinces like Beijing and Shanghai have maintained their growth targets around 5%, while Guangdong has adjusted its target down to 4.5%-5% [5]. Currency and Inflation - The RMB is expected to appreciate by about 4% in 2026, which may lead to increased export prices and reduced import prices, potentially exacerbating deflationary pressures [11][13]. - CPI is projected to decrease to 0.3% year-on-year in January 2026, while PPI is expected to be -1.4%, indicating a need to monitor manufacturing cost-driven inflation [16]. Market Dynamics - The stock market has shown strong performance at the beginning of 2026, despite significant sell-offs by state-owned entities, with retail investor sentiment remaining high [17]. - There has been a strong inflow of capital from southbound investments, with net purchases reaching $16 billion, indicating robust interest in Hong Kong stocks [18]. Real Estate Market Outlook - The real estate market is expected to reach a bottom within at least 12 months, with current policy support deemed insufficient to stimulate demand effectively [29].

国债期货日报 | 2026-02-11 财政：（3）财政：2025年全年财政收支整体未达预期，收入受税收走弱与非税高基数拖累，全年一般公共预算收 入同比下降1.7%；支出节奏前置，年末力度减弱，全年完成度偏低。结构上呈现分化特征，民生支出总体稳定， 基建类支出占比下降，土地财政收入持续疲软。展望2026年，财政政策预计延续积极，强调"总量增加、结构更优"， 支出力度有望加强，节奏继续前置，对稳增长形成支撑。（4）金融：2025年前12个月份社会融资规模增量累计为 35.6万亿元，比去年同期3.34万亿：12月末，M2余额340.29万亿，同比+8.5%；M1余额115.51万亿，同比+3.8%。 12月末人民币贷款余额同比+6.2%，存款余额同比+8.7%。信贷方面居民与企业融资明显分化，居民贷款减少反映 内生需求仍弱，企业贷款则同比多增，体现政策支持效果逐步显现。（5）央行：2026-02-10，央行以固定利率1.4%、 数量招标方式开展了3114亿元7天的逆回购操作。（6）货币市场：主要期限回购利率1D、7D、14D和1M分别为1.362%、 1.531%、1.604% 和1.551%，回购利率近期回落。 ...

证券研究报告 | 宏观研究 gszqdatemark 2026 02 11 年 月 日 宏观点评 存款"流失"的变与不变—央行四季度货币政策报告 6 大信号 事件：2 月 10 日，央行发布《2025 年第四季度中国货币政策执行报 告》（后文简称《报告》）。 核心结论：本次报告的定调基本延续此前 Q3 报告、Q4 货政例会、1.15 国新办发布会等的表述，包括对国内经济延续乐观，继续"实施好适度 宽松的货币政策"、"着力扩大内需、优化供给，做优增量、盘活存量" 等。但相较 Q3 报告，也有不少新变化，重点关注两方面，一是政策定 调上新增"把促进经济稳定增长作为货币政策的重要考量"，指向未来 基本面走弱仍是触发货币宽松的重要变量；二是社会融资成本方面， 从上季度的"推动成本下降"变为"促进成本低位运行"，预示央行在 降息操作上会更加谨慎，应较难看到快速的、大幅的、持续的降息操 作。本次报告的专栏信息量也较大，一是专栏 3 讨论了居民存款"流 失"对流动性的影响，明确指出居民存款流向资管产品等，确实会导致 "银行负债端结构变化"，但并不会使得"整个金融体系和实体经济的 流动性状况也会随之发生类似较大的变化"；二是 ...

Monetary Policy Insights - By the end of 2025, the loan interest rate decreased by 10 basis points to 3.15%, with general loan rates falling by 12 basis points to 3.55%[2][10] - The central bank's excess reserve ratio rose to 1.5% by the end of 2025, up 0.1 percentage points from September and 0.4 percentage points year-on-year[2][10] Fiscal and Monetary Coordination - The report emphasizes the coordination between monetary and fiscal policies, highlighting three main modes of collaboration: supporting government bond issuance, using "re-lending + fiscal subsidies," and risk-sharing mechanisms[3][12] - The government is expected to be the main driver of leverage in 2026, with limited room for significant rate cuts due to the need to maintain low financing costs[3][12] Liquidity and Financial Structure - The central bank aims to merge asset management products with bank deposits to better observe liquidity, indicating that changes in deposit structure do not significantly affect total liquidity[4][13] - The growth rate of combined household and corporate deposits aligns closely with M2 growth, showing no significant volatility in overall liquidity[4][13] Economic Outlook and Policy Focus - The central bank expresses concerns over economic conditions, including trade barriers and inflation risks, while emphasizing the need for macro policy consistency and flexibility in counter-cyclical adjustments for 2026[5][15] - Future monetary policy will focus on expanding domestic demand and optimizing supply, with an emphasis on service consumption and new productive capacities[5][15] Risk Considerations - Potential risks include unexpected policy changes, slower-than-expected economic recovery, and the possibility of historical economic patterns not holding true in the current context[6][19][20]

新华财经北京2月11日电（记者翟卓）中国人民银行10日发布的《2025年第四季度中国货币政策执行报 告》显示，从金融总量、价格、结构等多个角度观察，2025年适度宽松的货币政策效果已逐步显现，助 力全年经济社会发展主要目标顺利实现。 往后看，前期存量政策的效果将持续显现，适度宽松的货币政策也将继续实施，加之货币政策与财政政 策协同还可叠加释放政策效能，金融支持实体经济的力度有望保持稳固，物价也有望进一步温和回升。 另据此次报告专栏，流动性总量宜从多元化资产负债合并角度观察，居民资产配置调整不意味着流动性 出现较大变化。 直接融资加快多元发展 物价呈现积极边际改善 报告显示，2025年适度宽松的货币政策效果逐步显现。期间金融总量保持较快增长，社会综合融资成本 低位下行，信贷结构也持续优化。 例如截至去年末，我国科技贷款、绿色贷款、普惠贷款、养老产业贷款、数字经济产业贷款分别同比增 长11.5%、20.2%、10.9%、50.5%、14.1%，持续高于全部贷款增速。 在受访专家看来，上年适度宽松的货币政策具有累积效应，存量政策效果还会持续显现。今年初人民银 行又推出了一揽子货币金融举措，这些增量政策也会和存量政策 ...

Core Viewpoint - The report highlights the ongoing decline in loan interest rates, with the central bank projecting a decrease to 3.15% by the end of 2025, supported by various monetary policy tools [2] Group 1: Loan Interest Rates and Monetary Policy - Loan interest rates are expected to decrease, with general loan rates falling by 12 basis points to 3.55% and mortgage rates remaining stable at 3.06% [2] - The central bank's actions, including reserve requirement ratio cuts and interest rate reductions, are aimed at enhancing liquidity, with excess reserve ratios projected to rise to 1.5% by the end of 2025 [2] Group 2: Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies - The report discusses the shift from a proactive monetary policy to a synchronized approach with fiscal policy, emphasizing three modes of collaboration: supporting government bond issuance, coordinating credit supply and demand, and sharing risk costs [5] - The government is expected to remain the main driver of leverage in 2026, with limited room for significant policy rate reductions [5] Group 3: Observations on Liquidity and Financial Structure - The central bank suggests merging asset management products with bank deposits to better assess liquidity, indicating that changes in deposit structures do not significantly affect overall liquidity [6] - The report aims to correct market misinterpretations regarding deposit fluctuations, thereby minimizing their impact on bond market trends [6] Group 4: Economic Outlook and Policy Consistency - Concerns about the economic situation persist, with challenges such as weak domestic demand and external trade barriers highlighted [9] - The focus of monetary policy will be on expanding domestic demand and optimizing supply, with an emphasis on structural credit support and green finance [9]

Group 1: Monetary Policy Insights - By the end of 2025, the loan interest rate from financial institutions decreased by 10 basis points to 3.15% compared to Q3 2025[3] - The general loan interest rate fell by 12 basis points to 3.55%, while the bill and mortgage rates remained stable at 1.14% and 3.06% respectively[3] - The central bank's excess reserve ratio rose to 1.5% by the end of 2025, up 0.1 percentage points from September and 0.4 percentage points year-on-year[3] Group 2: Fiscal and Monetary Coordination - The report emphasizes the coordination between fiscal and monetary policies to support domestic demand, with the government expected to be the main driver of leverage in 2026[4] - The central bank has shifted from a proactive monetary policy to a synchronized approach with fiscal measures, indicating a change in the sequence of policy implementation[4] - The government utilized a limit of 500 billion yuan in local bond reserves in October 2025, prompting the central bank to restart government bond trading[4] Group 3: Liquidity and Financial Structure - The central bank proposed merging asset management products with bank deposits to better observe liquidity in the financial system, indicating a structural change rather than a total liquidity reduction[5] - The growth rate of combined household and corporate deposits is closely aligned with M2 growth, showing no significant volatility in overall liquidity[5] - The central bank aims to shift focus from quantity targets to a price-based model for economic influence through interest rate adjustments[5] Group 4: Economic Outlook and Risks - The central bank expresses heightened concerns about economic conditions, citing challenges such as trade barriers and inflation risks, alongside domestic supply-demand imbalances[6] - Future monetary policy will emphasize macro policy consistency, with a flexible and precise counter-cyclical adjustment expected in 2026[6] - Risks include potential policy changes, slower-than-expected economic recovery, and the possibility of historical experiences becoming less applicable[6]