民调支持率持续下滑之际，美国总统特朗普试图通过关税收入为美国人减税以挽回民心，但这一计划 很可能难以实现。 当地时间4月27日，特朗普在其社交媒体平台上表示，在关税收入的支持下，"许多人的所得税将大 幅减少，甚至完全取消"，并承诺重点为年收入低于20万美元的人群减税。 2025.04. 27 本文字数：2069，阅读时长大约3分钟 导读 ：即便特朗普进一步提高关税税率，数学上也仍不可能用关税收入替代所得税。 然而，经济学家普遍认为这一计划缺乏可行性。耶鲁大学预算实验室经济学主任特德斯基（Ernie Tedeschi）认为，即便特朗普进一步提高关税税率，数学上也仍不可能用关税收入替代所得税。美 国外交关系委员会（CFR）本月发布的研究更是直指这一说法"荒谬离谱"，并称"关税对经济的破坏 性影响使得这一目标显得不切实际且缺乏责任感"。 作者 | 第一财经 高雅 东方汇理资产管理投资研究院全球宏观研究主管普拉丹（Mahmood Pradhan）对第一财经记者表 示，关税不会给美国带来显著的收入增长，反而更可能导致消费减少和需求下降。同时，"美国当前 的财政政策仍缺乏具体细节，提升联邦支出的效率也远未达到承诺的目标" ...

即便特朗普进一步提高关税税率，数学上也仍不可能用关税收入替代所得税。 民调支持率持续下滑之际，美国总统特朗普试图通过关税收入为美国人减税以挽回民心，但这一计划很 可能难以实现。 当地时间4月27日，特朗普在其社交媒体平台上表示，在关税收入的支持下，"许多人的所得税将大幅减 少，甚至完全取消"，并承诺重点为年收入低于20万美元的人群减税。 然而，经济学家普遍认为这一计划缺乏可行性。耶鲁大学预算实验室经济学主任特德斯基（Ernie Tedeschi）认为，即便特朗普进一步提高关税税率，数学上也仍不可能用关税收入替代所得税。美国外 交关系委员会（CFR）本月发布的研究更是直指这一说法"荒谬离谱"，并称"关税对经济的破坏性影响 使得这一目标显得不切实际且缺乏责任感"。 更严峻的挑战来自进口税率提高后导致的税基萎缩。CFR基于当前美国28%有效关税税率测算发现，考 虑进口转移效应后，额外关税收入仅5110亿美元。而美国人口普查局数据显示，收入底层90%群体（年 收入低于16.9万美元）的年所得税贡献达5760亿美元，比关税预期收入还高出650亿美元。 同时，特朗普的关税政策很可能会显著减少来自企业、雇主和高收入者的所得 ...

Core Viewpoint - The overall CPI and core CPI in February were lower than expected, indicating a downward trend year-on-year and a weakening trend month-on-month [2][12] Group 1: February CPI Analysis - The CPI year-on-year decreased from 3% to 2.8%, while the core CPI fell from 3.3% to 3.1%, both below market expectations [2][12] - Month-on-month, the CPI increased by 0.2%, below the expected 0.3%, and the previous value of 0.5%; core CPI also rose by 0.2%, against an expectation of 0.3% and a prior value of 0.4% [2][12] - The proportion of CPI items with a year-on-year increase exceeding 2% rose from 40% to 41.4%, while the core CPI items increased from 44% to 48% [12] Group 2: Structural Characteristics of CPI Changes - Food prices saw a decrease in growth from 0.4% to 0.2%, contributing less to CPI growth, with the impact of rising egg prices offset by declines in other food categories [3][14] - Energy prices dropped from 1.1% to 0.2%, significantly reducing their contribution to CPI, with gasoline prices shifting from a 1.8% increase to a 0.9% decrease [3][15] - Core goods prices decreased from 0.3% to 0.2%, with the main improvement attributed to a slowdown in used car price increases [3][15] Group 3: Market Sentiment and Economic Outlook - Concerns about stagflation have eased, leading to a recovery in market risk appetite, as the CPI data alleviated fears of rising inflation [6][19] - The market's response to the CPI report included a slight increase in long-term U.S. Treasury yields and a rise in stock indices, indicating a shift towards expectations of economic stabilization [6][19] - The Federal futures market still anticipates three rate cuts this year, but the probability of a May rate cut has decreased from 41.3% to 31% [6][20] Group 4: CPI Forecast for the Year - The forecast for U.S. CPI remains unchanged, with core CPI expected to be around 3% and overall CPI at approximately 2.5% for the year [9][21] - Quarterly CPI projections are approximately 2.7%, 2.3%, 2.4%, and 2.5%, with core CPI expected to be 3.1%, 3.0%, 3.0%, and 2.9% respectively [9][21]