由贸易逆差收窄驱动的增长，掩盖了消费支出温和及商业投资停滞等核心领域的疲软迹象，这让一份看似强劲的报告，实则预示着美国 经济的潜在动能正在放缓。 媒体对经济学家的调查显示，市场普遍预期美国第二季度GDP将实现2.4%的年化增长，彻底扭转第一季度0.5%的萎缩局面。瑞银在最新 发布的财报中，将美国第二季度GDP增长预测大幅上调至2.6%， 尽管GDP读数或许乐观，经济学家们却普遍警告，应将焦点放在"对国内私人购买者的最终销售额"这一关键指标上。该指标被视为衡量 美国本土真实经济健康状况的"晴雨表"，而其增速预计将从第一季度1.9%的水平放缓。 贸易数据扭曲，美国二季度GDP或现反弹 贸易和库存这两个最具波动性的GDP组成部分，正连续第二个季度主导着经济数据的走向。 瑞银现预测第二季度实际GDP年化增长率为2.6%，远高于第一季度-0.5%的萎缩。然而，这一增长几乎完全由净出口的巨大贡献所驱动， 预计将为GDP增长贡献高达4.1个百分点。 今晚20:30公布的美国第二季度GDP数据，或许会在账面上显示强劲反弹，但这份数据很可能具有相当大的误导性。 这一现象的背后是进口额的急剧下降。继第一季度净出口拖累经济4.6个 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve is facing its most significant internal division in 32 years, with two board members potentially opposing Chairman Powell's stance on interest rates during the upcoming meeting, marking a historic moment for the FOMC [1][3][4]. Group 1: Federal Reserve's Current Situation - The Federal Reserve is expected to maintain the interest rate target range at 4.25% to 4.5% for the fifth consecutive time, with a 97.4% probability of no rate cut in July [1][3]. - The FOMC is reportedly divided into three factions: one advocating for immediate rate cuts, a middle group seeking more data, and a cautious faction waiting for clear signs of economic weakness [4][6]. Group 2: Key Players and Their Positions - The aggressive faction, represented by Christopher Waller and Michelle Bowman, is pushing for an immediate rate cut, citing concerns over a weakening labor market [5][6]. - Waller has publicly stated that a 25 basis point cut is reasonable, emphasizing the urgency of addressing labor market issues before they worsen [5][11]. - The middle faction, led by Mary Daly, is inclined to wait for more data before making any decisions on rate cuts, while the cautious faction, represented by Raphael Bostic, is wary of inflation and prefers to see clear economic signs before acting [6][8]. Group 3: Political Influences and Implications - The independence of the Federal Reserve is under significant political pressure, particularly from former President Trump, who has been perceived as attempting to influence Fed policies [8][9]. - Market observers are closely watching the July meeting for indications of the Fed's stance on independence and potential political influences, with September being viewed as a critical juncture for the institution [8][10]. - Waller's actions may also be seen as positioning himself for a potential future leadership role within the Fed, further complicating the political landscape [11][12].

Group 1 - The cryptocurrency market is experiencing a downturn, with Dogecoin (DOGE) dropping 2.08% in 24 hours and 15.4% over the past week, attracting market attention [2] - The Federal Reserve's interest rate policy is a key variable affecting Dogecoin and the broader cryptocurrency market, with potential outcomes based on rate changes: a rate cut could stimulate retail participation, maintaining rates may lead to consolidation, and a rate hike could trigger further market declines [3][4][5] - Recent price movements of Dogecoin show significant volatility, with a trading volume of $918 million during a sell-off, indicating potential large investor activity and a possible foundation for a rebound if demand increases [6] Group 2 - Short-term outlook for Dogecoin appears cautiously optimistic, with critical price levels to watch: if it can hold above $0.223 and rise to $0.241, it may retest $0.260; however, a drop below support could see it fall to the $0.215-$0.218 range [7] - Investors should closely monitor U.S. inflation data and Federal Reserve statements, as macroeconomic headwinds may exacerbate short-term volatility [8]

2025.07.30 本文字数：2152，阅读时长大约3分钟 作者 |第一财经 胡弋杰 美国股市周二收低，标普500指数和纳指从历史高位回落。投资者对即将公布的美联储利率政策声明保 持观望，而部分企业令人失望的财报表现也令市场情绪趋于谨慎。 截至收盘，道琼斯工业平均指数下跌204.57点，报44632.99点，跌幅0.46%；标普500指数下跌18.91点， 报6370.86点，跌幅0.30%；纳斯达克综合指数下跌80.29点，报21098.29点，跌幅0.38%。 据新华社报道，当地时间7月28日至29日，中美经贸中方牵头人、国务院副总理何立峰与美方牵头人、 美国财政部长贝森特及贸易代表格里尔在瑞典斯德哥尔摩举行中美经贸会谈。双方就中美经贸关系、宏 观经济政策等双方共同关心的经贸议题开展了坦诚、深入、富有建设性的交流，回顾并肯定了中美日内 瓦经贸会谈共识和伦敦框架落实情况。根据会谈共识，双方将继续推动已暂停的美方对等关税24%部分 以及中方反制措施如期展期90天。 何立峰表示，中美双方经贸团队要以两国元首6月5日通话重要共识为指引，秉持相互尊重、和平共处、 合作共赢的原则，尊重各自关切，进一步巩固共识，加深 ...

Market Overview - The US stock market closed lower, with the S&P 500 and Nasdaq retreating from historical highs as investors awaited the Federal Reserve's interest rate policy statement and reacted to disappointing corporate earnings [1][2] - The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell by 204.57 points to 44,632.99, a decrease of 0.46%; the S&P 500 dropped 18.91 points to 6,370.86, down 0.30%; and the Nasdaq Composite declined by 80.29 points to 21,098.29, a drop of 0.38% [1] US-China Economic Relations - Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng and US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen held constructive talks in Stockholm, focusing on US-China economic relations and macroeconomic policies [2] - Both sides emphasized the importance of a stable and healthy economic relationship, which is beneficial for their development goals and global economic stability [2] Corporate Earnings Performance - UnitedHealth reported Q2 adjusted EPS of $4.08, below the expected $4.59, and lowered its full-year EPS forecast to at least $16, causing its stock to drop by 7.5% [2] - Boeing's Q2 revenue was $22.75 billion, exceeding expectations, but reported a core EPS loss of $1.24, leading to a 4.4% decline in its stock [3] - Merck's Q2 sales were $15.81 billion, slightly above expectations, but its adjusted EPS of $2.13 was down year-over-year, resulting in a 1.7% stock decline [3] - UPS's stock plummeted by 10.6% after reporting Q2 adjusted EPS of $1.55, slightly below expectations, and failing to provide full-year guidance [3] - Procter & Gamble's Q4 sales were $20.89 billion, with core EPS of $1.48, both slightly above expectations, but its growth forecast for FY2026 was below market expectations [3] - Novo Nordisk's stock fell approximately 22% after lowering its sales and profit outlook for FY2025 due to poor performance of its weight-loss drug Wegovy [4] Economic Data - The US trade deficit narrowed to $86 billion in June, a decrease of 10.8%, with imports down by 4.2% [4] - Job openings in the US fell to 7.44 million, below the expected 7.5 million, indicating stable labor demand [5] - Consumer confidence in the US rose in July, with the index increasing to 97.2, slightly above expectations [6] Upcoming Events - Investors are focused on the upcoming non-farm payroll report, with expectations that the Federal Reserve will maintain interest rates [7] - Major tech companies, including Meta, Microsoft, Apple, and Amazon, are set to release earnings this week, which are anticipated to significantly impact overall market trends [4]

【美联储理事库格勒因私缺席本周议息票委暂降至11人】智通财经7月30日电，美联储表示，美联储理 事库格勒因个人事务原因缺席本周举行的为期两天的7月政策会议。这可能意味着将只有11名FOMC成 员对本周的政策决定进行投票，而非常规的12人。尽管预计美联储理事沃勒和理事鲍曼可能会成为两位 异见人士，支持在本月降低利率，但委员会应该仍会以绝对多数的结果支持维持利率不变。根据美联储 的政策，如果有一位地方联储行长缺席投票，其他行长可以作为替代人选参与投票。然而，理事席位没 有替代人选。（第一财经） ...

（文章来源：第一财经） 美联储表示，美联储理事库格勒因个人事务原因缺席本周举行的为期两天的7月政策会议。这可能意味 着将只有11名FOMC成员对本周的政策决定进行投票，而非常规的12人。尽管预计美联储理事沃勒和理 事鲍曼可能会成为两位异见人士，支持在本月降低利率，但委员会应该仍会以绝对多数的结果支持维持 利率不变。根据美联储的政策，如果有一位地方联储行长缺席投票，其他行长可以作为替代人选参与投 票。然而，理事席位没有替代人选。 ...

美联储表示，美联储理事库格勒因个人事务原因缺席本周举行的为期两天的7月政策会议。这可能意味 着将只有11名FOMC成员对本周的政策决定进行投票，而非常规的12人。尽管预计美联储理事沃勒和理 事鲍曼可能会成为两位持异议的成员——支持在本月降低利率，但FOMC委员会应该仍会以绝对多数的 结果支持维持利率不变。 ...

协议降低了市场对全球经济衰退的担忧，推动风险资产吸引力上升，股市和美元受提振，标普500指数连续第六个交易日创收盘新高，纳斯达克指数也创历 史纪录。 欧盟承诺在特朗普任期内进行高达7500亿美元的战略采购，包括6000亿美元的美国军事装备，进一步刺激市场乐观情绪，降低对黄金的避险需求，使金价承 压。 黄金周一（7月28日）早盘低开上涨，到欧盘前最高上涨至3345附近，欧盘承压震荡，美盘开始加速下跌，最跌至3302/3301区域，尾盘震荡反弹3319附近， 日线收出一根上影线长于下影线的阴线。 一、基本面 1、美欧贸易协议的影响 7月27日，美国与欧盟达成框架贸易协议，将对欧盟商品征收的进口关税定为15%，远低于此前威胁的30%税率，避免了更大规模贸易战，为全球市场注入 确定性。 2、中美贸易谈判的不确定性 7月28日，中美高级经济官员在斯德哥尔摩重启关税会谈，旨在延长贸易休战期90天，但美国贸易代表称预计不会有重大突破，谈判重点在监督和履行现有 承诺。 中国面临8月12日与特朗普政府达成持久关税协议的最后期限，双方核心问题仍未解决，市场不确定性存在，一定程度支撑黄金。 3、市场对美联储利率政策的预期 美联储将 ...

Group 1 - The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield rose slightly to 4.42%, while the 2-year yield remained stable at 3.91%, resulting in a widening of the yield spread between the 2-year and 10-year bonds by 2 basis points to 51 basis points [1] - The European Union announced a temporary trade agreement, reducing tariffs on U.S. imports to 15%, indicating a de-escalation in trade tensions [3] - The Federal Reserve is expected to maintain the benchmark interest rate between 4.25% and 4.50%, with a 97% probability of no change according to futures markets [3] Group 2 - The U.S. Treasury Department projected a significant increase in federal borrowing for the third quarter, raising expectations to $1.01 trillion, nearly double the previous estimate from April [3] - Multiple economic data releases are anticipated this week, including job vacancy surveys and non-farm payroll reports, which will provide insights into the impact of tariffs on inflation [3] - In the overseas bond market, European bonds showed little volatility, with German government bonds trending upward while French bonds mostly declined [4]