Core Insights - The report addresses three main issues: recent bond market review, changes in institutional behavior, and future outlook for the bond market [2] - The bond market is undergoing a transformation characterized by a dual behavior of institutions [3] Group 1: Institutional Behavior Changes - The supply side pressure is evident with local government bond issuance expected to reach 1.94 trillion yuan in Q1 2026, with high issuance volumes in January and March [5] - The demand side shows a deterioration in traditional allocation demand, with major banks and insurance companies showing decreased willingness to absorb long-term bonds [5] - The trading side indicates a shift where rural commercial banks are retreating while brokerages are becoming more active, particularly in trading 10Y and 30Y bonds [16][17] Group 2: Supply and Demand Dynamics - The issuance plan for government bonds in Q1 2026 is heavily concentrated in February and March, with various maturities being offered [6] - The report highlights that large banks are focusing on realizing profits from older bonds, while insurance institutions are primarily buying local bonds instead of national bonds [7] - The trading volume remains low, and the volatility is expected to decrease further as banks increase their trading in 10Y bonds [23] Group 3: Future Market Outlook - The report suggests that the bond market may experience further adjustments, with brokerages likely to increase their trading of long-term bonds [13] - There is a notable pressure for profit-taking among joint-stock banks, particularly in 10Y national bonds, which may influence future trading strategies [14] - The report anticipates that the yield spread between 30Y and 10Y bonds may widen, while the spread between 10Y national bonds and national development bonds may narrow [23]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information about the report industry investment rating is provided in the content. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In December 2025, bond market yields oscillated and then trended upward, with a term - structure differentiation. The 10 - year Treasury yield rose 2BP, and the 1 - year Treasury yield fell 5BP. The term spread widened by 7BP to 51BP [1][8]. - In January 2026, focus on the 2025 GDP performance and the possibility of a Q1 economic start, the potentially active front - loading of supply, the possibility of central bank reserve requirement ratio cuts and flexible and cautious interest rate cuts, and the opening of the seasonal interest rate downward window and institutional net - increase support for the start - of - the - year [4][76]. - The bond market interest rate is expected to oscillate downward in January. It is recommended to actively seize the opportunity to enter the market when the interest rate oscillates downward, and also pay attention to the opportunity of narrowing the spread of ultra - long bonds [5][77]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 Bond Market Review - In December, affected by factors such as the central bank's precise liquidity care, loose funds, and repeated disturbances of interest rate cut expectations, the bond market yield oscillated and then trended upward. There was term - structure differentiation, with the 10 - year Treasury yield rising 2BP and the 1 - year Treasury yield falling 5BP. The term spread widened to 51BP [1][8]. - The yield curve of Treasury bonds in December was overall bull - steep, with the decline of the medium - and short - term generally larger. The implied tax rate of China Development Bank bonds rose overall [9]. - Overseas, the US inflation repair was less than expected. The Fed cut interest rates in December, but there were still large internal differences. The US bond yield trended upward, and the Sino - US interest rate spread inverted slightly widened. The US dollar against the RMB exchange rate declined [10]. - Weekly, the bond market yield first rose and then fell in the first week, declined overall in the second week, continued to decline in the third week, and oscillated and rebounded in the fourth week [17]. 3.2 This Month's Outlook and Strategy 3.2.1 Bond Market Outlook - **Fundamentals**: Pay attention to the improvement of inflation (CPI's moderate recovery and PPI's continuous positive month - on - month growth), the resilience of exports under high - base effects and its support for PMI, the decline of real estate supply and demand data, and the 2025 GDP growth rate and the possibility of a 2026 economic start. If the weak fundamental recovery continues, the upward market expectations may reverse [2][21]. - **Supply**: The 2025 deficit rate may remain at 4%, with the quotas of Treasury bonds and special bonds increasing. It is estimated that the net supply of government bonds in January will be about 1.24 trillion yuan, mainly due to more special bond issuances. The overall supply pressure has increased compared with the same period in 2025 [2][38]. - **Funds**: At the end of the year, the central bank clearly cared about cross - year liquidity, and the funds were loose recently. Although the liquidity may be under pressure due to factors such as the front - loading of government bond issuance and a large certificate of deposit maturity scale, it is expected that the bond market funds in January will fluctuate in a balanced manner, and the interest rate is likely to decline seasonally after the Gregorian New Year. Pay attention to the possibility of the central bank increasing Treasury bond purchases [3][51]. - **Policy**: The December economic meeting pointed out the policy direction for 2026. It is expected that reserve requirement ratio cuts and more flexible and cautious interest rate cuts are likely to be implemented in the first quarter to cooperate with fiscal efforts. More flexible tools can be expected next year [3][61]. - **Institutional Behavior**: In December, various institutional allocation portfolios continued to increase holdings but slightly converged, and trading portfolios turned to small - scale net purchases. In January, focus on the opening of the traditional interest rate downward window, the possibility of allocation forces increasing positions before the Spring Festival, the possibility of trading portfolios entering the market flexibly, and the opportunity of narrowing the spread of ultra - long bonds [3][65]. 3.2.2 Bond Market Strategy - In January, focus on the 2025 GDP performance and the Q1 economic start, the potentially active front - loading of supply, the possibility of central bank reserve requirement ratio cuts and flexible and cautious interest rate cuts, and the opening of the seasonal interest rate downward window and institutional net - increase support for the start - of - the - year [4][76]. - In terms of interest rates, the funds in January are likely to return to a balanced state after the cross - year under the central bank's care. There is room for the central bank's Treasury bond trading operations and reserve requirement ratio cuts. It is recommended to actively seize the opportunity to enter the market when the interest rate oscillates downward. For the short - end, the short - end interest rate has limited odds for short - term returns. For the long - end, the current 1.85% has reappeared allocation value. For ultra - long bonds, pay attention to the opportunity of narrowing the spread if the market conditions are favorable [5][77]. 3.3 January Important Economic Calendar The report provides the expected values of important economic indicators to be announced in January, including PPI, CPI, M2, new RMB loans, and other data [80].

Group 1 - The central viewpoint indicates that the central bank's monetary policy is expected to remain accommodative, with a low probability of interest rate cuts in the near term, although the likelihood may increase after the Spring Festival [1] - Short-term government bond yields are anticipated to have limited downward space, while the overnight rate is expected to slightly rebound, and the 7-day funding rate is likely to remain stable [1] - Long-term interest rates may have opportunities for decline in January if economic performance is strong and short-term rates stabilize at low levels; however, if equity markets perform well, long-term rates may rise above 1.9% [1][2] Group 2 - In January, the bond market strategy should focus on four key points: limited downward space for short-term government bond yields, potential opportunities in short-term credit and medium-term government bonds, and the capital gain value of long-term active bonds being weak [2] - The high spread between new and old long-term bonds suggests that holding higher-yield long-term bonds may be beneficial if short-term fluctuations are not a concern [2] - The supply of local government bonds is significant, and attention should be given to the spread between local and national bonds before making investment decisions [2] Group 3 - As of December 26, 2025, the National Development Bank bond ETF (159651) showed a slight increase of 0.02%, with a latest price of 106.85 yuan and a turnover rate of 5.11% [3] - The ETF has a maximum drawdown of 0.12% over the past six months, which is the smallest among comparable funds, indicating strong performance in terms of risk management [3] - The management fee of the National Development Bank bond ETF is 0.15%, and the tracking error over the past two months is 0.007%, which is the highest precision among comparable funds [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes that the market will continue to exhibit characteristics of stock game under a low interest rate environment, with a focus on tracking the indicators and position changes of allocation and trading accounts to better understand market congestion and short-term direction [1] - The analysis highlights that institutional behavior, particularly from allocation institutions, has significantly impacted market volatility this year, with a noted lack of willingness to hold long-term bonds due to interest rate risks [1][2] - The article suggests that the demand for long-term bonds will likely remain weak next year, influenced by the insurance institutions' lower willingness to allocate to long-term government bonds and the overall supply-demand dynamics in the market [2] Group 2 - The expected core strategy for interest rate bonds next year is described as "defensive counterattack," with a forecast that the ten-year government bond yield will fluctuate between 1.5% and 2.0%, and the yield curve is likely to steepen [3] - Key trading opportunities are identified based on three expected discrepancies: narrative consensus, policy expectations, and liability tracking, which will influence the performance of related bond products [3] - The article recommends focusing on the ten-year government bond ETF (511260) as it offers both allocation and trading value, with expectations of good returns for investors by 2026 [4]

Group 1 - The report analyzes the recent trends in the bond market, highlighting a general strategy of reducing duration and increasing leverage as year-end approaches [6][11] - As of December 19, the leverage ratio in the interbank bond market increased by 0.23 percentage points to 107.68%, indicating a notable rise in leverage [11][22] - The median duration of medium to long-term bond funds decreased to 2.68 years, down by 0.07 years compared to December 15 [11][38] Group 2 - The report suggests focusing on short to medium-term credit bonds due to a favorable funding environment and large banks purchasing short-term bonds [12] - There is a notable trend of non-bank institutions, such as asset management and trust companies, significantly buying 5-year subordinated bonds and perpetual bonds, indicating a compression opportunity in spreads [12][13] - Caution is advised regarding 30-year government bonds, as there has been significant selling pressure from joint-stock banks, and the report maintains a cautious stance on this segment [13] Group 3 - Key interest rates and spreads have shown changes, with the 1-year government bond yield decreasing by 3.25 basis points to 1.35% and the 10-year yield down by 1.80 basis points to 1.83% [14] - The report notes that the yield spread between the 30-year and 10-year government bonds decreased by 3.60 basis points to 39.44 basis points [14] - The report tracks the changes in government bond yield spreads, indicating fluctuations in the 3-year to 1-year and 5-year to 3-year spreads [16] Group 4 - The interbank pledged repo balance rose by 0.38 trillion yuan to 12.80 trillion yuan as of December 19 [19] - The average transaction amount for pledged repos from December 15 to 19 was 8.48 trillion yuan, with overnight transactions accounting for 90% of the total [26] - The report highlights the net funding outflow from banks, with a total net outflow of 5.09 trillion yuan as of December 19 [28] Group 5 - The median duration of interest rate bond funds was reported at 3.74 years, down by 0.03 years from December 15, while credit bond funds had a median duration of 2.43 years, also down by 0.09 years [43] - The report provides insights into the borrowing balance of 10-year government bonds, indicating fluctuations in borrowing activity [48]

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the **debt market** outlook for 2026, highlighting various strategies and market dynamics affecting bond yields and credit performance. Core Insights and Arguments - **Yield Predictions**: The mainstream view anticipates that the 10-year government bond yield will fluctuate between **1.7% and 2.0%** in 2026, with a cautious approach towards the **97 strategy** and a focus on institutional behavior [1][4] - **Market Dynamics**: The debt market is expected to experience a slight upward fluctuation, influenced by weak economic sentiment and insufficient social demand, with potential risks from equity market rallies and tightening monetary policy [1][6] - **Credit vs. Interest Rates**: Credit performance is currently superior to interest rates, with short-term credit bonds showing strong performance. The focus has shifted back to **yield strategies** rather than merely avoiding risks [3][12] - **Key Strategies**: The main strategies for 2026 include **low volatility**, **high yield strategies**, and a cautious approach to the **97 strategy**. Emphasis is placed on understanding institutional behaviors and market dynamics [5][8] Important but Overlooked Content - **Impact of Anti-Competition Policies**: The anti-competition policies have significantly reduced the leading indicators' effectiveness, particularly the PPI, which historically had a strong influence on the debt market [7] - **Financial Debt as Core Investment**: Financial bonds remain a core investment for non-bank institutions due to their safety, yield, and liquidity advantages, despite short-term impacts from redemption fee regulations [8][29] - **Sector-Specific Insights**: The real estate sector is under pressure due to demographic changes, with a declining number of new births affecting future housing demand. This demographic shift is expected to continue impacting the economy and real estate sector negatively [22][31] - **Credit Strategy Adjustments**: The strategy for credit bonds involves adjusting allocations based on yield levels, favoring high elasticity subjects during high yield periods and low elasticity subjects during low yield periods [28] Conclusion - The debt market outlook for 2026 is characterized by cautious optimism, with a focus on credit performance and strategic adjustments in response to evolving market conditions. The interplay between policy, economic indicators, and institutional behavior will be crucial in shaping investment strategies moving forward.

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The fiscal policy in 2026 is expected to maintain an active tone to support stable growth, with a projected fiscal policy combination of a 4% deficit - rate (5.88 trillion yuan deficit), 2 trillion yuan in special treasury bonds, 4.7 trillion yuan in special local bonds, and 2 trillion yuan in replacement bonds, corresponding to 14.6 trillion yuan in net government bond financing [1][11][13]. - The government - sector leverage ratio is expected to rise to 74.6% in 2026, with a slightly slower upward slope compared to 2025 [1][15]. - The net financing of interest - rate bonds in 2026 is expected to be 17.1 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.8 trillion yuan compared to 2025, and the supply rhythm is in line with the front - loaded fiscal policy [2][16]. - After the "last dip" in the bond market, it is advisable to layout for the year - end pre - emptive market. The bond market strategy should flexibly switch between α and β strategies [4]. 3. Summary According to the Table of Contents 3.1 2026 Bond Supply Outlook - Fiscal Policy: The fiscal policy in 2026 is expected to remain active, but with limited room for further increasing the deficit rate. "Quasi - fiscal" tools may still have room for action [1][11]. - Government Bond Net Financing: The net government bond financing in 2026 is expected to be 14.6 trillion yuan, including 7.1 trillion yuan in treasury bonds, 7.5 trillion yuan in local bonds. The government - sector leverage ratio is expected to rise to 74.6%, with a slower growth rate, and the central and local government leverage ratios are expected to rise to 32.1% and 42.5% respectively [1][15][16]. - Interest - Rate Bond Net Financing: The net financing of interest - rate bonds in 2026 is expected to be 17.1 trillion yuan, including 7.1 trillion yuan in treasury bonds, 7.5 trillion yuan in local bonds, and 2.5 trillion yuan in policy - bank bonds. The supply rhythm is front - loaded, and the supply in the fourth quarter may be relatively small [2][16][19]. - Impact of Unused Quotas: If unused quotas are considered, there is still room for an increase in government bond supply in 2026, which may be decided based on economic conditions [3][20]. 3.2 Bond Market Strategy: Layout for the Year - End Pre - emptive Market after the "Last Dip" - Current Situation of 10 - year Treasury Bonds: The 10 - year treasury bonds are currently fluctuating narrowly around 1.8%, which is in the middle of the central bank's attention range. Due to limited expectations of interest - rate cuts this year and the unimplemented fund fee - rate regulations, the bond market lacks a trading theme, and 1.8% has become a short - term neutral psychological point formed by institutional games [4][28]. - Seasonal Pattern: Historically, there has often been a "last dip" in mid - to late November. After the negative factors are exhausted, the bond's allocation value becomes prominent, and institutions such as rural commercial banks usually start building positions, driving down yields [4]. - Strategy Switch: The α - mining strategy for medium - term bonds is nearing its end, and it is advisable to gradually switch back to the β strategy. There may be opportunities for both α and β in ultra - long - term bonds in December [34]. - Interest - Rate Bond Selection: Currently, bonds with α - space can be selected from multiple dimensions such as riding, variety spreads, and term spreads. A dumbbell strategy can be adopted to participate in short - term and ultra - long - term bonds [5][35]. 3.3 Interest - Rate Bond Market Review: The Bond Market Lacks a Trading Theme, and Yields Remain Narrowly Fluctuating - Overall Market: In the third week of November, the 10 - year treasury bond yields fluctuated weakly around 1.8%. The 1 - year treasury bond yield decreased by 0.5BP to 1.4%, the 10 - year treasury bond yield increased by 0.75BP to 1.8125%, and the 30 - year treasury bond yield increased by 1.05BP to 2.1585% [9]. - (1) Funding Situation: The central bank made large - scale net injections through open - market operations (OMO), and the funding situation was balanced but tight [10][52]. - (2) Primary Issuance: The net financing of policy - bank bonds increased, while the net financing of treasury bonds, local bonds, and inter - bank certificates of deposit decreased [52]. - (3) Benchmark Changes: The term spread of treasury bonds widened, while the term spread of China Development Bank bonds narrowed. The short - term treasury bonds performed better than the long - term ones, and the long - term China Development Bank bonds performed better than the short - term ones [50].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The central bank's restart of treasury bond trading is expected to cooperate with government bond supply, align with the current bond market yield curve, and supplement long - term liquidity for the banking system [2][13][19]. - The probability of an interest rate cut within the year has increased compared to the third quarter, while the probability of a reserve requirement ratio cut may decrease after restarting treasury bond trading, but it remains a direct option [3][25][26]. - For the subsequent bond market strategy, the decline space of bond interest rates needs further support. Attention can be paid to whether the central bank's bond - buying scale and maturity exceed expectations [4][27]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 1.1 Why Restart Treasury Bond Trading? - **Cooperate with Government Bond Supply and Synergize Fiscal Efforts**: In 2025, the government bond issuance from November to December is expected to be around 4 trillion yuan, similar to the same period in 2024. The net financing scale is about 1.70 trillion yuan, significantly lower than 2.98 trillion yuan in 2024 due to the large maturity of treasury bonds in December. Restarting treasury bond trading helps the central bank cooperate with fiscal efforts [2][14]. - **The Bond Market Yield Curve Meets the Central Bank's Expectations and Market Risks Decline**: Since July 2025, the bond market sentiment has been weak, with the current fund duration at a low level. The 10Y - 1Y and 30Y - 10Y term spreads are both above 35bp, and the yield curve is steep. After restarting treasury bond trading, the short - term interest rate may decline more than the long - term interest rate, and the 30Y - 10Y spread may further compress [2][19]. - **Supplement Long - term Liquidity to the Banking System and Stabilize Liability Expectations**: As of September 2025, the central bank mainly provided medium - term liquidity through MLF and outright reverse repurchase, accounting for 91.52% of the annual net investment. The 1 - year inter - bank certificate of deposit rate has been rising, indicating that banks lack long - term funds [2][21]. 1.2 Will There Be Other Monetary Policy Coordination within the Year? - **Interest Rate Cut**: Externally, the pressure of RMB depreciation has decreased, and the narrowing of the Sino - US interest rate spread has reduced the external constraints on China's interest rate cut. Domestically, economic growth has slowed down, and the policy - makers are determined to stabilize growth. The probability of an interest rate cut within the year has increased compared to the third quarter [3][25]. - **Reserve Requirement Ratio Cut**: Restarting treasury bond trading may reduce the probability of a reserve requirement ratio cut. However, the amount of long - term liquidity provided by treasury bond trading may not meet the banks' demand for long - term funds, so a reserve requirement ratio cut remains a direct option [3][26]. 1.3 How to View the Subsequent Bond Market Strategy? - Since the interest rate has declined significantly, further support is needed to open up the downward space. Attention can be paid to whether the central bank's bond - buying scale and maturity exceed expectations. Currently, the value of chasing and holding active bonds is not strong [4][27]. - **10 - year Treasury Bonds**: The main bond has switched to 250016, and the 250016 - 250011 spread may compress to about 3bp in an optimistic scenario [28]. - **10 - year China Development Bank Bonds**: Continue to focus on 250215. The uncertainty of 250220 becoming the main bond is high [28]. - **30 - year Treasury Bonds**: For short - term trading, focus on 25T6. Consider holding non - active bonds such as 25T5, 24T1, 250002, and 25T3 [28]. - **Long - term Interest - rate Bonds**: Pay attention to 30 - year old bonds and 50 - year treasury bonds with slightly higher interest rates. For short - term trading with high liquidity requirements, focus on 25T6. For 10 - year interest rates, focus on 250016 and 250215. For medium - term interest - rate bonds, focus on 240006, 250007, and 250018 [29].

Group 1: Fixed Income Market Outlook - The fixed income market is expected to gradually recover in September, with a recommendation for a gradual increase in allocation and a preference for a barbell strategy [3] - The anticipated reduction in pressure from the stock market on the bond market is due to the continuous decrease in non-bank positions and the increase in allocation by institutional investors [3] - The adjustment space for interest rates is limited, with the upper limits for 10-year and 30-year government bonds projected at around 1.8% and 2.1% respectively [3] Group 2: Banking Sector Overview - The banking sector is benefiting from the repricing of deposits and improved management of funding costs, leading to a continued trend of narrowing interest margins [5] - Overall asset quality is expected to remain stable, with manageable credit cost pressures, suggesting stable profit growth for the year [5] Group 3: Company-Specific Insights Cloud Computing - Cloud Computing Company (云赛智联) reported a revenue of 3.132 billion yuan for H1 2025, a year-on-year increase of 7.25%, while net profit decreased by 15.94% [6] - The company is positioned well in the digital economy with core capabilities in cloud services and data elements, leading to an adjusted revenue forecast of approximately 6.489 billion yuan for 2025 [6] Medical Sector - KaiLi Medical (开立医疗) reported a revenue of 964 million yuan for H1 2025, a decline of 4.78%, with a significant drop in net profit by 72.43% [9] - The company is expected to see revenue recovery driven by terminal bidding recovery, with a focus on new product launches [9] - Yuyue Medical (鱼跃医疗) achieved a revenue of 4.659 billion yuan in H1 2025, up 8.16% year-on-year, with net profit increasing by 7.37% [11] - The company is expanding its overseas market presence, particularly in home medical devices, indicating strong future growth potential [11] - Microelectrophysiology (微电生理) reported a revenue of 224 million yuan for H1 2025, a growth of 12.80%, with net profit increasing by 92.02% [13] - The company is focusing on expanding its product matrix and maintaining high growth in international markets [13] - United Imaging (联影医疗) achieved a revenue of 6.016 billion yuan in H1 2025, a growth of 12.79%, with net profit increasing by 5.03% [17] - The company is leveraging AI to enhance product capabilities and is seeing strong growth in both domestic and international markets [17] - Mindray Medical (迈瑞医疗) reported a revenue of 16.743 billion yuan for H1 2025, a decline of 18.45%, but is expected to see a turnaround in Q3 due to recovering market conditions [19] - The company is focusing on high-potential business segments and has a strong R&D pipeline [19] Home Appliances - Anfu Technology (安孚科技) reported a total revenue of 2.43 billion yuan for H1 2025, a year-on-year increase of 5.0%, driven by export growth [22] - The company is expected to see significant profit growth in the coming years, with net profit projections of 330 million yuan for 2025 [22]

Group 1 - The simulated portfolio continues to show negative returns, with the medium and short-term credit style portfolio experiencing smaller drawdowns compared to the corresponding interest rate style portfolio, while the long-term portfolio has seen significant declines [2][14] - In the interest rate style portfolio, the weekly returns for the deposit sinking and deposit bullet strategies were both -0.25%, while in the credit style portfolio, these strategies had smaller drawdowns with returns of -0.14% each [2][14] - The credit style deposit-heavy portfolio's weekly average return slightly rebounded to -0.14%, outperforming the corresponding interest rate style portfolio by 10.7 basis points, marking the strongest defensive strategy since late July [2][17] Group 2 - The credit strategy has created a certain yield space, with the secondary bond duration strategy's yield distance from the year's low exceeding 20 basis points [3][26] - The main strategy combinations have seen yields stop falling and start to rise, with the secondary bond duration strategy's weekly yield increasing by nearly 0.16 basis points, bringing the annualized yield to 2.02%, which is 22.3 basis points wider from the year's low [3][26] - The weekly yield contribution from the credit style portfolio remains in the range of -25% to -5%, with capital gains continuing to drag down returns [3][26] Group 3 - In the past four weeks, the medium and short-term perpetual bond heavy strategies have shown certain defensive attributes, with cumulative excess returns for the city investment short-term sinking, commercial bank bullet, and perpetual bond sinking strategies reaching 13.3 basis points, 7.2 basis points, and 6.6 basis points respectively [4][32] - The city investment heavy strategies have recently underperformed compared to the secondary perpetual heavy strategies, with the cumulative returns for the city investment duration and barbell strategies deviating from the benchmark by -10 basis points and -30 basis points respectively [4][32] - The short-end strategies have outperformed the benchmark, while the city investment sinking strategy's excess returns have fallen into negative territory [4][35]