据多家外媒报道，美国贸易谈判代表团原定于8月25日至29日访问印度的计划已被取消，这意味着美印之间的双边关税磋商 将被推迟。 路透社报道截图 近期，美印两国的贸易关系加速恶化。《印度时报》称，美国寻求在印度农业和乳制品等敏感领域获得更大市场准入，但印 方对此"无法同意"。 此外，本月初，美国还以印度继续进口俄罗斯石油为由，宣布自本月27日起，对印度商品加征25%的关税。若如期生效，印 度部分对美出口产品的关税将被提高至50%，是美国向贸易对象征收的最高关税之一。 兰州大学政治与国际关系学院教授朱永彪在接受总台环球资讯记者采访时分析认为，美方突然取消访问行程，是试图迫使印 度做出更大让步，但在核心问题上，印度妥协的空间有限。 对于美国来说，它制裁的理由是印度一直在购买俄罗斯石油，并向盟友销售。第二是贸易壁垒，让美国认为自己处于不公平 的地位。但是对于印度来说，他不愿意在这两个核心问题上做出让步。第一个，如果大幅度减少甚至直接取消从俄罗斯购买 石油，会使印度从赚差价这一过程中利益受损，也会直接影响到印度的能源安全，并损害印俄关系。 第二，在贸易壁垒方面，因为印度和美国处于不对等的经济地位，如果按照美国的要求，对印 ...

Core Points - The U.S. has implemented new "reciprocal tariffs" on 69 trade partners, with rates ranging from 10% to 41%, causing widespread criticism and concern among affected countries [1][2][3] - The tariffs are seen as a continuation of the U.S. administration's aggressive trade policy, with specific countries like Brazil, Switzerland, India, and Japan facing particularly high rates [2][3][4] - The trade agreements reached with countries like South Korea and the EU are under scrutiny, with concerns about the fairness and execution of these agreements [5][6] Summary by Category Tariff Implementation - The new tariffs, effective from August 7, include a 15% rate for 40 countries, while 10 countries face rates of 19% or 20% [1] - Brazil faces a combined tariff rate of 50% due to additional tariffs imposed on its products [2] - Switzerland is subjected to a 39% tariff, the highest among European nations, raising alarms about its economic impact [2] Reactions from Affected Countries - Brazil's President Lula has stated that the country will not yield to U.S. pressure and has sought consultations through the WTO [2] - India's government has condemned the U.S. tariffs as unfair and has pledged to protect its national interests [3] - South Korea's agreement with the U.S. has faced criticism domestically for perceived excessive concessions [3] Trade Agreement Concerns - Japan's trade agreement with the U.S. is facing challenges, as the newly announced tariffs contradict prior agreements, leading to calls for correction [4] - The EU's agreement with the U.S. has been criticized for signaling weakness and excessive concessions, particularly from Germany [5] - Analysts suggest that the U.S. may continue to apply pressure on countries to reach trade agreements, but the long-term sustainability of such policies remains uncertain [6]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that China is better prepared to respond to U.S. tariffs due to past experiences and strategic preparations, including self-sufficiency in technology and boosting domestic demand [3] - China’s response to U.S. tariffs is driven by a sense of disrespect from the U.S. government, which has disregarded previous cooperation on issues like fentanyl [3] - The high level of existing tariffs imposed by the U.S. has led China to feel compelled to retaliate, while also being cautious to maintain a favorable business environment for foreign investments [3] Group 2 - The decision-making process in the White House is described as "chaotic," lacking a clear strategy and relying on impulsive tariff actions to exert global influence [4] - The U.S. tariffs are unlikely to be effective against China, as many countries have stronger trade ties with China than with the U.S., making it impractical for them to sacrifice their relationships with China for U.S. concessions [7] - The tariffs are accelerating the internationalization of Chinese companies, pushing them to transform into multinational corporations, driven by various factors beyond just tariffs [7] Group 3 - China has a longer-term strategic planning capability compared to the U.S., particularly in areas like technological self-sufficiency, which is being effectively implemented [8] - The continuity of Chinese policies is likened to steering a ship, with the government able to guide the direction and ensure progress towards established goals [8]

Group 1 - The article discusses the impact of U.S. tariffs on Japan, particularly focusing on the 25% tariffs on automobiles and auto parts, which are expected to significantly affect Japan's economy and its automotive industry [1][3] - Japan exported over 1.33 million passenger cars to the U.S. in 2024, accounting for nearly 30% of its total exports to the U.S., highlighting the importance of the U.S. market for Japan's automotive sector [3] - The new tariffs could lead to a 0.3% contraction in Japan's GDP, indicating the potential economic repercussions for the country [3] Group 2 - In response to U.S. pressure, Japanese Prime Minister Kishida Shigeru has stated that Japan will not compromise on tariff issues and will advocate for free trade alongside other nations [5] - Kishida refuted claims made by President Trump regarding Japan's lack of support for the U.S., emphasizing the importance of Japan's national interests [5] - Japan's recent diplomatic efforts include sending a delegation to China, signaling a potential strategy to leverage its relationship with China in negotiations with the U.S. [7]

Group 1 - The World Gold Council's report indicates that global gold demand reached 1206 tons in Q1 2025, a 1% year-on-year increase, driven by a recovery in gold ETF demand which surged by 170% to 552 tons, the highest level since Q1 2022 [1] - Retail investment in China significantly boosted gold bar and coin demand, which rose by 3% year-on-year to 325 tons, marking the second-highest quarterly demand on record [1] - The value of the US dollar relative to gold has plummeted by 99% over the past 50 years, with the dollar's value hitting a historic low recently, reflecting a loss of confidence in the dollar [2][5] Group 2 - Since the end of the Bretton Woods system in 1971, the dollar's value measured in gold has decreased to about 1% of its original value, with gold prices soaring to over $3500 per ounce as of April 22, 2023 [3] - The M1 money supply in the US has expanded from $225 billion in 1971 to $18.56 trillion in March 2025, an increase of over 80 times, while gold production has only increased by about 200% during the same period [5] - Analysts predict that the price of gold could reach $3700 per ounce by the end of 2025, with potential increases to $4500 if economic conditions worsen [5] Group 3 - The current gold price rally has entered its 18th week, with prices fluctuating around $3300, indicating a potential turning point and increased volatility ahead [8] - Recent legislative actions in Arizona regarding Bitcoin reserves have prompted investors to reconsider the relationship between cryptocurrencies and gold, leading to a shift towards gold as a safer investment [8] - Gold prices are currently oscillating between $3260 and $3360, with key resistance at $3360 and support at $3300, suggesting continued short-term volatility [9]

Group 1 - The article criticizes the U.S. tariff policy as a unilateral and reckless approach that undermines international trade order and serves political interests [1][10] - The U.S. has imposed various tariffs on imports from China and other countries, including a 20% tariff on all Chinese goods and 25% on steel and aluminum [2][3] - The implementation of "reciprocal tariffs" has led to significant increases in tariffs on imports from various countries, with rates reaching as high as 125% for certain goods from China [3][4] Group 2 - The article argues that the "reciprocal tariff" calculation method is flawed and does not accurately reflect trade imbalances, as it is based on arbitrary parameters set by the U.S. [4][5] - The U.S. tariff policy is said to violate World Trade Organization (WTO) principles, including the most-favored-nation treatment and non-discrimination rules [5][6] - The article highlights that the U.S. trade deficit is a structural issue that cannot be resolved through tariffs, as it is influenced by comparative advantages and international division of labor [7][8] Group 3 - The article notes that since the onset of the trade war in 2018, the overall U.S. trade deficit has not decreased, but rather has been redistributed among trading partners [8][9] - It emphasizes that high tariffs will not effectively fund domestic tax cuts, as tariff revenue is minimal compared to income and sales taxes [9][10] - The article warns that the tariff policy is likely to increase inflationary pressures in the U.S., ultimately burdening consumers [10][11] Group 4 - The article discusses the political pressures facing the U.S. tariff policy, with increasing opposition from both parties and concerns about its economic impact [10][11] - It highlights the potential for significant market volatility and economic downturns as a result of the tariff measures, with major financial institutions adjusting their growth forecasts [11][12] - The article concludes that the high tariffs may distort global resource allocation and weaken the U.S. industrial base, contradicting the political promises made by the Trump administration [12][13]

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. has announced a temporary exemption from tariffs on certain products, including computers, smartphones, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, and integrated circuits, while indicating potential future tariffs specifically on semiconductors [1] Group 1: Tariff Exemptions - The U.S. has exempted certain electronic products from "reciprocal" tariffs, which includes computers and smartphones [1] - This exemption is described as a temporary measure by President Trump [1] Group 2: Future Tariff Plans - U.S. Commerce Secretary Raimondo stated that tariffs on semiconductors will be imposed separately [1] Group 3: China's Response - Experts suggest that China has recognized the absurdity and coercive nature of U.S. tariff measures [1] - China's response of "not responding" is interpreted as a sign of insight and disdain towards U.S. tariff threats, rather than weakness [1] - For meaningful dialogue, China requires tangible actions from the U.S. [1]

Group 1 - The article argues that extreme tariff measures by the U.S. will ultimately harm both the U.S. and its trading partners, as supported by historical and empirical evidence [1][7] - Historical economists, from Bastiat to List, have emphasized the importance of moderate tariffs and free trade for economic development, indicating that excessive tariffs can weaken domestic production capacity [1][2] - A study by French economist Philippe Aghion and others found that tariffs do not correlate positively with total factor productivity, while fiscal subsidies and tax incentives do [2][3] Group 2 - The article highlights that prior to joining the WTO, high tariffs on imported cars did not lead to a strong domestic automotive industry in China, demonstrating that tariff protection does not foster industrial progress [3][4] - Post-WTO accession, China has gradually reduced its average tariff rate to 7.3% by 2023, indicating a shift towards lower trade barriers [4] - The development of industries in Shenzhen, such as mobile phones and renewable energy vehicles, is attributed to market competition rather than tariff protection [5][6]

Core Viewpoint - The article argues that extreme tariff measures employed by the U.S. since April 2023 will ultimately harm both the U.S. and its trading partners, contradicting historical and empirical evidence supporting free trade [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Context and Economic Theory - The article references the "ineffective railway theory" proposed by French economist Frédéric Bastiat, which illustrates that tariffs can negate the benefits of reduced trade costs [1]. - German economist Friedrich List emphasized the need for moderate tariffs to avoid harming domestic production capacity and tax revenue [1]. - The consensus among economists from Adam Smith to Paul Krugman highlights the importance of free trade for global economic development [1]. Group 2: Empirical Evidence - A study by Harvard professor Philippe Aghion and others analyzed data from 1.06 million Chinese enterprises from 1998 to 2007, concluding that fiscal subsidies and tax incentives positively correlate with total factor productivity, while tariffs do not [1][2]. - The article cites China's experience before and after joining the WTO, where high tariffs did not strengthen the domestic automotive industry, while subsequent tariff reductions led to growth in various sectors through market competition [2]. Group 3: Economic Implications - Warren Buffett's assertion that tariffs on imports will ultimately translate into domestic taxes suggests that such measures are contractionary and detrimental to economic growth [2]. - The article concludes that the U.S. government's tariff strategies will not yield positive outcomes for the economy or industry progress, reinforcing the idea that protectionist policies are counterproductive [2].