1月29日(周四)，美元指数在美联储利率决议及美国财长表态双重驱动下强势反弹，终结此前连续走弱 态势。亚洲早盘维持窄幅震荡，美联储暂停降息决议落地及强美元政策重申后，美元指数快速拉升突破 关键阻力，非美货币普遍承压回调，市场焦点转向后续经济数据及美联储主席人选进展。 此外，地缘与政策不确定性间接利好美元。特朗普警告将对伊朗实施更严重袭击，地缘风险升温推升避 险情绪，资金涌入美元资产；美联储主席人选竞争加剧，候选人政策倾向分歧明显，市场对政策稳定性 的担忧进一步促使短期资金转向美元避险。 技术面看，美元指数短期反弹动能充足，震荡偏强格局明确。日线级别突破前期震荡上沿，MACD零轴 下柱体收缩转正、DIFF逼近DEA有金叉预期，RSI升至55附近偏向强势；4小时图形成上升通道，布林 带中轨96.30为关键支撑，上轨96.80为短期阻力，突破后可看向97.00-97.20区间。 当日美元指数开盘报96.226，亚洲时段受观望情绪主导，在96.20-96.30区间窄幅整理、交投谨慎。北京 时间凌晨美联储议息会议结果公布后，美元指数应声拉升，日内最高触及96.787(阶段性高点)，随后小 幅回落但强势不改。截至发稿，美 ...

请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 1 期货研究 商 品 研 究 2026年01月29日 国泰君安期货商品研究晨报 观点与策略 | 黄金：再创新高 | 3 | | --- | --- | | 白银：冲刺120 | 3 | | 铜：美元承压，价格偏强 | 5 | | 锌：现实偏强 | 7 | | 铅：海外库存减少，支撑价格 | 9 | | 锡：区间震荡 | 10 | | 铝：震荡偏强 | 11 | | 氧化铝：逢高沽空 | 11 | | 铸造铝合金：跟随电解铝 | 11 | | 铂：跟随抬升 | 13 | | 钯：警惕补涨 | 13 | | 镍：印尼事件悬而未决，套保与投机盘博弈 | 15 | | 不锈钢：印尼加剧镍矿担忧，镍铁跟涨支撑重心 | 15 | | 碳酸锂：下游低位采买意愿增强，宽幅震荡延续 | 17 | | 工业硅：上游减产，盘面亦有支撑 | 19 | | 多晶硅：会议情绪偏好 | 19 | | 铁矿石：预期现实博弈，价格震荡 | 21 | | 螺纹钢：宽幅震荡 | 22 | | 热轧卷板：宽幅震荡 | 22 | | 硅铁：成本底部支撑，宽幅震荡 | 24 | | 锰硅：成本底部支撑，宽幅震荡 | 2 ...

2026年01月29日 国泰君安期货商品研究晨报-贵金属及基本金属 观点与策略 | 黄金：再创新高 | 2 | | --- | --- | | 白银：冲刺120 | 2 | | 铜：美元承压，价格偏强 | 4 | | 锌：现实偏强 | 6 | | 铅：海外库存减少，支撑价格 | 8 | | 锡：区间震荡 | 9 | | 铝：震荡偏强 | 10 | | 氧化铝：逢高沽空 | 10 | | 铸造铝合金：跟随电解铝 | 10 | | 铂：跟随抬升 | 12 | | 钯：警惕补涨 | 12 | | 镍：印尼事件悬而未决，套保与投机盘博弈 | 14 | | 不锈钢：印尼加剧镍矿担忧，镍铁跟涨支撑重心 | 14 | 国 泰 君 安 期 货 研 究 所 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 1 期货研究 商 品 研 究 商 品 研 究 2026 年 1 月 29 日 黄金：再创新高 白银：冲刺 120 刘雨萱 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0020476 liuyuxuan023982@gtjas.com 【基本面跟踪】 期货研究 贵金属基本面数据 | | | 昨日收盘价 | 日涨幅 | 昨日夜盘收盘价 | 夜盘涨幅 | | --- ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The U.S. government may issue executive orders related to housing, credit card, and financial product affordability, but the actual impact may be limited due to constraints on the government's ability to drive significant change through existing executive powers [1][2] - The Supreme Court's decision on IEP tariffs remains uncertain, with the potential for tariffs to be retained if the deliberation period extends [1][3][4] - Major U.S. banks reported steady consumer spending growth and improved loan quality, although concerns exist regarding the potential impact of credit card pricing caps [1][8][9] - The U.S. dollar is expected to trend downward in 2026, with emerging market currencies facing slightly unfavorable prospects, leading to an upgrade in ratings for cyclical G10 currencies like the Australian and New Zealand dollars [1][10] - The Japanese yen, with an implied fiscal risk premium, remains a strong hedging tool and has significant potential for appreciation [1][12] Summary by Sections Government Policy Tools - The government has three main avenues to address growth and affordability issues: legislation, executive measures, and informal pressure on industries [2] Supreme Court Tariff Decisions - The Supreme Court's indecision on IEP tariffs could lead to a prolonged uncertainty, with the possibility of tariffs being reconstructed through specific legal provisions if they are invalidated [3][4] Banking Sector Trends - Recent financial reports from major U.S. banks indicate positive trends, including a steady increase in consumer spending and improved credit quality, with expectations of a decrease in loan write-offs [1][8] - Concerns about the impact of proposed credit card interest rate caps on banks' profitability are prevalent, with potential legislative actions being monitored [9] Currency Market Outlook - The report anticipates a downward trend for the U.S. dollar in 2026, influenced by a soft labor market and ongoing monetary policy [1][10] - The yen is highlighted as a valuable hedging instrument due to its significant potential for appreciation amidst fiscal risk [1][12] European Credit Market - The European credit market is expected to see stable or slightly increased issuance of high-yield bonds and leveraged loans in 2026, driven by mergers and acquisitions and AI-related capital expenditures [16][17] - Credit spreads are currently at historical lows, with expectations of a gradual widening due to increased supply from anticipated M&A activity [17][18]

Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided in the report regarding the industry investment rating. Core Viewpoints - **2025 Review**: In 2025, Trump's reforms led to a weakening of the US dollar, and the difficulties in managing US dollar liquidity contributed to the rise of TACO trading. China maintained credit expansion and asset price prosperity due to the decline in external financial headwinds. However, the transmission from credit expansion to inflation was slow, and the economic structure showed a clear "virtual - real" divide [6][9]. - **2026 Outlook**: The key point in 2026 is whether the US can effectively maintain the stability of its yield curve. The pressure on US liquidity management may catalyze international cooperation and policy coordination. China's macro - policies aim to tap economic potential and expand domestic demand, promoting price recovery and the maturation of new productive forces [7]. - **2026 Asset Outlook**: In 2026, the operation of major asset classes will likely transition from the "recovery" to the "expansion" quadrant. The RMB is likely to appreciate with attention to the appreciation rhythm. Treasury bonds will remain in a volatile market. The stock market is expected to shift from valuation - driven to profit - driven, and domestic commodities will gradually bottom out and move upward [8]. Summary by Directory 1. Macro - economic and Major Asset Performance Review 1.1 Global Economy - In 2025, the US dollar was initially strong under the "Trump trade" expectation but weakened due to challenges in the offshore financial system. The Fed's attempts to control the "loose" rhythm led to on - shore liquidity tensions. The difficulty in balancing US dollar liquidity formed the basis of TACO trading. The global economic cycle supported a slight weakening of the US dollar [9][10]. 1.2 Chinese Economy - China's economy in 2025 was characterized by the repair of credit factors. With a weakening US dollar index, China maintained a loose monetary policy and increased fiscal deficits. The steepening of the Chinese bond yield curve was significant for credit expansion. However, the transmission from credit to inflation was blocked, and the economic structure showed a "virtual - real" divide [16][17]. 1.3 Policy Framework - In 2025, complex geopolitical games and domestic economic policies were interlinked. The Fed adopted a gradual easing policy to avoid excessive weakness of the US dollar. China's macro - policies were introduced gradually, focusing on maintaining external balance and shifting towards "anti - involution" and "expanding domestic demand" [23][28]. 2. Outlook for 2026 2.1 Policy Logic: US Policy Constraints 2.1.1 Fed's Constraints - The Fed faces increasing difficulty in controlling the yield curve. After the Silicon Valley Bank shock, the Fed tried to repair the inverted yield curve. However, in H2 2025, due to the low level of RRP, the Fed had to stop shrinking its balance sheet [30][31]. 2.1.2 US Fiscal Constraints - The US fiscal deficit is expected to remain at around 6% of GDP in 2026. The OBBBA - related tax - refund policy will widen the deficit gap in H1, but it may be offset by increased tariff revenues. The US Treasury may continue to issue more short - term bonds, and the Fed is expected to purchase over $400 billion of short - term bonds in 2026 [33][40]. 2.1.3 Summary - The Fed needs to cooperate with the US Treasury to maintain the stability of the yield curve. The management of the US Treasury yield curve is not only related to domestic policy trade - offs but also to international games and cooperation [47]. 2.2 Macro - game Coordinate System: Yield Curve and US Dollar Combination 2.2.1 Yield Curve Steepening Scenarios - **Scenario A (Steep Yield Curve, Weak US Dollar)**: A controllable steep yield curve and a weak US dollar can bring positive effects such as alleviating inflation pressure and promoting global economic recovery. However, an uncontrollable steep yield curve may lead to debt selling pressure. The positive scenario is of high probability, while the negative scenario is of low probability [50][57][62]. - **Scenario B (Steep Yield Curve, Strong US Dollar)**: If the Fed successfully controls the yield curve and the confidence in the US dollar is restored, it can lead to a positive scenario. A crisis - mode scenario is of low probability [63][65]. 2.2.2 Yield Curve Flattening Scenarios - **Scenario C (Flat Yield Curve, Strong US Dollar)**: A controllable flat yield curve and a strong US dollar can reflect the Fed's management ability. A rapid inversion of the yield curve is a low - probability negative scenario [66][68][69]. - **Scenario D (Flat Yield Curve, Weak US Dollar)**: A smooth decline of the yield curve and a weak US dollar can benefit non - US economies. A rapid inversion of the yield curve and a weak US dollar is a low - probability negative scenario [70][72]. 2.2.3 Summary - Managing the yield curve is crucial in 2026. The benchmark scenarios are those where the US Treasury bond can strengthen steadily or the yield curve steepens significantly in H1 and then declines controllably [73][74][76]. 2.3 Cycle Operation: Sino - US Policy Interaction from a Cycle Perspective 2.3.1 Cycle Positioning - Since 2023, the global inventory cycle has lost elasticity. In 2024, the US inventory cycle started to bottom out, and in 2025, China's inventory cycle also reached a low point. In 2026, the global cycle will progress further, and China's inventory cycle will play a more important role [77][80][84]. 2.3.2 Cycle Mechanism - The pressure from China's real - estate cycle and the US's restrictive policies has affected the global inventory cycle. The increasing pressure on US financial market liquidity has promoted Sino - US economic and trade negotiations and laid the foundation for geopolitical and economic stability in 2026 [89][91][94]. 2.3.3 China's Policy Choices - In 2026, China's macro - policies will remain positive, focusing on tapping economic potential and integrating policies. The main focuses are "dual - carbon leadership", "anti - involution", and stabilizing the real - estate market [95]. 3. Major Asset Classes 3.1 Major Asset Coordinate System - The coordinate system for major assets is constructed from the dimensions of real supply - demand and price elasticity. In 2026, major assets are likely to move from the lower - left quadrant to the upper - left quadrant, and the management of the US yield curve and the trend of the US dollar will affect the process [97][100][104]. 3.2 Analysis of Various Assets - **Exchange Rate**: The RMB is expected to appreciate moderately first and then enter a range - bound fluctuation, with a possible range of 6.7 - 7.2. Key factors include the US dollar index and the implementation of domestic demand - stimulating policies [105]. - **Treasury Bonds**: Treasury bonds will remain in a volatile market. If the interest rate is cut by 10bp, the 10 - year Treasury bond is expected to fluctuate between 1.6% and 1.9%. In an optimistic scenario, with a 20bp cut, the range will be 1.55% - 1.85% [106]. - **Stock Market**: The stock market is expected to shift from valuation - driven to profit - driven, with a positive outlook of oscillating upward [107]. - **Commodities**: The commodity market will operate in a pattern of "liquidity support, cycle resonance, and structural differentiation". It may experience wide - range fluctuations in H1 and a "re - inflation" - driven recovery in H2 if policies are effective [115].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the resurgence of the US dollar and its implications for the Chinese economy, drawing parallels with Japan's past experiences and emphasizing the need for a strategic response from China in the face of potential economic challenges posed by the dollar's strength [2][3][5][7]. Group 1: Dollar Dynamics - The US dollar serves as both a global trade settlement currency and a reserve asset for central banks, playing a crucial role in maintaining global economic stability while also acting as a financial weapon that can extract wealth from other nations [2]. - The "dollar smile curve" illustrates the dollar's dual nature, with its strength peaking during global financial panic and periods of robust US economic growth, while it weakens during economic downturns [2][3]. Group 2: Historical Context - The 1985 Plaza Accord exemplifies the US's strategy of manipulating the dollar to address its trade deficits, which ultimately led to significant economic consequences for Japan, including a massive asset bubble and subsequent economic stagnation [3][5]. - Japan's reliance on US monetary policy and its failure to address underlying economic issues contributed to its prolonged economic malaise, known as the "lost two decades" [5]. Group 3: China's Strategic Response - China is adopting a proactive approach to manage its currency, utilizing a "managed floating exchange rate system" to allow for market-driven fluctuations while maintaining control to stabilize expectations and prevent panic [7]. - The strength of China's industrial system, which encompasses all 41 industrial categories recognized by the UN, provides a solid foundation for economic resilience against external shocks [8]. - China's strategy to attract foreign capital involves opening its bond and stock markets, creating a more appealing investment environment rather than isolating itself from global capital flows [8]. Group 4: Comparative Analysis - The nature of US-China relations differs significantly from that of US-Japan relations, with China maintaining greater sovereignty and bargaining power, which influences its strategic decisions in the face of US dollar dominance [8]. - The article suggests that while history may not repeat itself, the dynamics of the current US-China competition are more complex, with China possessing a broader strategic depth and a more robust policy toolkit compared to Japan in the 1980s [8][10].

Economic Indicators - In May, the U.S. non-farm payrolls increased by 139,000, exceeding the market expectation of 130,000[10] - The unemployment rate remained stable at 4.2%, while the labor force participation rate decreased by 0.2% to 62.4%[10] - Average hourly earnings rose by 0.4% month-on-month, surpassing the expected 0.3%[10] Labor Market Trends - The downward revision of non-farm payrolls for the previous two months totaled a decrease of 95,000[10] - The number of voluntary job leavers has significantly decreased, indicating potential labor market weakness[10] - Initial jobless claims in recent weeks suggest a possible rebound in the unemployment rate, although this is not reflected in the current non-farm report due to the declining labor participation rate[10] Macro Economic Outlook - The U.S. economy is showing signs of moderate weakening, with the possibility of a global economic slowdown increasing[3] - The U.S. dollar is currently positioned in the middle of the "smile curve," typically strengthening during periods of strong economic performance or severe recession, and weakening during moderate economic slowdowns[3] - A significant risk is posed by potential severe recession or strong economic growth, which could cause the dollar to move towards the extremes of the smile curve[4] Federal Reserve Insights - The Federal Reserve is expected to maintain a cautious stance in upcoming meetings, with market pricing indicating two potential rate cuts within the year[28] - Fed Chair Powell emphasized the need for data-driven adjustments to monetary policy, maintaining a focus on achieving full employment and price stability[24] - Concerns about trade barriers potentially increasing inflation risks were raised by Chicago Fed President Goolsbee[26]

Economic Indicators - In May, the U.S. added 139,000 non-farm jobs, exceeding the market expectation of 130,000[10] - The unemployment rate remained stable at 4.2%[10] - Labor force participation rate decreased by 0.2% to 62.4%[10] - Average hourly wage increased by 0.4% month-on-month, surpassing the expected 0.3%[10] Market Trends - The U.S. economy is showing signs of moderate weakening, with recent employment data indicating a potential future rise in unemployment rates[3] - The dollar is currently positioned in the middle of the "smile curve," typically strengthening during periods of strong economic performance or severe recession, while weakening during moderate economic slowdowns[3] - Emerging market equities are seen as having higher allocation value in a weak dollar environment[3] Risks - There is a risk of significant U.S. economic recession or a substantial strengthening of the economy, which could cause the dollar to move towards the extremes of the smile curve[4][29]

Core Viewpoint - The recent rebound of the US dollar is driven by favorable sentiment, but concerns over policy uncertainty and debt sustainability are shaking investor confidence in dollar assets [1][2] Group 1: Dollar Dynamics - The "Dollar Smile Curve" theory, proposed by economist Stephen Jen in 2001, suggests that the dollar strengthens under two extreme conditions: when the US economy outperforms others or during significant global economic and political uncertainty [2] - Historical data shows that since 1980, the dollar index has risen during 4 out of 6 US recessions, indicating some validity to the "Dollar Smile Curve" theory [5] - Current conditions have shifted, with US tariff policies and fiscal sustainability becoming key factors influencing dollar movements, leading to a potential "Dollar Frown Curve" [5] Group 2: Fiscal Concerns - The US debt has reached $36.21 trillion, accounting for 124% of GDP, with interest payments projected to exceed $1 trillion in the 2024 fiscal year [7] - Rating agencies, including Moody's, warn that the US is facing a structural dilemma of long-term deficits and political dysfunction [7] Group 3: Economic Uncertainty - The resilience of the US economy, a prerequisite for the "Dollar Smile Curve," is under scrutiny, with concerns about extreme tariff levels and rising inflation risks [8] - Prominent figures, including JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon and hedge fund manager Ray Dalio, caution that the market may be underestimating the long-term risks associated with trade policies and US debt [8][9] - The Federal Reserve is cautious about balancing inflation pressures and recession risks, with officials indicating a preference for a wait-and-see approach regarding interest rate adjustments [9]

Core Viewpoint - The US dollar index has declined nearly 9% since Trump's return to the White House, potentially marking the worst performance in the first 100 days of a presidency since 1973, with Goldman Sachs warning of a long-term structural depreciation of the dollar [1][2][3]. Group 1: Economic Indicators - Goldman Sachs reports that while current "hard data" in the US remains strong, the negative impacts of tariff policies on the economy may not become apparent until mid-May or early June [1][3]. - The dollar index was reported at 99.68 points, having briefly fallen below 98, marking a three-year low [2]. Group 2: Investor Sentiment - Non-US investors currently hold $22 trillion in US assets, with half of that in unhedged stocks, indicating that a reduction in US exposure could lead to significant dollar depreciation [2][9]. - Shah emphasizes that the dollar's weakness is likely to be structural, as it serves as a natural adjustment mechanism to tariffs and economic uncertainties [3][5]. Group 3: Long-term Trends - Shah notes that the influx of private capital into US assets, which has historically supported a strong dollar, may be reversing, leading to a potential decline in demand for US assets [5][15]. - The dollar's actual value is currently above its historical average, suggesting a potential depreciation of 25% to 30% if non-US investors reduce their exposure [9]. Group 4: Policy Uncertainty - High levels of policy uncertainty and low consumer and business confidence contribute to market risk aversion, with Goldman Sachs estimating a 45% probability of a US recession in the next 12 months [16][19]. - Despite recent tariff pauses, many tariffs remain in place, and significant reductions are unlikely, which could prolong economic challenges [16][19].