Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the resilience of the U.S. labor market despite aggressive interest rate hikes by the Federal Reserve post-pandemic, characterized by a steepening of the Phillips and Beveridge curves [1][2][4][5]. - The U.S. labor market has shown robust growth with unemployment rates remaining historically low, even as the Federal Reserve raised interest rates from 0-0.25% to 5.25%-5.5% over a span of 11 hikes [3][4]. - The average monthly non-farm employment from March 2022 to March 2025 is 230,400, significantly higher than the pre-pandemic average of 178,000 [3]. Group 2 - The Phillips curve has become more vertical, indicating that despite a drop in inflation from 7.0% to 2.1%, the unemployment rate only increased from 3.6% to 4.1%, demonstrating the labor market's resilience [4]. - The Beveridge curve has steepened, showing that even with a decrease in job vacancy rates from 7.4% to 4.4%, the unemployment rate only rose slightly, further indicating labor market strength [5]. - The labor market is characterized by a significant "demand exceeding supply" situation, with a labor shortage exacerbated by slow recovery in labor supply post-pandemic [6]. Group 3 - Strong public and private investments, driven by the Biden administration's "Invest in America" agenda, have significantly boosted labor demand, with total spending around $1.2 trillion since late 2021 [7]. - Private sector investments have exceeded $1 trillion, particularly in manufacturing and non-residential construction, contributing to job growth despite high interest rates [7][8]. - The accumulation of "excess savings" and rising asset prices have supported consumer spending, which in turn has driven labor demand, creating a positive feedback loop in the economy [12][13]. Group 4 - The influx of low-cost immigrant labor has made the labor market both "scarce and relatively cheap," which has stimulated demand and mitigated the impact of high interest rates on business costs [14][15]. - The labor market's dynamics can explain the verticalization of the Phillips curve and the steepening of the Beveridge curve, as high demand persists even with rising interest rates [16]. - The neutral interest rate has risen post-pandemic, leading to an underestimation of the restrictive nature of the Federal Reserve's policy rates, which has contributed to the labor market's resilience [17][18]. Group 5 - In the short term, the labor market is expected to remain stable, with a gradual decrease in hiring rates but low levels of layoffs, indicating a balanced supply-demand situation [20][21]. - In the medium to long term, uncertainties stemming from potential policy changes under the Trump administration could impact the labor market, particularly regarding tariffs and federal spending cuts [22].

ADP周三报告称，由于企业准备应对美国总统特朗普对美国贸易伙伴征收关税可能带来的影响，4月招聘速度急剧放缓。 这份报告正值特朗普关税政策对企业招聘计划和更广泛经济状况影响的不确定性加剧之际。ADP首席经济学家Nela Richardson表示，"不安是当前的主旋 律。雇主正试图在政策和消费者不确定性与一系列多数积极的经济数据之间取得平衡。在这样的环境下很难做出招聘决定。" 本月，美国私营部门新增就业人数仅为6.2万人，是自2024年7月以来的最小增幅，大幅低于11.5万人的预期，较3月下修后14.7万的增幅有所放缓。 数据公布后，现货黄金短线拉升，并一度重回3290美元。 ADP数据是劳工部周五公布的非农就业报告的先行指标，这两份报告可能存在显著差异。经济学家预计定于周五公布的非农就业报告将显示就业增长13.5万 人，与不包括政府就业的ADP数据不同，预计失业率将维持在4.2%不变。 工资增长也出现放缓，报告显示，留在现有岗位的员工薪资同比上涨4.5%，较3月下降0.1个百分点。然而，跳槽者薪资上涨至6.9%，上升0.2个百分点。 从行业角度来看，休闲和酒店业增幅最大，新增2.7万个就业岗位。其他录得增长的行 ...

关税和国际贸易不确定性飙升 美国4月就业大幅放缓 金十数据4月30日讯，ADP周三报告称，公司在4月份大幅放缓招聘，以应对特朗普总统对美国贸易伙伴 征收关税的潜在影响。私营部门当月就业人数仅增加6.2万人，为2024年7月以来的最小增幅，原因是关 税实施程度及招聘计划和经济状况所受影响的不确定性加剧。工资涨幅也出现了倒退，没换工作的群体 工资同比增长4.5%，较3月份减少0.1个百分点。然而，换工作的人增加到6.9%，上升了0.2个百分点。 从行业角度来看，休闲和酒店业增幅最大，增加2.7万个就业岗位。其他出现增长的行业还包括贸易、 运输和公用事业（2.1万）、金融活动（2万）和建筑（1.6万）。教育和卫生服务岗位减少2.3万个，信 息服务岗位减少8000个。 ...