13 September 2025 | 10:59PM EDT Elsie Peng +1(212)357-3137 | elsie.peng@gs.com Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC Pierfrancesco Mei +1(212)902-8809 | pierfrancesco.mei@gs.com Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC Jessica Rindels +1(972)368-1516 | jessica.rindels@gs.com Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC Investors should consider this report as only a single factor in making their investment decision. For Reg AC certification and other important disclosures, see the Disclosure Appendix, or go to www.gs.com/research/hedge.html. US Daily: What D ...

| 证券分析师： | 田地 | 0755-81982035 | tiandi2@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980524090003 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 证券分析师： | 邵兴宇 | 010-88005483 | shaoxingyu@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980523070001 | | 证券分析师： | 董德志 | 021-60933158 | dongdz@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980513100001 | 事项： 美东时间 9 月 5 日，美国劳工部（BLS）公布 8 月非农就业报告。8 月新增非农就业人数 2.2 万（远低于预 期 7.5 万）。失业率小幅上行至 4.3%，符合预期。时薪同比增速 3.7%。 评论： 证券研究报告 | 2025年09月10日 8 月非农数据点评 就业骤冷，降息已成定局 经济研究·宏观快评 图1：8 月非农数据总览 | | | | | 2025年8月 非农数据总览表 | | | | | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- ...

Group 1 - In August, U.S. job growth significantly slowed, with only 54,000 jobs added, below the market expectation of 68,000 and a sharp decline from the revised 104,000 in July [1][3] - The labor market is showing signs of cooling, with reduced job vacancies and a slowdown in wage growth, indicating a shift towards a more relaxed supply-demand relationship in the labor market [1][5] - The ADP report indicates that while overall hiring has slowed, sectors like leisure, hospitality, and construction continue to see growth [3][5] Group 2 - The manufacturing, transportation, and education sectors experienced negative job growth in August, highlighting a broader trend of hiring deceleration across both goods-producing and service sectors [5][7] - The Challenger report shows that hiring intentions have dropped to the lowest level since 2009, while layoffs have increased significantly, reflecting a cautious approach from employers [5][7] - Market analysts agree that the slight cooling of the labor market is a fact, leading to a consensus that the Federal Reserve is likely to cut interest rates by 25 basis points in the upcoming meeting [5][7] Group 3 - The upcoming non-farm payroll report is anticipated to be a critical reference for the Federal Reserve's decision, with expectations of a 75,000 increase in non-farm jobs and a slight rise in the unemployment rate [7] - Following the ADP data release, U.S. stock futures showed minimal volatility, with the Nasdaq 100 futures down approximately 0.25%, and the dollar index remaining stable around 98.25 [7]

Group 1 - The upcoming employment report is expected to show the weakest job growth in the U.S. since the pandemic, potentially prompting the Federal Reserve to consider interest rate cuts [1][5] - Economists predict a non-farm payroll increase of only 75,000 jobs in August, marking the fourth consecutive month of job growth below 100,000 [1][4] - The unemployment rate is anticipated to rise to 4.3%, the highest level since 2021 [1] Group 2 - Recent months have seen a significant slowdown in U.S. job growth due to companies facing demand concerns, rising costs, and economic uncertainty stemming from trade policies [2][3] - The labor market is described as being in a "frozen" state, with businesses pausing hiring decisions until the economic situation becomes clearer [3] - Job growth in August is expected to be concentrated in a few sectors, particularly healthcare, leisure, and hospitality [3] Group 3 - The July employment report indicated a downward revision of job growth, altering perceptions of the labor market among economists and policymakers [4] - There are concerns about the integrity of U.S. employment data following significant revisions, which may suggest a more prolonged weakness in the labor market [4] Group 4 - The Federal Reserve is under increasing pressure to act as labor market conditions weaken, with Chairman Powell expressing openness to interest rate cuts [5][6] - Other indicators, such as a drop in job vacancies and an increase in unemployment claims, further complicate the outlook for the labor market [5] - Market expectations are leaning towards a 25 basis point rate cut in the upcoming Federal Reserve meeting, although future actions remain uncertain [5] Group 5 - The dual mandate of achieving full employment and stable prices is creating a challenging environment for policymakers, with potential disagreements among Federal Open Market Committee members [6] - The labor market is expected to be a key factor in interest rate decisions in the coming months, with a potential for rapid changes [6]

Core Insights - The U.S. private sector job growth in August fell short of expectations, with an increase of 54,000 jobs compared to the anticipated 65,000 [1][4] - The labor market is showing signs of cooling, with various factors contributing to a slowdown in hiring, including labor shortages and consumer concerns [3][5] Employment Data - The ADP report indicated a revision in previous job growth figures, with July's increase adjusted from 104,000 to 106,000 [1] - Job losses were particularly noted in the trade, transportation, and utilities sectors, which saw a net loss of 17,000 jobs, and the education and health services sector, which lost 12,000 jobs [3] - Conversely, the leisure and hospitality sector added 50,000 jobs in August, partially offsetting the losses in other sectors [3] Wage Growth - Wage growth remained stable in August, with overall wages for employed individuals increasing by 4.4% year-over-year, while those who changed jobs saw a 7.1% increase [4] Unemployment Claims - Initial jobless claims rose to 237,000, an increase of 8,000 from the previous week, exceeding market expectations [4] Federal Reserve Outlook - The labor market concerns have led to increased speculation about potential interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve, with market expectations for a rate cut in September rising to 97.4% [8][9] - The upcoming official employment report is anticipated to provide further insights into the labor market situation [6][7]

Group 1 - U.S. corporate hiring activity significantly slowed in August, with an increase of 54,000 jobs, well below the expected 68,000 and a decrease from the revised 104,000 in July [1][3] - The report aligns with other indicators showing a cooling labor market, including a reduction in job vacancies and a slowdown in wage growth [3][4] - The labor market's weakening trend is further supported by a recent Challenger report indicating the lowest hiring intentions since 2009 and a surge in layoffs [10] Group 2 - Despite the overall slowdown, certain sectors like leisure and hospitality, as well as construction, showed positive employment growth in August [4][8] - Conversely, hiring growth in goods-producing sectors and services experienced a deceleration, with negative job growth reported in manufacturing, transportation, and education [6][7] - Wage growth for job stayers has slowed to its lowest level since June 2021, indicating a potential balance in labor supply and demand, while job changers continue to see rising wages [8] Group 3 - The weak employment data has strengthened market expectations for a Federal Reserve interest rate cut, with a 97% probability priced in unless unexpected strong inflation data emerges [3][10] - The upcoming official employment report is anticipated to show an increase of 75,000 non-farm jobs in August, with a slight rise in the unemployment rate, which will be crucial for the Fed's rate decision [10]

Employment Data Summary - In July 2025, the U.S. added 73,000 non-farm jobs, significantly below the expected 110,000[6] - The unemployment rate rose to 4.2%, up from 4.1% in June 2025[6] - The labor force participation rate decreased to 62.2%, down from 62.3%[6] Employment Sector Analysis - The service sector contributed the most to job growth, adding 96,000 jobs, primarily in education and healthcare[6] - The leisure and hospitality sector saw a minimal increase of 5,000 jobs, while professional and business services experienced a decline of 14,000 jobs[8] - Goods-producing industries continued to struggle, with a loss of 13,000 jobs, marking three consecutive months of decline[8] Data Revisions and Trends - Job data for May and June were significantly revised downwards, with May's figures adjusted from 144,000 to 19,000 and June's from 147,000 to 14,000, totaling a downward revision of 258,000 jobs[6] - The three-month moving average for new jobs has fallen to 35,000, the lowest level since the pandemic began in 2020[6] Market Implications - Following the disappointing employment data, the market reacted negatively, but this is viewed as a short-term trend[6] - The probability of a 25 basis point rate cut by the Federal Reserve in September 2025 is now approximately 80%[6] - By the end of 2025, the market is pricing in a total rate cut of about 60 basis points[6] Risks and Considerations - There are risks of persistent discrepancies in employment data expectations[3] - The potential for the U.S. economy to enter a recession remains a concern[3] - There is also a risk of inflation rising above expectations[3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint indicates that the significant downward revision of June non-farm data reflects substantial disruptions to the U.S. economy due to tariffs, suggesting that the resilience of the U.S. economy should not be overestimated, and the direction of interest rate cuts remains highly certain [2][4][17] - In July, non-farm employment increased by 73,000, which is below the expected 110,000, and the previous value was revised down from 147,000 to 14,000, indicating pressure on the U.S. job market [6][11][22] - The unemployment rate in July rose to 4.2%, up from 4.1% in the previous month, while the average hourly wage increased by 3.9% year-on-year, exceeding the expected 3.8% [1][6][31] Group 2 - In July, the financial activities, healthcare, and retail sectors added 15,000, 79,000, and 16,000 jobs respectively, showing a stable demand in the service sector [3][22] - The manufacturing sector has seen negative job growth for three consecutive months, indicating insufficient production willingness among enterprises [3][22] - The labor force participation rate decreased to 62.2% in July, down from 62.3% in the previous month, with a notable decline in employment willingness among younger demographics [26][31] Group 3 - The downward revision of June non-farm data was primarily due to significant adjustments in government, leisure, and hotel employment, which collectively accounted for a 90,000 downward revision, representing nearly 70% of the total revision [12][17] - The cumulative downward revision for May and June non-farm data reached 258,000, while the July employment figure of 73,000 is a significant drop compared to the average monthly increase of over 100,000 in the first quarter [4][17] - The market anticipates that the Federal Reserve will cut interest rates three times in 2025, with an 80% probability for the first cut in September [4][21][37] Group 4 - The average hourly wage growth has shown an upward trend, with a month-on-month increase of 0.3% in July, higher than the previous 0.2% [37][39] - The service sector's job growth in July rebounded to 96,000, compared to a previous value of 16,000, indicating a relatively stable demand in the service industry [22][31] - The overall economic environment remains challenging, with second-quarter GDP growth at 3.0%, driven by a "import rush" effect, while core GDP growth has declined [18][22]

Economic Overview - Investors are closely monitoring employment data as a key economic indicator and a potential signal for the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates [2] - The U.S. economy added 147,000 jobs in June, exceeding economists' expectations, while the unemployment rate remained stable [4] - The average hourly wage growth was 3.7% over the past 12 months, slightly lower than previous levels [4] Employment Market Dynamics - Nearly 90% of new jobs in the past two and a half years have been concentrated in three sectors: government, leisure and hospitality, and private education and healthcare [7] - Job openings in June decreased to 7.437 million, below the expected 7.5 million, indicating a slowdown in labor demand [7] - The ratio of job openings to unemployed individuals remains at 1.1, consistent with pre-pandemic levels [7] Consumer Confidence and Labor Market Sentiment - Consumer confidence rose in July due to easing concerns about the overall economy and labor market [9] - The percentage of respondents perceiving job scarcity reached a four-year high of 18.9%, while the perception of abundant job opportunities increased slightly [9] - The labor participation rate continues to decline, and temporary job positions are decreasing, signaling caution in the labor market [9] Future Projections - If non-farm payrolls increase between 120,000 and 180,000 with a rising unemployment rate, it may slightly increase the likelihood of a Fed rate cut in September [11] - A significant drop in non-farm payrolls below 100,000, coupled with rising unemployment and stagnant wage growth, could confirm signals for a rate cut [11] - Gold may benefit from these conditions as a traditional safe-haven asset, potentially recovering above $3,300 [11]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the upcoming U.S. non-farm payroll report for June, highlighting expectations of a slowdown in job growth and potential implications for Federal Reserve policy [4][5][6]. Economic Indicators - Economists predict an increase of 110,000 in non-farm payrolls for June, a decrease from 139,000 in May, with the unemployment rate expected to rise slightly from 4.2% to 4.3% [4]. - Year-over-year wage growth is anticipated to remain steady at 3.9%, while month-over-month growth is expected to slow from 0.4% in May to 0.3% [4]. Labor Market Trends - There are signs of a cooling labor market, with a notable increase in continuing unemployment claims, reaching nearly 2 million, the highest level since November 2021 [9]. - The ADP report indicates a surprising reduction of 33,000 jobs in the private sector for June, marking the first monthly job loss since March 2023 [9]. Unemployment Rate Predictions - There is a divergence among economists regarding the unemployment rate, with some predicting it could rise to 4.4% due to weak job growth and challenges in the summer hiring season for college graduates [10]. - Factors such as immigration policies and labor force participation rates are influencing unemployment metrics, with some analysts suggesting that the actual unemployment rate could be higher if not for a decline in labor force participation [10]. Sector-Specific Insights - Economists are closely monitoring various sectors, including leisure and hospitality, healthcare, construction, manufacturing, and trade and transportation, for signs of employment trends [12]. - The leisure and hospitality sector showed strong hiring in May, but this trend may reverse in June due to reduced consumer spending on travel and related services [12]. Market Reactions - The S&P 500 index has recently reached new highs, driven by investor optimism regarding potential Fed rate cuts and trade agreements [15]. - A disappointing jobs report could trigger a sell-off in the stock market, with predictions that a non-farm payroll figure below 100,000 or an unemployment rate of 4.4% could lead to at least a 1% decline in stocks [15]. Gold Market Outlook - The article suggests that if the non-farm payroll data is below expectations, it could lead to a new round of dollar selling and increase the likelihood of Fed rate cuts, which would be bullish for gold prices [16]. - Conversely, better-than-expected employment data could alleviate concerns about the labor market and delay expectations for aggressive Fed easing, potentially putting downward pressure on gold [17].