Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significance of informal employment in rural areas, particularly in Yaoxian County, highlighting its characteristics, demographics, and economic implications for local communities [2][11]. Group 1: Characteristics of Informal Employment - Informal employment primarily consists of casual labor without formal contracts or social security, which is prevalent in rural areas [2]. - The informal economy serves as a crucial foundation for county-level societies, providing flexible job opportunities for many individuals [2]. Group 2: Demographics of Informal Workers - The majority of informal workers in Yaoxian County are rural residents, often opting for informal jobs due to the lack of stable formal employment opportunities [3][4]. - Informal employment is predominantly male, with many women either being full-time homemakers or working in stable factory jobs [6][7]. - A significant portion of informal workers are middle-aged and older individuals, who face greater survival pressures and often seek various income opportunities [8][10]. Group 3: Economic Context - The income from informal work can be comparable to or even exceed that of formal factory jobs, which are often low-paying and physically demanding [4][5]. - The local economy is characterized by a "low income - high consumption" balance, leading to limited savings among residents [10]. - The informal economy in Yaoxian County is not effectively integrated with the formal economy, as formal jobs do not attract many informal workers due to low income and lack of freedom [11].

能源领域民营经济发展 支撑有力 空间广阔 华北电力大学教授、国家能源发展战略研究院执行院长 王鹏 促进民营经济健康发展、高质量发展，是习近平总书记在民营企业座谈会上的明确要求。国家能源局深 入贯彻习近平总书记重要讲话精神，就促进能源领域民营经济发展进行专题研究部署，印发《国家能源 局关于促进能源领域民营经济发展若干举措的通知》（以下简称《通知》），凸显了不折不扣落实中央 要求的政治责任担当，凸显了遵循社会主义基本经济制度推动能源绿色低碳转型和建设新型能源体系的 信心决心。 一、《通知》立足能源领域民营经济基础，强化发展动能 能源行业坚定落实"两个毫不动摇"，发展各种所有制经济的功能和作用，近年来积累了雄厚的物质基 础。特别是党的十八大以来，在政策大力支持和市场有效驱动下，民营经济在能源领域不断发展壮大， 运营总体活跃。民营企业紧紧抓住政策红利和市场机遇，逆势增长，中国式现代化的"生力军"作用初步 显现。能源企业"500强"中，民营企业营收总额保持增长势头，占"500强"营收总额的比重接近三成。特 别是在新能源领域，民营企业发挥着创新引领的作用，能源民营企业前100名中有九成企业聚集在光 伏、电池、新能源汽车、 ...

Group 1 - Energy transition has become a priority for development, with Arab countries and China having complementary strengths in the energy sector, creating greater cooperation opportunities for green energy transition [1] - The Arab countries are setting energy transition goals and roadmaps to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and achieve economic diversification, as seen in Saudi Arabia's "Vision 2030" and the UAE's updated National Energy Strategy 2050 [1] - Different countries have varying energy transition models, with Arab nations focusing on decarbonizing traditional oil and gas development through technologies like Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) while investing in new energy industries such as green hydrogen [1][2] Group 2 - The global energy market is still dominated by traditional fossil fuels, and Arab countries, primarily developing nations, lack the technology and funding in the "carbon neutrality" sector, which can be supplemented through cooperation with China [2] - China has a complete industrial chain for energy transition, and cooperation in the energy transition supply chain between China and Arab countries can help extend green industrial chains and address shortfalls [2] - The collaboration in energy transition between China and Arab countries should focus on complementary advantages and comprehensive development, including establishing R&D and technology cooperation platforms in areas like wind energy, photovoltaics, hydrogen storage, and seawater desalination [2] Group 3 - Chinese companies are already investing in the renewable energy sector in Arab countries, transforming the region from a trade hub into a manufacturing base for Chinese renewable energy enterprises [3] - The low-carbon transition in Arab countries requires significant investment and is not only an economic transformation but also a social transformation that needs to be promoted [3] - Hainan is positioned as a benchmark for China's "dual carbon" goals, accelerating the construction of a clean energy island, with potential future collaborations with Arab League countries in nuclear small reactors, new energy storage, smart microgrids, and offshore wind energy for green hydrogen production [3]

文 | 国家能源局 4月28日，国家能源局发布《关于促进能源领域民营经济发展若干举措的通知》，通知指出， 支 持民营企业参与"沙戈荒"大基地投资建设， 加快发展虚拟电厂，有序推动发展绿电直连模式，研 究出台支持智能微电网健康发展的意见，制定推动大功率充电、提升充电基础设施运营服务质量 等政策，支持民营企业积极投资新型储能、虚拟电厂、充电基础设施、智能微电网等能源新技术 新业态新模式。 支持民营能源企业转型升级。 鼓励传统民营能源企业加快数字化改造和智能化升级，支持民营企 业在煤矿、电厂等智能化改造中发挥更大作用。鼓励民营企业推进风电场、光伏电站构网型技术 改造，创新"人工智能+"应用场景，提高出力预测精度、运行效率和管理水平。鼓励民营企业积 极培育风电、光伏设备循环利用先进技术和商业模式，提高资源利用效率。 鼓励民营企业高质量参与"一带一路"建设，稳妥开展风电、光伏、氢能、储能等绿色能源项目合 作，提高企业国际竞争力。 国家能源局关于促进能源领域民营经济发展若干举措的通知 国能发法改〔2025〕40号 各省（自治区、直辖市）能源局，有关省（自治区、直辖市）及新疆生产建设兵团发展改革委， 各派出机构，各有关能源 ...