[Table_Title] 策略研究 证券研究报告 2026 年 3 月 4 日 近期宏观经济数据跟踪 ——元瞻经纬总量月报（2026 年 2 月） 报告要点： 本期总量跟踪 工业生产及景气度篇：PPI 降幅持续收窄，价格端边际修复趋势明确。2026 年 1 月 PPI 当月同比降幅收窄至-1.4%，连续 6 个月改善，环比连续 4 个月 正增，显示工业品价格底部修复动能增强。从结构看，国际有色金属价格上行 显著抬升上游采选及冶炼价格；同时，全国统一大市场建设与供给侧结构优化 推动水泥、锂电、光伏设备等行业价格持续回升；叠加 AI 投资扩张带动半导 体材料、电子设备等中游价格改善，工业价格体系呈现由上游向中游扩散的特 征。 制造业景气短期回落，但价格信号释放积极变化。1 月制造业 PMI 回落至 49.3%，主要受季节性淡季及有效需求不足影响，生产、新订单指数同步下行。 但值得关注的是，PMI 价格指数明显回升，主要原材料购进价格指数与出厂 价格指数分别升至 56.1%和 50.6%，出厂价格指数近 20 个月首次重返临界点 以上。 内需篇：尽管内需有所回落，但 CPI 已在温和回升，有望改善内需不振的现 状 ...

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CPI Analysis - In January 2026, the CPI increased by 0.2% year-on-year, down from 0.8% in December 2025, with a cumulative year-on-year CPI of 0.0% for 2025[1] - The significant drop in CPI growth is primarily due to the high base effect from the 2025 Spring Festival, which fell in January[2] - Increased vegetable supply led to a decline in food prices, contributing to the overall CPI trend[3] - The core CPI, excluding volatile food and energy prices, was 0.8%, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month[4] PPI Analysis - The PPI decreased by 1.4% year-on-year in January 2026, an improvement from a 1.9% decline in December 2025, marking the smallest year-on-year decline since August 2024[5] - The PPI increased by 0.4% month-on-month, marking the fourth consecutive month of increase[6] - Key drivers for the PPI increase include improved supply-demand dynamics in certain industries and rising international prices for non-ferrous metals[7] - The PPI for production materials rose by 0.5% month-on-month, while the PPI for living materials increased by 0.1%[8] Future Outlook - The CPI is expected to rise significantly in February 2026, potentially reaching around 1.0% due to the reversal of the Spring Festival base effect[9] - The overall CPI for January and February combined is projected to be around 0.6% year-on-year, indicating a continuation of the price recovery trend from the second half of 2025[10]

Core Viewpoint - The Producer Price Index (PPI) in China showed a positive trend in January, with a month-on-month increase of 0.4%, marking the fourth consecutive month of growth, while the year-on-year decline narrowed to 1.4% [1] Group 1: PPI Trends - The PPI reflects a gradual improvement in industrial production demand and market vitality, indicating a potential positive cycle of "production recovery - demand increase - stable prices" [1] - Key industries such as cement manufacturing and lithium-ion battery production saw a month-on-month price increase of 0.1%, continuing their upward trend for four months [1] - The price of photovoltaic equipment and components shifted from a 0.2% decrease to a 1.9% increase, while basic chemical raw materials saw a price increase of 0.7% [1] Group 2: Sector-Specific Insights - The digital economy sector is experiencing strong growth, with prices in computer communication and other electronic device manufacturing rising by 0.5% due to increased demand for digital technologies [2] - Seasonal demand ahead of the Spring Festival contributed to price increases in the arts and crafts sector (4.1%) and agricultural products processing (0.3%) [2] - The price of winter clothing and down products also increased due to heightened demand for cold weather apparel [2] Group 3: International Influences - International prices of non-ferrous metals have remained strong, significantly impacting domestic prices in the non-ferrous metal industry, with PPI for this sector rising by 5.7% month-on-month [3] - Specific increases in metal refining prices were noted, with silver refining up by 38.2% and copper refining by 8.4% [3] - The rise in oil prices is expected to have a more pronounced effect on domestic PPI in February, with a notable reduction in the decline of petroleum product manufacturing prices [4] Group 4: Future Outlook - The PPI is expected to continue rising in February, but at a slower rate of around 0.2%, with a year-on-year decline projected to narrow to approximately 1.0% [3] - Marginal upward momentum for basic raw materials and industrial prices may weaken, as indicated by the slower growth in January compared to December [3] - Domestic demand is anticipated to become a more significant factor influencing PPI trends moving forward, with expectations of narrowing declines in the coming months [4]

Group 1 - In January, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased by 0.2% year-on-year and month-on-month, primarily influenced by the Spring Festival's timing, leading to a high comparison base from the previous year [1] - The Producer Price Index (PPI) decreased by 1.4% year-on-year, but the decline narrowed by 0.5 percentage points compared to the previous month, while it increased by 0.4% month-on-month, marking the fourth consecutive month of growth [1][3] - Energy prices fell by 5.0% year-on-year, contributing approximately 0.34 percentage points to the CPI decline, with gasoline prices down 11.4% [1] Group 2 - Core CPI showed a mild increase, with a month-on-month rise of 0.3%, the highest in six months, indicating a continuous recovery in consumer demand [1] - Prices for air tickets and travel agency services rose by 5.7% and 2.0% respectively, while prices for household services, hairdressing, and entertainment tickets increased between 0.4% and 2.8% [2] - Excluding energy, industrial consumer goods prices rose by 2.6% year-on-year, with significant increases in gold jewelry prices (77.4%) and household goods [2] Group 3 - The PPI's month-on-month increase of 0.4% reflects positive changes driven by the ongoing construction of a unified national market and increased demand in certain industries [3] - Prices in the raw materials and processing industries rose by 0.7% and 0.5% month-on-month, with year-on-year declines narrowing by 0.6 and 1.2 percentage points respectively [3] - The trend of "anti-involution" is expected to continue influencing the prices of basic raw materials and industrial products in the future [3]

Group 1: Consumer Price Index (CPI) Insights - In January, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased by 0.2% month-on-month and year-on-year, indicating a moderate recovery in consumer demand [1][2] - The core CPI, excluding food and energy, rose by 0.3% month-on-month, marking the highest increase in six months [3] - Food prices decreased by 0.7%, contributing to a decline in the CPI year-on-year by approximately 0.11 percentage points, while service prices increased by 0.1% [2][3] Group 2: Producer Price Index (PPI) Insights - The Producer Price Index (PPI) rose by 0.4% month-on-month, marking the fourth consecutive month of increase, with a year-on-year decline of 1.4% [4] - Key industries showed price increases due to improved supply-demand structures and the effects of capacity governance [4][5] - Domestic prices in the non-ferrous metal and petroleum sectors exhibited divergence due to international price fluctuations, with non-ferrous metal mining prices increasing significantly [6]

2月11日，国家统计局数据显示，今年1月，全国居民消费价格同比上涨0.2%，扣除食品和能源价格的核心CPI同比上涨0.8%。国家统计局城市司首席统计师 董莉娟表示，1月CPI同比涨幅有所回落，主要原因为春节错月影响和国际油价变动导致的能源价格降幅扩大。值得注意的是，国家统计局发布以2025年为 基期的全国居民消费价格指数（CPI）和工业生产者出厂价格指数（PPI）数据，这是本次基期轮换后的首次数据发布。国家统计局城市司相关负责人表示， 本次基期轮换对CPI和PPI各月同比指数的影响平均约为0.06和0.08个百分点，总体较小。 核心CPI保持温和上涨 数据显示，今年1月，全国居民消费价格同比上涨0.2%。其中，城市上涨0.2%，农村上涨0.1%；食品价格下降0.7%，非食品价格上涨0.4%；消费品价格上涨 0.3%，服务价格上涨0.1%。环比来看，1月，全国居民消费价格上涨0.2%。其中，城市上涨0.2%，农村上涨0.2%；食品价格持平，非食品价格上涨0.2%；消 费品价格上涨0.2%，服务价格上涨0.2%。 董莉娟表示，CPI同比涨幅有所回落，主要受春节错月影响和国际油价变动导致能源价格降幅扩大的影响。具体 ...

从同比看，1月份PPI下降1.4%，降幅比上月收窄0.5个百分点。重点行业产能治理成效持续显现，非金 属矿物制品业、黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业、计算机通信和其他电子设备制造业价格同比降幅均比上月 收窄。(完) （文章来源：中国新闻网） 同时，人工智能等数字化技术加快发展、算力需求增长，带动计算机通信和其他电子设备制造业价格环 比上涨0.5%，其中电子半导体材料、外存储设备及部件价格分别上涨5.9%和4.0%；春节前礼品和食品 等备货需求增加，带动工艺美术及礼仪用品制造、农副食品加工业价格环比分别上涨4.1%和0.3%。 受输入性因素影响，中国有色金属和石油相关行业价格走势分化。1月份，国际有色金属价格上行拉动 国内有色金属矿采选业、有色金属冶炼和压延加工业价格环比分别上涨5.7%和5.2%。国际原油价格波 动影响国内石油开采、精炼石油产品制造价格环比分别下降3.1%和2.5%。 中新社北京2月11日电 (记者王恩博)中国国家统计局11日公布，受全国统一大市场建设持续推进、部分 行业需求增加及国际大宗商品价格传导等因素影响，1月份中国工业生产者出厂价格指数(PPI)环比上涨 0.4%，同比下降1.4%。 国家统计 ...

国家统计局公布的数据显示，2026年1月份我国居民消费价格指数（CPI）环比上涨0.2%，同比上涨 0.2%；扣除食品和能源价格的核心CPI同比上涨0.8%。工业生产者出厂价格指数（PPI）环比上涨 0.4%，同比下降1.4%，同比降幅有所收窄，反映出物价温和回升与需求边际改善。 从CPI表现看，同比涨幅回落主要受春节错月影响，但核心CPI仍保持温和上涨态势。上年1月为春节月 份，食品及部分服务价格上涨较多，导致上年同期对比基数偏高，从而带动本月同比涨幅回落。今年春 节在2月份，预计2月份CPI可能出现一定回升。 总体看，1月份物价温和回升有助于改善市场对需求端的预期，也对资本市场信心形成一定支撑。货币 政策方面，2月10日中国人民银行发布2025年第四季度货币政策执行报告，强调适度宽松的货币政策有 效支撑经济稳中有进，金融总量合理增长，融资成本显著下降，重点领域支持更为精准有力。 报告提出，下一阶段将继续实施好适度宽松的货币政策，强调逆周期与跨周期调节，并灵活高效运用降 准、降息等多种政策工具，保持流动性充裕和社会融资条件相对宽松。2025年末社会融资规模存量与广 义货币供应量（M2）同比增速分别为8.3% ...

1月份，居民消费需求持续恢复，居民消费价格指数（CPI）环比上涨0.2%，同比上涨0.2%，扣除食品 和能源价格的核心CPI同比上涨0.8%。受全国统一大市场建设持续推进、部分行业需求增加及国际大宗 商品价格传导等因素影响，工业生产者出厂价格指数（PPI）环比上涨0.4%，同比下降1.4%。 股票频道更多独家策划、专家专栏，免费查阅>> 一、CPI同比涨幅回落主要受春节错月影响，核心CPI保持温和上涨 责任编辑：山上 二、PPI环比继续上涨，同比降幅收窄 PPI环比上涨0.4%，连续4个月上涨，涨幅比上月扩大0.2个百分点。本月PPI环比运行的主要特点：一是 全国统一大市场建设持续推进带动部分行业价格上涨。水泥制造、锂离子电池制造价格环比均上涨 0.1%，均连续4个月上涨；光伏设备及元器件制造价格由上月下降0.2%转为上涨1.9%，基础化学原料制 造价格由下降0.1%转为上涨0.7%，黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业价格由下降0.1%转为上涨0.2%。二是需 求增加带动相关行业价格上涨。人工智能等数字化技术加快发展、算力需求增长带动计算机通信和其他 电子设备制造业价格环比上涨0.5%，其中电子半导体材料、外存储设备及 ...