本文原载于《证券时报》2026年2月12日头版 责编：叶舒筠 校对：王锦程 为了寻求比存款利率更高的投资收益，住户和非金融企业的存款表面上是"搬家"到了资管产品，但其中 很大规模资金又以非银行金融机构存款的形式回流银行表内负债端。这是因为大部分居民和企业对资金 配置的主要诉求是保值，追求安全稳健的收益，对固收类资管产品的需求量大，这些产品相应的底层资 产会更多配置存单、利率债等安全性高的债权类资产。不过，资管产品新增资产主要集中于同业存款或 存单，也反映出资管机构的投资策略高度趋同，可投资产种类有限。 未来一段时间，我国的利率水平仍将保持低位运行。短期看，居民企业的金融资产配置在存款与固收类 资管产品之间切换还是主流。长远看，居民企业积累的庞大存量财富和持续产生的新增财富迫切需要更 丰富的资产类别供投资选择，有序引导更多资金配置从债权类资产向股权类资产转移将是大趋势，但这 离不开一个重要的"吸引力前提"：资本市场不能大起大落，要让更多的普通投资者真正赚到钱，才能慢 慢改变广大投资者的投资风险偏好。因此，建立增强资本市场内在稳定性长效机制，促进资本市场健康 稳定发展，不仅是稳市之基，更是打造资管行业良性竞争生态 ...

Monetary Policy Overview - The central bank's report emphasizes the flexible and efficient use of various policy tools such as reserve requirement ratio (RRR) cuts and interest rate reductions to maintain ample liquidity and relatively loose social financing conditions [1][2] - The report highlights the importance of aligning social financing scale and money supply growth with economic growth and price level expectations [2] Interest Rate Management - The report outlines plans to further improve the interest rate adjustment framework, strengthen the guidance of central bank policy rates, and enhance the market-based interest rate formation and transmission mechanism [2] - The goal is to lower bank funding costs and promote low-level operation of comprehensive social financing costs [2] Exchange Rate Stability - The report calls for maintaining the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level, using a managed floating exchange rate system based on market supply and demand [2] - It emphasizes the need to strengthen expectations management and prevent excessive fluctuations in the exchange rate [2] Financial Structure and Support - The report discusses the implementation of structural monetary policy tools to support key areas such as expanding domestic demand, technological innovation, and small and micro enterprises [2][3] - It highlights the collaboration between fiscal and monetary policies to enhance financial support for these sectors [4][5] Asset Management Products and Deposits - The report notes a decline in the growth rate of household deposits in Q3 2025, while asset management products have seen rapid growth, indicating a shift in financial asset allocation [8][9] - The total assets of asset management products reached 120 trillion yuan by the end of 2025, with a year-on-year growth of 13.1% [8] Liquidity Assessment - The report suggests that combining asset management products with bank deposits provides a better perspective for assessing the liquidity conditions of the financial system [9][10] - The total liquidity indicator, which aggregates various liquid financial instruments, showed a year-on-year growth of approximately 8.1% by the end of 2025, indicating stable growth trends [10]

新华财经上海2月2日电（记者王淑娟）安永2月2日发布的《中国金融改革开放2025年度报告》显示， 2025年，中国金融改革与对外开放"步稳蹄疾"，并且取得了一系列显著成果，为全球经济增长和金融市 场繁荣注入了新的活力。安永（中国）企业咨询有限公司大中华区金融服务华中市场主管合伙人吴俊表 示，站在金融强国建设的历史节点上，中国金融改革开放迈入了系统性深化、制度型开放全面提速的新 阶段。2025年，中国金融改革对外开放在市场建设、行业发展、机构引进、业务拓展方面均取得了丰硕 的成果。同时，与时俱进的监管改革及因地制宜的区域政策，也为外资机构在华投资和业务拓展创造了 更加开放和有利的环境。 安永大中华区金融服务银行业及资本市场主管合伙人顾珺表示，在全球经济变局下，2025年中国市场保 持了活力充沛和潜力释放，发展环境的确定性和稳定性优势鲜明。制度型开放走深走实，增强资本市场 吸引力和包容度，外资银行和外资券商深度参与了金融业务试点和前沿领域；跨境金融蓬勃发展，市场 互联互通持续升级；金融产品和服务进一步多元扩容，资源配置效率和服务实体经济的质效同步提升； 中外资机构优势互补、良性竞合，开放型经济增长动能为行业高质量 ...

Group 1: Economic Growth Outlook - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has raised China's economic growth forecast for 2025 by 0.2 percentage points to 5% and has also upgraded the 2026 growth expectations [1] - Multiple international financial institutions have similarly increased their growth forecasts for China, indicating a resilient economic performance among major global economies [1] - Deutsche Bank's chief economist for China predicts a more balanced economic growth driver in 2026, with consumption being further activated, investment contributions rebounding, and exports expected to maintain growth [1] Group 2: Export Resilience - In 2025, China's goods trade is projected to grow rapidly, with total foreign trade reaching 45.47 trillion yuan, a 3.8% increase, and exports at 26.99 trillion yuan, up 6.1% [2] - Goldman Sachs forecasts that China's exports will continue to be a core driver of economic growth, with nominal export growth expected to rise by 5% to 6% annually in the coming years [2] - The resilience of Chinese exports is attributed to strong competitiveness, dominance in rare earth and key mineral sectors, and growth potential in high-tech exports driven by policy support and global AI-related capital expenditure cycles [2] Group 3: Consumer Spending Trends - Domestic consumption recovery and upgrade are becoming significant supports for China's economic growth, with Goldman Sachs estimating a stable consumer growth rate of around 4.5% this year [3] - Service consumption is expected to outpace goods consumption growth in 2026, driven by policy emphasis on service sector development and the potential for a virtuous cycle of employment and income growth [3][4] - The shift in consumer spending from goods to services is evident, with households increasingly willing to spend on leisure, dining, and lifestyle experiences [4] Group 4: Investment Focus - Investment is seen as a crucial lever for stabilizing growth, with key sectors becoming focal points for future growth opportunities [5] - Goldman Sachs anticipates a rebound in fixed capital formation growth to 3.5% in 2026, targeting high-tech, strategic emerging industries, urban renewal, and basic livelihood infrastructure [5] - Traditional industries are expected to undergo digital and intelligent upgrades, with significant potential in sectors like brain-computer interfaces and robotics, although they are still in early stages [5][6]

Core Views - The article emphasizes the importance of building a strong financial nation and the new historical mission for the wealth management industry, as outlined in the "14th Five-Year Plan" [1] Group 1: Wealth Management Industry Dynamics - Wealth management serves as a crucial link between the funding and asset sides, playing a vital role in providing financial services to the real economy and achieving inclusive finance [2] - The rapid growth of household wealth in China is accompanied by a significant internal structural adjustment, notably the trend of "deposit migration" from traditional bank savings to wealth management products, funds, and capital markets [4] - The current phase of deposit migration is seen as a necessary outcome of optimizing asset allocation in a low-interest-rate environment, with the trend expected to continue as market activity increases [5] Group 2: Factors Driving Deposit Migration - The fundamental change in the interest rate environment is identified as the core driver of the deposit migration trend, with current bank deposit rates significantly lower than those from 2019 to 2021 [6] - The total amount of deposits in China is approximately 1.5 times the total market capitalization of A-shares, indicating substantial potential for capital market inflows [6] Group 3: Balancing Client Expectations - Clients often express a desire for both high returns and low volatility, creating a mismatch with financial realities, which poses challenges for asset management institutions [7] - Solutions to this challenge include setting reasonable expectations and optimizing strategies, such as designing appropriate product structures to smooth short-term volatility [7] Group 4: Investor Education and Engagement - The concept of "investor companionship" is gaining traction, focusing on helping clients understand products and manage risks effectively, especially during market fluctuations [9] - Continuous and detailed investor engagement is crucial for smoothing client emotions and achieving long-term value [9] Group 5: Future Competitiveness in Wealth Management - The competition in the wealth management industry is shifting from scale expansion to a deep competition in core capabilities, including global asset allocation, digital operations, and professional talent [10] - Asset management institutions are encouraged to enhance their strategies and products to meet the growing demand for cross-border investments [10] Group 6: Long-term Value Creation - Key directions for the future include establishing a client-centered investment management system, improving service quality, and leveraging technology for business development [11] - The industry is entering a new growth era, where focusing on service, professional capabilities, and genuine client engagement will be essential for navigating challenges and creating long-term value [11]

Core Insights - The recent data from the People's Bank of China indicates a significant decrease in both household and corporate deposits, while non-bank deposits have increased, suggesting a shift in asset allocation rather than a true "migration" of deposits [1][3][8] Group 1: Deposit Trends - In October, household deposits decreased by 1.34 trillion yuan, and corporate deposits fell by 1.09 trillion yuan, while non-bank deposits rose by 1.85 trillion yuan [1] - The term "deposit migration" is deemed inaccurate as it reflects a reallocation of deposits among different entities rather than a net outflow [1][3] - The increase in non-bank deposits is attributed to the expansion of wealth management products and sustained trading activity in the stock market [3][8] Group 2: Wealth Management Products - "Fixed income plus" (固收+) products have gained popularity, with some achieving annualized returns of up to 7% [2][6] - The total market size for "fixed income plus" wealth management products is expected to grow by over 1.4 trillion yuan this year, contributing to an overall market size of 33.5 trillion yuan by 2025 [6] - The shift towards "fixed income plus" reflects a broader trend of investors seeking higher yields as traditional deposit rates decline [6][9] Group 3: Investor Behavior - There is a notable increase in the number of individual and institutional investors in wealth management products, with personal investors rising by 10.29 million in the first half of the year [4] - The risk appetite among investors has shown signs of recovery, reversing a four-year trend of declining risk tolerance [4][10] - Wealth management firms are adapting by diversifying their product offerings and enhancing risk management strategies to meet changing investor expectations [9][10] Group 4: Market Dynamics - The overall market for wealth management products reached 32.13 trillion yuan by the end of Q3, marking a year-on-year increase of 9.42% [8] - The transition towards "fixed income plus" is seen as a critical strategy for wealth management firms, although progress has been slow due to investor hesitance towards net asset value fluctuations [8][9] - Firms are increasingly incorporating equity assets into their "fixed income plus" products to enhance returns and attract a broader investor base [7][9]

Group 1: Real Estate Market - The real estate market has shifted, with not all properties being difficult to sell; properties in core urban areas can sell quickly, while those in third-tier cities struggle [5][6] - Since the second half of 2021, the real estate sector has been in deep adjustment, indicating that buying property is no longer a guaranteed profit strategy [6][8] - The demographic trend shows a slowdown in young population growth, leading to demand concentrating in cities with industry and population inflow, causing price declines in non-core areas [8] Group 2: Investment Products - The yield on investment products has significantly decreased, with previously common 8% returns now mostly around 2%, primarily due to liquidity issues in underlying assets like real estate and local government financing [10] - Regulatory changes have altered the investment landscape, making it essential to evaluate the underlying assets of financial products rather than just their yields [12] Group 3: Monetary Policy and Economic Outlook - Global monetary policies are shifting towards easing, with the U.S. Federal Reserve reducing rates from 5.25%-5.5% to around 4%, and further cuts expected, potentially bringing rates below 3% [14][16] - China's monetary policy is also transitioning to a moderately loose stance, with expectations of rate cuts and a focus on stabilizing economic growth around 5% [17] - Lower borrowing costs from reduced mortgage rates and corporate financing will positively impact capital markets and corporate profitability, supporting long-term stock market growth [19] Group 4: Investment Strategy Recommendations - Households are advised to reassess their asset allocation, as many have a high percentage of wealth tied up in real estate, which poses risks [21] - A suggested asset allocation strategy includes emergency funds, stable investments, and growth-oriented investments to avoid liquidity issues [23] - Success in the new investment environment relies on patience and adapting to policy changes rather than relying on outdated strategies [25]

Core Viewpoint - The trend of "deposit migration" among residents is increasing, with a significant shift of funds from traditional bank deposits to wealth management products and securities investments, driven by declining deposit rates and the attractiveness of financial markets [1][4][8]. Group 1: Deposit Trends - In August, new resident deposits increased by 110 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 600 billion yuan, marking two consecutive months of negative growth [1]. - Non-bank deposits saw an increase of 1.18 trillion yuan in the same month, showing a substantial year-on-year growth despite a month-on-month decline [1]. - The trend of deposit migration is expected to continue, with an estimated scale of hundreds of billions of yuan moving into wealth management products over the next year [1][8]. Group 2: Corporate Wealth Management - Over the past year, listed companies have shown a structural change in their use of idle funds, with a decrease in the proportion of deposit products and a slight increase in bank wealth management and stock products [2]. - The total amount of wealth management products subscribed or planned by listed companies reached 3.734 trillion yuan, with 56.29% of this amount allocated to deposit products [2]. - The proportion of funds allocated to wealth management products has increased significantly, from 15.16% in the previous period to 28% in the current period [2]. Group 3: Investment in Securities - Some companies have increased their investments in secondary market stock-related products, with over 10 billion yuan invested in stock products in the past year [3]. - Companies like Liou Co. and Jilin Aodong have announced plans to invest significant amounts in securities, including new stock subscriptions and other investment activities [3]. Group 4: Market Conditions - The continuous decline in deposit rates has led to a lower yield on public deposits, with rates dropping to around 1% from over 3% in 2020 [6][8]. - The average annualized yield of bank wealth management products has reached 2.12%, creating a significant yield gap compared to deposit products [7][8]. - Asset management institutions are actively entering the corporate wealth management market, responding to the demand for safer and more liquid investment options [7][8].

Core Viewpoint - The trend of "deposit migration" among residents is increasing, with a notable decline in bank deposit products and a slight rise in wealth management and stock investments [1][5] Group 1: Deposit Trends - Resident deposits have decreased for two consecutive months, with an addition of 110 billion yuan in August, down 60 billion yuan year-on-year [1] - Non-bank deposits increased by 1.18 trillion yuan in August, showing significant growth compared to the same period last year [1] - The proportion of deposit products among listed companies has declined, with a shift towards wealth management and stock investments [2][3] Group 2: Wealth Management and Investment Shifts - Listed companies have announced a total of 373.4 billion yuan in wealth management investments over the past year, with a notable increase in the proportion of wealth management products [2] - The amount allocated to wealth management products reached approximately 589.94 million yuan, accounting for 28% of total investment, compared to 15.16% in the previous period [3] - Some companies are extending their investment targets to the primary market, indicating a diversification in investment strategies [4] Group 3: Market Conditions and Institutional Response - The continuous decline in corporate deposit rates and the recovery of the equity market are driving companies to reduce deposit sizes and increase wealth management and stock investments [5][6] - Recent adjustments in deposit rates have seen significant reductions, with major banks lowering rates across various terms [6] - The average annualized yield for bank wealth management products is now higher than that of deposit products, prompting a shift in investment strategies among companies [7][8] Group 4: Future Outlook - Companies are expected to continue reallocating funds from deposits to wealth management, with estimates suggesting a potential migration of several hundred billion yuan in the coming year [8] - The interest in overseas wealth management products is also growing, indicating a broader diversification in asset allocation strategies [8]

Group 1 - The core challenge for the banking sector is the downward trend in interest rates, which is expected to continue, impacting financial operations in China [2][3] - The phenomenon of "disintermediation" is emerging, where funds are flowing from banks to non-bank financial institutions and markets, indicating a positive shift in the financing structure favoring capital market development [3][4] Group 2 - Financial intermediaries, particularly banks, must undergo transformation in four key areas: 1. Transition from selling products to providing financial services, as many banks still operate in a traditional manner reliant on interest margins [5] 2. Development of asset management businesses to enhance direct financing efficiency, which is crucial for implementing central financial policies [5][6] 3. Strengthening asset trading operations through market mechanisms, leveraging advancements in technology such as digitalization and blockchain [6] 4. Promoting integrated operations to overcome the limitations of segmented business and regulatory practices [6] Group 3 - There is a significant opportunity for the capital market to develop, driven by declining interest rates and the disintermediation trend, which creates a favorable environment for asset management markets [7][8] - The focus of reform should be on converting household savings into corporate capital, as the capital market plays a central role in this transformation [7][8] Group 4 - The international economic landscape is undergoing profound changes, with a shift towards bilateral negotiations and a decline in the effectiveness of global governance mechanisms established post-World War II [9][10] - Despite external challenges, the resilience of the Chinese economy remains strong, with confidence in the ability to manage the impacts of tariffs and maintain a robust manufacturing and service sector [10][11]