以下文章来源于做配置的小雪 ，作者做配置的小雪 做配置的小雪 . 曾经幻想暴富，现实变成暴负，投资只能慢慢变富～ 在刚刚过去的2025年，全球顶流对冲基金业绩相当不错。尤其是我们熟悉的桥水基金，表现更是炸裂——创造了50年来最 高年度收益率。 一、桥水三只 基金 位列前五，并且大幅跑赢纳斯达克100 指数 在全球顶流对冲基金年度收益榜中，桥水有3只基金跻身TOP5。 其中，桥水亚洲基金实现37%的回报，位列第二，桥水纯阿尔法II宏观基金和桥水中国基金，都获得了34%的回报，共同位 列第四， 这三只基金都大幅跑赢了 纳指100指数 （同期涨约20%）。 而我们熟悉的采用风险平价策略的桥水全天候 基金 ，年回报约20%，同样明显跑赢 标普500指数 （同期涨约16%），位列 第10。 | 排序 | 基金名称 | 收益率 | | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | Melgart机会基金 | 45.10% | | 2 | 桥水亚洲基金 | 37% | | 3 | 探索资本 | 35.60% | | ব | 桥水"纯阿尔法 II"基金 | 34% | | 4 | 桥水中国基金 | 34% | | 6 | ...

做配置的小雪 . 曾经幻想暴富，现实变成暴负，投资只能慢慢变富～ 最近，收到一位朋友留言，他认为，我们应该追求集中投资，而不是分散投资。 集中还是分散，只是两种投资流派，没有对错之分，选择适合自己的才是最好的。 不过，根据我们的经验来看，集中投资是「极少数天赋怪」的游戏，对于大多数投资者而言，分 散投资更容易赚到钱。 01 以下文章来源于做配置的小雪 ，作者做配置的小雪 分散投资的「成功概率」远高于集中投资 过去，集中投资创造了很多财富神话，并被散户们热烈追捧，但事实是，正是因为集中投资成功 的概率极低，所以才叫做"神话"。 即使在成熟的美股市场，提到集中投资的成功典范，我们只能想到巴菲特的伯克希尔·哈撒韦。 然而靠分散投资取胜，并且规模不断壮大的机构则非常多，比如贝莱德、先锋领航、道富环球、 桥水、富达等等。 尽管身处财富管理行业最发达的美国，有最顶级的投研团队和技术能力，但是靠分散投资成功的 机构，也比集中投资的更多。 02 集中投资的「难度」远高于分散投资 靠集中投资赚钱的前提是，找到并且看懂好公司，但这非常难。 股票的估值不止受公司影响，还受宏观环境、产业行业、以及市场情绪影响，想要看懂这些更不 容易 ...

对于广大投资者而言，如何在行业重构中保持稳健？基金是普通人获取投资收益的重要载体。如何买基金才能行稳致远？雪球财富陪伴官小雪、雪 球人气用户范范爱养基、雪球人气用户六亿居士，为大家带来主题为《这样买基金收益更稳定》的交流与分享。 上证指数重新站上4000点，很多人的第一反应是：牛市来了。 但今年最反常的地方恰恰在这儿：牛市里，照样有人赚不到钱，甚至亏钱。 市场并不缺机会：AI科技、黄金、海外市场都在轮动，投资工具也比过去更丰富，以及更体系化的资产配置方案正在普及。真正难的，是在情绪扩 张、热点加速、震荡反复的环境里，守住自己的安全边际和纪律。 在雪球嘉年华的这场对谈中，雪球财富陪伴官小雪与雪球人气用户范范爱养基、六亿居士围绕《这样买基金收益更稳定》展开交流： 这一次4000点和2015、2017年有什么本质不同？为什么"几乎所有亏钱的决策都发生在牛市"？普通投资者如何通过多元分散、动态再平衡，把收益 做得更稳定、更可持续？ 01 这次4000点有何不同 小雪 ：欢迎两位，今天准备了一些问题，期待和两位老师进行深度交流，希望今天对谈可以给球友新的启发和思考。聊到投资逃不开行情，今年的 行情是风雨兼程、跌宕起伏。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent rise of the A-share market, particularly the significance of the 4000-point level, emphasizing that liquidity is the key factor driving this market movement rather than fundamental performance [8][31]. Group 1: Market Sentiment and Trends - The A-share market recently surpassed the 4000-point mark, which was previously viewed as a potential peak by many investors [5][6]. - There is a tendency for investors to become more optimistic as the market rises and more pessimistic during declines [4]. - The article suggests that the 4000-point level may serve as a new starting point for the market rather than a peak [5][31]. Group 2: Liquidity and Market Dynamics - The current bull market is primarily driven by valuation expansion rather than earnings growth, indicating that liquidity is crucial for further price increases [8][9]. - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) announced the resumption of government bond trading, which coincided with the market reaching 3999 points, suggesting a strategic move to support the bond market [10][12]. - The relationship between U.S. monetary policy and Chinese liquidity is highlighted, with the PBOC's actions potentially influenced by ongoing U.S.-China negotiations [12][25]. Group 3: U.S.-China Relations and Economic Implications - The article posits that discussions between the U.S. and China extend beyond tariffs, encompassing financial matters that could impact market liquidity [14][15]. - China's international financial influence is growing, with significant capital held overseas that could affect U.S. markets [15]. - The potential for U.S. interest rate cuts is linked to China's economic strategies, particularly regarding rare earth materials and AI investments [16][17][22]. Group 4: Future Market Outlook - The article concludes that as long as liquidity continues to be released, the foundation for a bull market remains intact, with the possibility of economic recovery driving performance [31][33]. - The upcoming period may see a temporary ceasefire in U.S.-China tensions, allowing for potential advancements in technology and economic collaboration [34][36]. - The 4000-point level is deemed neither a definitive starting point nor an endpoint, emphasizing the importance of a robust investment strategy over short-term market fluctuations [46][47].

Core Viewpoint - The essence of investing lies in overcoming human emotions of greed and fear, emphasizing the importance of patience and common sense in wealth accumulation [4][11][19]. Group 1: The Power of Compounding - Compounding is often misunderstood but is a powerful tool for wealth growth, with the "72 Rule" allowing investors to estimate how long it will take for their money to double based on annual returns [6][7]. - For example, an annual return of 5% takes approximately 14.4 years to double, while 8% only takes about 9 years [7]. - A historical case illustrates the power of compounding: Benjamin Franklin's $5,000 gift grew to $2 million after 200 years due to compounding [10]. Group 2: Investment Strategies - The best investment approach is often the simplest, with a focus on index funds and dollar-cost averaging to mitigate emotional decision-making [19][32]. - Investors should diversify their portfolios to include various asset classes, such as stocks, bonds, and cash reserves, to manage risk effectively [23][25]. - Regular rebalancing of the portfolio helps maintain desired asset allocation and counteracts emotional biases during market fluctuations [27][30]. Group 3: Personal Development as Investment - Investing in oneself yields the highest returns, with activities such as reading, skill acquisition, and maintaining health contributing to long-term wealth and opportunity [33][41]. - The journey to wealth is straightforward: save money, start investing in index funds, maintain discipline, and continuously improve personal knowledge and skills [39].

Core Concept - The article introduces the "Xueqiu Three-Point Method," which aims to help ordinary investors manage risks and enhance returns through diversified investment strategies [2][3][4] Group 1: Asset Diversification - Investors should avoid concentrating their funds in a single type of fund, similar to how a balanced diet includes various food groups [2] - Suggested asset allocation ratios include aggressive investors at 5:3:2 and conservative investors at 3:5:2, allowing for risk mitigation even if one asset class declines [2] Group 2: Market Diversification - Investors are encouraged to look beyond the A-share market and consider global markets to reduce risks associated with a single market downturn [3] - Utilizing ETFs like the Nasdaq Index ETF or S&P 500 Index ETF can help investors spread their investments across different regions, providing a buffer during local market adjustments [3] Group 3: Timing Diversification - The article advocates for dollar-cost averaging through regular investments, which helps avoid the pitfalls of trying to time the market [4] - By consistently investing a fixed amount regardless of market conditions, investors can average their costs over time, reducing the impact of volatility [4] Group 4: Overall Investment Philosophy - The "Xueqiu Three-Point Method" emphasizes building a risk-resistant investment framework rather than seeking quick profits [4] - This approach is designed for ordinary investors who may lack the resources or expertise to engage in active trading, promoting a long-term investment mindset [4]

Core Viewpoint - Investment is a competitive game where only a few can truly profit, and most participants are at a disadvantage compared to the most skilled and resourceful investors [2][3][4]. Group 1: Asset Allocation Strategy - Personal investors can achieve success through an all-weather asset allocation strategy proposed by Ray Dalio, which allows for profit across various market conditions despite volatility [5][6]. - Different asset classes respond differently to economic growth and inflation, with stocks and commodities performing well in certain conditions, while bonds and gold excel in others [6][8]. - The correlation between different asset classes is low, which supports the concept of "anti-fragility" in investment, allowing for diversification to mitigate risks [9]. Group 2: Importance of Reducing Volatility - The concept of reducing volatility through diversified asset allocation is crucial, as relying on a single asset class can lead to significant losses during market downturns [10][11]. - Historical performance shows that maintaining a diversified portfolio can smooth out returns and provide more consistent performance over time [12]. Group 3: All-Weather Portfolio Implementation - A recommended all-weather portfolio consists of 20% stocks, 15% gold, 15% commodities, and 50% long-term bonds, aiming for an annualized return of around 10% with lower volatility [13]. - Historical data from 2005 to 2025 illustrates the performance of this all-weather portfolio compared to individual asset classes, highlighting its resilience during market fluctuations [14]. Group 4: Conclusion - The key to successful investing lies in acknowledging one's limitations and leveraging systematic strategies to outperform the majority of professional investors [15].

Group 1 - The traditional view suggests that individuals should adjust their investment strategy from stocks to bonds as they age, with a focus on capital preservation in retirement [5][6] - This conventional wisdom is challenged by recent research indicating that maintaining a high allocation to stocks throughout one's life may be more beneficial [8][9] - The study found that an optimal investment portfolio could consist of nearly 100% stocks, with a significant portion in international equities, while bonds could be minimized [9][10] Group 2 - The long-term returns on bonds are relatively low and susceptible to inflation, undermining the perceived safety of bonds over extended periods [10] - Surprisingly, a portfolio with nearly all stocks has a lower probability of running out of money in retirement compared to the traditional 60% stocks and 40% bonds strategy, with a bankruptcy probability of only 6.7% [10] - The research emphasizes that the real risk lies not in stock investments but in withdrawal strategies during market downturns, suggesting alternative methods for managing withdrawals to preserve capital [12][13] Group 3 - The study proposes that retirees should consider keeping several years' worth of living expenses in cash or money market funds to avoid selling stocks at a loss during market declines [12] - Dynamic withdrawal strategies, which adjust the amount withdrawn based on current asset values, can help sustain funds over the long term [12][13] - While the research presents a compelling case for a stock-heavy portfolio, it also highlights the importance of having a diversified investment approach to provide flexibility and security in extreme market conditions [14]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that investment is based on future expectations, while valuation is a retrospective indicator, making investment decisions based solely on valuation highly limited [3]. Group 1: Valuation and Index Performance - Comparing valuation growth with index growth provides significant insights into the health of index increases and whether they are driven by earnings or valuation [4][5]. - If valuation growth closely matches index growth, the increase is primarily driven by valuation rather than earnings [6]. - A situation where valuation growth exceeds index growth indicates that the index's rise is entirely driven by valuation, often accompanied by negative earnings growth [6][7]. - Conversely, if valuation growth is smaller than index growth, the increase is primarily driven by earnings, which is considered a healthier and more sustainable rise [7]. Group 2: Recent Index Performance Analysis - Since September 24 of the previous year, major A-share indices have seen increases primarily driven by valuation growth, with significant contributions from indices like the Dividend Low Volatility and the CSI 500, where valuation growth greatly exceeded index growth [9][10]. - In contrast, the Hang Seng Technology and China Internet 50 indices have experienced increases primarily driven by earnings growth, with minimal valuation changes [10][11]. Group 3: Phase-by-Phase Index Performance - An analysis of index performance from September 24 to April 30 shows that A-share indices like the CSI 500 and Dividend Low Volatility were entirely driven by valuation growth, with earnings showing negative growth [12][14]. - From April 30 to August 29, A-share indices continued to see increases primarily driven by valuation growth, while the Hang Seng Technology indices experienced increases largely driven by earnings [17][19]. Group 4: Investment Viability - A review of the health of index increases and historical valuation percentiles indicates that most A-share indices are at high valuation levels, suggesting that further investment may not be supported by retrospective indicators [21][22]. - In contrast, the Hang Seng Technology and China Internet 50 indices are at significantly undervalued positions, indicating better investment potential due to their earnings-driven growth [23][24]. - The S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100 indices are at high valuation levels, with recent performance primarily driven by valuation rather than earnings, raising concerns about the sustainability of their growth [25][26].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the establishment of a bull market in A-shares, characterizing it as a "slow bull" driven by structural improvements in the economy and long-term capital inflows [2][6]. Historical Bull Markets - The article reviews past bull markets in A-shares: - 1999-2001: A leveraged bull market followed by adjustments, driven by speculative trading and lessons learned [4]. - 2005-2007: A comprehensive bull market supported by institutional reforms and macroeconomic prosperity, with blue-chip stocks leading the rally [4]. - 2008-2009: A fundamental bull market driven by economic recovery post-global financial crisis, led by cyclical industries [4]. - 2014-2015: A liquidity-driven bull market characterized by high expectations for reforms but lacking fundamental support, leading to significant corrections [5]. Current Bull Market Characteristics - The current bull market is described as a "systematic slow bull" due to several factors: - The macroeconomic environment has changed, with a focus on structural improvements rather than rapid stimulus [6]. - The nature of capital has shifted from speculative to long-term investments, with state-owned and institutional investors providing stability [7]. - There is a significant reallocation of household assets, with a large amount of savings seeking new investment avenues, particularly in the stock market [7]. - Ongoing industrial upgrades are evident, with advancements in AI, innovative pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy sectors contributing to economic growth [8]. Investment Directions - The article identifies two main investment directions: - **Hardcore High Technology**: Focus on new economy sectors such as AI, innovative pharmaceuticals, robotics, renewable energy, and semiconductors, which are expected to be core assets for the next decade [11]. - **Super High Dividends**: Investment in traditional sectors like finance, machinery, and cyclical industries, which have potential for valuation recovery as long as the economy remains stable [12]. - The overall market logic suggests a "systematic bull market" driven by China's rise and advantages, emphasizing the importance of finding personal wealth opportunities within this "slow bull" environment [12].