文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 今天大盘整体上涨，截止到收盘，还在4.1星。 距离4.0星也不远了。 大中小盘股都上涨。大中盘股上涨略多一些。 螺丝钉也汇总了红利类品种的估值，供参考，见文章下方图片。 成长风格上涨多一些。 科创50、创业板领涨。 价值风格今天也上涨。 自由现金流、港股红利等上涨。 港股今天下跌。 港股科技、港股医药等指数波动比较大。 港股指数，假期里也出现了波动。 今天港股类基金会把假期里的波动+9日当天的波动一起更新。 所以含有港股的一些基金，今天会低迷一些。组合里也含有港股，也会受影响。不过今年以来港股整体涨幅还是比A股多不少。 港股最近也回到了3.5-3.6星上下。 随着上涨，低估的股票基金数量也逐渐减少。 也有朋友问，不同星级该买什么基金品种呢？ 1. 5星级 是股票基金投资价值最高的阶段。 例如主动优选、指数增强，在5点几星，投资价值是最高的。 当然，也是投资者对股票基金最缺少信心的阶段。 在5点几星，不管是定投还是加仓，都需要勇气。 2. 4星级 在4点几星，随着上涨，一些股票基金逐渐回到正常估值。 低估品种也逐渐减少。 每一轮从熊市底部上涨，领涨的品种会有区别。 例如2 ...

大家好，我是银行螺丝钉，欢迎来到这期的螺丝钉带你读书。 「螺丝钉带你读书」也陪伴大家度过了三百多期，为大家讲解了很多有趣、经典的书籍和故事，比如《三十几岁，财务自由》、《如何读一本 书》、《战胜拖延症》等等。 还为大家详细介绍了几位投资大师：股神巴菲特、他的好搭档查理芒格和指数基金之父约翰博格。分享了他们的人生经历、投资生涯和投资的理 念。 大家可以点击下面链接查看部分螺丝钉带你读书合集： 《 世界读书日，螺丝钉送你121本私藏经典好书 》 往期回顾 第一篇：《 股神的价值投资策略，在A股也有效吗？ 》 第二篇：《 巴菲特价值投资的三次演化：从"捡烟蒂"到买优秀公司 》 第三篇：《 学会估值，轻松投资：普通投资者也能学会的实用估值方法 》 三种股债资产配置策略 这几期螺丝钉带你读书，介绍的，是价值投资经典书籍，《证券分析》。 前几篇，咱们介绍了，价值投资在过去百年的演化，以及价值投资中，很重要的估值方法。 不过在投资的时候，并不是每个阶段，都会有低估买入的机会。 例如在牛市里，低估的股票资产会越来越少。 没有低估机会，资金放在哪里？ 高估止盈出来的钱，放在哪里？ 资金规模。 估值配置策略 第一种，是格雷厄姆和 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of asset allocation strategies, particularly focusing on "rebalancing" to manage risks and enhance returns in investment portfolios [3][4]. Group 1: Rebalancing Strategy - The concept of rebalancing involves adjusting the proportions of stocks and bonds in a portfolio based on market movements. For instance, if stocks drop below 40% of the portfolio, selling some bonds to buy more stocks is advisable. Conversely, if stocks exceed 40%, selling some stocks to increase bond holdings is recommended [3]. - This rebalancing strategy can provide additional returns and reduce risks, effectively acting as a "free lunch" in investment [3]. Group 2: Asset Allocation Strategies - The article discusses the "All Weather" strategy, exemplified by Bridgewater Associates, which diversifies investments across various asset classes such as stocks, bonds, real estate, and commodities. This strategy aims to ensure that these assets do not move in the same direction simultaneously [5][6][7]. - The effectiveness of such strategies is also noted in the A-share market, indicating their broader applicability [8]. Group 3: Black Swan Theory - The article references Nassim Nicholas Taleb's "Black Swan" theory, which highlights unpredictable risks that can have significant impacts. Taleb advocates for a "barbell strategy," where the majority of investments are in safe assets like government bonds, while a small portion is allocated to high-risk options [9][10]. - This approach allows investors to earn stable returns from safe assets while being positioned to benefit significantly if a "Black Swan" event occurs, thus acting as a risk mitigation strategy [11]. Group 4: Global Adoption - The strategies discussed are widely adopted by investors globally, showcasing their relevance and effectiveness in various market conditions [12].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the performance of various investment styles and indices, highlighting the low valuation and overall underperformance in the consumer sector, particularly in the beverage industry, due to weak consumption fundamentals [4][5]. Group 1: Quality Indices - The quality index, which selects stocks with high ROE, was one of the best-performing indices during the bull market of 2020-2021, but subsequently faced low performance due to high valuations in 2021 [6]. - As of mid-August 2025, the quality index has seen slight growth, but company earnings have increased without a significant rise in valuations [6]. Group 2: Dividend Indices - The dividend index has shown average growth since 2025, but the increase has been modest [7]. - Dividend stocks tend to perform better during bear markets, while they lagged behind the market during the bull market from 2019 to 2021 [8]. - As of 2025, the dividend index has slightly increased, with company earnings growing, leading to a decrease in index valuations [8]. Group 3: Free Cash Flow Indices - The free cash flow index, introduced in 2025, selects stocks with high free cash flow rates and has seen slight growth from the beginning of the year to mid-August [9]. - Similar to dividend stocks, free cash flow stocks are more advantageous in bear markets, with performance expected to strengthen after the end of the small-cap and growth style rally [9]. Group 4: Fixed Income Plus - The "Fixed Income Plus" strategy, which includes value-style stocks like dividends and low volatility, has performed well since 2025, reaching historical highs, although valuations have not improved significantly [12]. - The stock portion of this strategy has seen slight increases, with company earnings growing but valuations remaining relatively stable [12]. - The bond portion has been underwhelming, with mid-term pure bonds showing lower valuations compared to the beginning of the year [12]. Group 5: Market Participation Strategies - Value styles and fixed income strategies exhibit lower volatility, making them suitable for investors concerned about market fluctuations [13]. - Historical data shows that after bull markets, small-cap and growth styles experience significant volatility, while value styles and fixed income strategies maintain relative stability [13].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the differences in risk and reward between fund managers and ordinary investors, highlighting that while fund managers may benefit from aggressive strategies, ordinary investors should focus on absolute returns to avoid long-term losses that could impact their purchasing power [3][5]. Group 1 - Ordinary investors take on greater risks without guaranteed rewards, unlike fund managers who can see significant performance boosts and income increases from aggressive strategies [3]. - Fund managers prioritize relative returns, aiming to outperform other funds, while ordinary investors should focus on absolute returns to ensure profitability [4][5]. - The article advocates for investing during undervalued phases to minimize losses, suggesting that even in a rising market, investors should consider fixed-income products to balance their portfolios [6]. Group 2 - The article mentions various investment advisory combinations available, including index enhancement and active selection, designed to simplify investment for individuals [7].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the concept of "missing out" on market gains, emphasizing that for ordinary investors, missing out is not a risk, while losing money is the real concern [2][10]. Group 1: Fund Managers' Perspective - For fund managers, missing out on market gains poses a significant risk, as it can lead to underperformance compared to the market, resulting in investor dissatisfaction and a substantial decrease in fund size [4][6]. - A decline in fund size directly impacts the management fees collected by fund companies, leading to reduced revenue [5]. - To mitigate this risk, many fund managers opt to maintain a high stock allocation consistently, aiming for excess returns through careful stock selection [7][8]. Group 2: Ordinary Investors' Perspective - Ordinary investors face different circumstances; they do not receive rewards for taking on greater risks, and aggressive investment strategies do not guarantee higher returns [11][14]. - Ordinary investors often need to liquidate assets for cash flow to meet living expenses, which can be problematic during market downturns [15][16]. - Unlike fund managers, who focus on relative performance against other funds, ordinary investors should prioritize absolute returns to ensure each investment is profitable and does not negatively impact their purchasing power [20][17]. Group 3: Investment Strategy - The article emphasizes the importance of investing during undervalued market phases to minimize potential losses [21][23]. - It highlights that purchasing high-quality assets at lower valuations can lead to higher long-term returns while reducing risk [22][23]. - As of August 12, 2025, the market is still considered relatively cheap, presenting an opportunity for investors to accumulate quality assets [26].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the concept of "safe havens" in investment, emphasizing strategies to reduce portfolio risk while maintaining returns, particularly during market volatility [3][4][12]. Group 1: Safe Haven Theory - The "safe haven" theory suggests that there are methods to lower risk without sacrificing returns, contrary to traditional financial theories that posit a direct relationship between risk and return [4]. - The book "Safe Haven" introduces strategies to mitigate overall investment portfolio risk, aiming for stability during significant market fluctuations [12]. Group 2: Types of Safe Haven Strategies - Three main strategies for achieving safe havens are identified: 1. **Diversified Allocation + Rebalancing**: This strategy involves a mix of 40% stocks and 60% bonds, where bonds act as a buffer during stock market downturns [15][17]. 2. **Utilizing Negative Correlation Among Assets**: This approach, exemplified by Bridgewater's All Weather strategy, diversifies across various asset classes to ensure that not all assets move in the same direction [21][22]. 3. **Barbell Strategy**: Proposed by Nassim Taleb, this strategy allocates most capital to safe assets like government bonds while a small portion is invested in high-risk options, preparing for unpredictable market events [29][32]. Group 3: Comparison of Strategies - All three strategies serve as effective "safe havens" during financial crises, significantly reducing risk exposure for investors [40]. - The Barbell strategy requires a higher level of investor sophistication due to its use of derivatives, while the other two strategies are more accessible and widely adopted [42][43].