以下文章来源于微积分量化价投 ，作者微积分量化价投 微积分量化价投 . 专业，全面，深度，客观的研究，传递投资价值 ↑点击上面图片 加雪球核心交流群 ↑ 风险提示：本文所提到的观点仅代表个人的意见，所涉及标的不作推荐，据此买卖，风险自负。 作者：微积分量化价投 来源：雪球 "多元配置策略组合，需要择时吗？" 这句看似简单的提问，背后承载着每一位投资者都曾经历的内心交战：一边是市场波动带来的恐惧，想"落袋为安"；另一边是对踏空的焦虑， 想"再多赚一点"。对于股票这类高弹性资产，这种情绪尤为普遍。 但当我们面对一个已经通过资产配置降低了波动的"多元资产组合"时，问题似乎变得更加复杂：我们是否还需要用"择时"这把手术刀，对这个本已 相对稳健的系统进行干预？ 今天，我们不谈复杂的模型，不给"万能公式"，只想和你一起，像一位老朋友那样，拨开"择时"的迷雾，探寻其背后的投资哲学。 战略上的思考 一、颠覆认知：择时不谈对错，只论匹配 在我们深入之前，必须建立一个核心认知： 择时，本质上不是一个"是非题"，而是一个"匹配题" 。它考验的，是"资产的性格"与"投资者的能 力"这两者之间，能否达成和谐的统一。 1. 先看资产的" ...

Group 1 - The article discusses the concept of "rebalancing" as a strategy to manage investment portfolios, emphasizing its effectiveness in achieving "buy low, sell high" without the need for precise market timing [6][12][40] - Rebalancing is most effective when the assets in a portfolio have similar long-term returns but exhibit significant short-term volatility, allowing for better profit-taking opportunities [13][14][23] - The article presents empirical data showing that rebalancing can enhance returns, particularly in combinations like "A-shares & cash" and "A-shares & bonds," where annualized returns differ by no more than 3% over the past decade [23][26] Group 2 - The analysis indicates that rebalancing may not always be beneficial, especially in scenarios where asset classes have significantly different long-term returns, as it can limit exposure to high-performing assets [29][30][36] - The article highlights that the primary value of rebalancing lies in risk management rather than solely in return enhancement, helping to maintain a portfolio's risk profile within acceptable limits [43][44] - It emphasizes the importance of having a clear initial asset allocation strategy to maximize the benefits of rebalancing, ensuring that it serves its intended purpose of stabilizing the investment approach [43][44]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the limitations of market timing in investment strategies, emphasizing that long-term asset allocation is more critical for achieving investment success than attempting to time the market [3][16]. Group 1: Market Timing Analysis - Peter Lynch's analysis from 1965 to 1995 shows that even with perfect timing, the difference in annualized returns between the best and worst timing investors is minimal, with only a 1.1% difference [4][6]. - In the Chinese A-share market, from 2005 to 2024, the annualized return for the worst timing investor is 3.71%, while the best timing investor achieves 7.82%, indicating a 4.11% difference in a more volatile market [9][10]. - The costs associated with active management in China are approximately 2.2% annually, which can diminish the perceived benefits of market timing [12][15]. Group 2: Asset Allocation vs. Market Timing - Research by Brinson, Hood, and Beebower indicates that 91.5% of investment returns are determined by asset allocation, far exceeding the impact of market timing and stock selection [18]. - Asset allocation is defined as a long-term strategy (5-10 years) that involves creating a diversified portfolio based on risk-return objectives, while market timing is a short-term strategy focused on buying low and selling high [20][21]. - Tactical asset allocation can enhance returns during market cycles but should be a disciplined adjustment around a strategic asset allocation framework [23]. Group 3: Costs of Market Timing - The article highlights that market timing is a probability game that can lead to significant costs, including missing out on market rebounds and compounding returns [25][29]. - A hypothetical scenario illustrates that even with a 70% success rate in timing, the actual benefits may be negligible when considering transaction costs and the risk of missing out on bull markets [30][31]. - The importance of being invested during market opportunities is emphasized, as asset allocation allows investors to remain engaged in the market without the need for precise predictions [31].

Core Viewpoint - Guohai Liangshi Asset Management has achieved outstanding performance, winning the top positions in both "stock strategy" and "multi-asset strategy" for the first half of the year, indicating its unique strengths and capabilities in the asset management industry [2]. Group 1: Company Overview - Guohai Liangshi Futures was established in 1996 and is headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. It is controlled by Guohai Securities and has a significant stake from Zhejiang Grain Group. The company obtained asset management qualifications in 2014 and has developed a distinctive path in asset management focused on large asset allocation and futures derivatives investment [7][8]. - The company emphasizes wealth management as one of its two strategic focuses, aiming to enhance its core competitiveness through innovative asset management practices [7]. Group 2: Team and Expertise - The asset management team is highly stable and consists of professionals with extensive experience across research, investment, marketing, and private equity. Key members have over ten years of experience in the industry [8]. - The team is well-educated, with members graduating from prestigious institutions such as Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, and New York University [8]. Group 3: Unique Strategic Framework - Guohai Liangshi employs a distinctive "321" strategic framework, which sets it apart in the asset management industry. This framework emphasizes three unique advantages of futures companies, two differentiated features, and one core value proposition [9][10]. - The three advantages include a top-down research logic, a cross-asset allocation perspective, and deep expertise in futures and derivatives [10]. Group 4: Investment System - The investment system is built on three pillars: allocation, timing, and hedging, which work together to safeguard investment portfolios [11]. - Allocation focuses on optimizing the overall risk-return profile by selecting assets with different return sources and volatility characteristics [12]. - Timing aims to enhance return potential by dynamically adjusting asset weights based on market conditions [13]. - Hedging employs various tools to manage downside risks and smooth out return curves [14]. Group 5: Core Investment Philosophies - The company has distilled three core investment philosophies based on behavioral finance and long-term practice: embracing uncertainty, understanding asymmetrical profit-loss ratios, and tail protection [15][16][17]. - These philosophies guide the company in constructing resilient portfolios that can adapt to various market environments while minimizing critical errors [18]. Group 6: Asset Strategy - Guohai Liangshi's multi-asset strategy focuses on large asset allocation and leverages futures derivatives to enhance returns while managing risks [19]. - The strategy encompasses equities, bonds, and commodities, with a focus on factor-based equity positions and derivatives trading [20]. Group 7: Commitment to Investor Experience - The company is dedicated to creating a positive investment experience for its clients by implementing its "allocation, timing, hedging" investment system and utilizing futures tools to empower large asset allocation [21].

Group 1 - The market has shown a continued upward trend, with the CSI 300 index increasing by 1.69%, the Shanghai Composite Index by 1.67%, and the CSI 500 index by 3.28% over the past week [3] - The steel sector has been highlighted as a leading performer, with a weekly increase and a cumulative excess return of over 11% since July [3][5] - The recent infrastructure projects, such as the Yarlung Tsangpo River hydropower project, have sparked positive expectations regarding the economic cycle, reminiscent of the 2008 stimulus measures [4][5] Group 2 - The market is currently experiencing a shift from institutional investment to retail trading, leading to increased volatility in the short term [5] - The recommendation is to maintain a high position in both the main board and small-cap sectors, while being prepared for potential adjustments in the future [6] - The current market dynamics suggest that the core driving variable for A-shares remains the liquidity situation, rather than just fundamental improvements [6]

Summary of Conference Call Notes Company/Industry Involved - The discussion revolves around investment strategies, particularly focusing on market timing (择时) and stock selection (择券) within the investment banking sector. Core Points and Arguments 1. **Market Unpredictability**: The market is often unpredictable, and it is emphasized that investors should avoid guessing market movements. The speaker suggests that most of the time, the market behaves randomly, with a 50/50 chance of gains or losses [1][2][3]. 2. **Importance of Signal Points**: There are specific times in the year where clear signals can be identified, which differ from the usual random market behavior. These signal points are crucial for making decisive investment decisions [2][4]. 3. **Current Market Indicators**: The current market indicators are described as being around 0.35, which is considered neither high nor low. This indicates a neutral market environment where significant movements are not expected [3][4]. 4. **Communication with Clients**: The speaker stresses the importance of clear communication with clients, especially in a market that is not showing clear trends. Investors should express their strategies and the reasoning behind them effectively [5][6]. 5. **Investment Strategy**: The speaker suggests that during neutral market phases, investors should focus on stock selection strategies rather than making aggressive moves. It is recommended to maintain a balanced portfolio and adjust positions based on market conditions [7][8]. 6. **Performance Metrics**: The speaker mentions that their investment strategy has yielded a 64.7% success rate compared to the market's 74.7%. This highlights the importance of not overestimating one's ability to predict market movements [9][10]. 7. **Risk Management**: Emphasis is placed on the need for a clear risk management strategy, particularly for high-priced stocks. Investors should establish stop-loss levels to mitigate potential losses [12][13]. 8. **Diversification**: The speaker advocates for diversification across different technical patterns and sectors to reduce risk. This includes balancing between cyclical and technology stocks [15][16]. 9. **Mindset and Randomness**: Acknowledgment of the inherent randomness in the market is crucial. Investors should maintain a healthy mindset and not become overly stressed by market fluctuations [17]. Other Important but Overlooked Content - The discussion touches on the psychological aspects of investing, where investors may struggle with accepting uncertain market conditions. The speaker encourages a focus on strategy rather than emotional responses to market changes [5][17]. - The need for a structured approach to changing investment strategies is highlighted, suggesting that frequent adjustments may not be beneficial for larger funds [11]. This summary encapsulates the key insights and recommendations from the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview of the current investment landscape and strategies.

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of asset allocation in investment decisions, suggesting that approximately 90% of investment returns come from successful asset allocation rather than individual stock selection or timing the market [1][3]. - The article highlights that the market is unpredictable, and there are no permanently profitable assets or effective investment strategies, reinforcing the notion that proper asset allocation can help navigate through different market cycles [3][4]. - Asset allocation is defined as the process of distributing investment funds across various asset classes based on individual investment goals, risk tolerance, investment horizon, and market conditions, rather than merely diversifying investments [5].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that asset allocation is a personal expression of one's understanding of the world, risk perception, and life goals, rather than merely a numerical game [2][4][5]. Group 1: Investment Tools and Strategies - Investors can utilize three main investment tools: asset allocation, stock selection, and market timing, with asset allocation accounting for over 90% of the volatility in institutional portfolio returns [2]. - Different investment strategies reflect individual preferences and risk tolerance, leading to diverse asset allocation choices among investors [3][4]. Group 2: Personalization of Investment Portfolios - Investment portfolios serve as a reflection of an individual's values and future aspirations, with choices influenced by personal experiences and environmental factors [3][5]. - The article highlights that there is no absolute right or wrong in investment choices, as they are based on different cognitive frameworks and risk perceptions [4]. Group 3: The Role of External Opinions - Investors often face pressure from external opinions, which can lead to unnecessary adjustments in their portfolios; successful investing relies on deep insights and steadfast beliefs rather than frequent trading [3]. - The article suggests that maintaining a clear understanding of one's investment philosophy can reduce the impact of external criticism [5]. Group 4: The Snowball Three-Factor Method - The Snowball Three-Factor Method promotes long-term investment through diversification across assets, markets, and timing, aiming for diversified sources of returns and risk mitigation [6].

在重挫的交易日里，主动权益类产品若能保持清仓甚至空仓，基民或将十分"庆幸"，而灵活配置基金的 合同规定则赋予此类产品更加收放自如的仓位控制，个别产品凭借着较小的规模在年内数次行情转换中 择时得当，取得了不错的超额收益。 虽然长期投资在公募行业被奉为圭臬，但"择时之辩"依旧是横亘在投资端经久不衰的话题。极少数基金经 理坦承自己愿意通过择时平滑净值曲线，有公募人士坦承"择时是很困难的事情"，对基金经理的能力要求 较高，而且会受制于产品类型的约束。且择时需要快进快出，对持仓个股亦有流动性要求。 "老基金"空仓躲过大跌 4月7日A股巨震，在2900余只个股跌停的背景下，多只主动权益类产品跌幅超过10%，仅有20余只基金 业绩收正，而益民服务领先盘后披露的净值让基民"虚惊一场"，该基金当日净值变化为0，成功"躲过"大 跌。 从净值曲线来看，年内，益民服务领先这只产品显然在仓位控制上做了斟酌——截至去年末，该基金股票 仓位仅有0.89%，但从年初开始，随着行情升温，该基金亦同步拉升，涨幅一度高达近20%，这意味着基 金经理在一季度内迅速将仓位抬升到高位。 但在3月末至4月7日大跌当日，基金的净值曲线拉成一条直线，基金经理 ...

在连续二十几期的情绪观察之后，不知道读者是什么体会，我自己总结了一下主要是以下几点： 因此，比较稳妥的策略是： 关于情绪指标的延伸阅读： 关于动量指标的延伸阅读： 《 RSR（RSV、RPS）和趋势模板的背景含义 》 市场的日常是非理性的，因此会有波动起伏；市场又是很理性的，因为非理性终究要回归。 所谓循环和规律，只是对历史数据的统计归纳，如果生搬硬套必然犯刻舟求剑的毛病。总结用归纳法，实战用演绎法。交易演绎法，不是用归纳得到的经 验去求必然因果，而是不断评估大局和局部的胜率和赔率，更新自己的对策，西洋学说称之为贝叶斯主义。 择时的本质是情绪管理。 市场起伏在统计学上有迹可循，始终循环，但不简单重复； 方向可以预期，但无法准确预测，尤其无法预测涨跌幅度； 大多数周期，回撤比上涨要快，也即浮盈很容易变成浮亏； 胜率在情绪爬升期，赔率在情绪冰点，情绪高温区二率皆输； 动量背离是情绪反转前兆，动量的本源就是情绪; 情绪的最小张力单元就是TR，向上或者向下突破TR预示情绪反转； 1. 冰点抓胜率和赔率双赢，极端超卖区域的快速反弹； 2. 40周期情绪爬升过程中，抓更短周期的情绪回落点的胜率（埃尔德的三重滤网）； 3. ...