Group 1 - President Trump's recent national address aimed to commemorate his return to the White House and alleviate voter concerns over rising prices, despite the current inflation rate being lower than its pandemic peak [1][3] - The U.S. unemployment rate rose to 4.6% in November, the highest level in over four years, indicating a worrying slowdown in the job market [1] - A recent poll indicated that only 33% of American adults approve of Trump's economic policies, marking a significant decline in public support [3] Group 2 - The U.S. national debt surpassed $38 trillion, raising concerns about fiscal sustainability and the government's ability to manage its financial obligations [5] - BlackRock has downgraded its investment rating for long-term U.S. government bonds from "neutral" to "underweight," citing concerns over rising borrowing costs and government debt [7] - China's recent economic policies, including a more proactive fiscal approach and the establishment of the Hainan Free Trade Port, aim to enhance international trade and economic stability amid global uncertainties [10][13]

自2024年3月日本央行决定结束负利率政策、将政策利率从负0.1%提高到0至0.1%区间以来，日本 央行在行长植田和男执掌下致力于探索货币政策正常化。2024年7月和今年1月，日本央行两度加息。 新华社东京12月19日电（记者刘春燕）日本央行19日在结束为期两天的货币政策会议后决定，将政 策利率从0.5%上调至0.75%水平。日本政策利率由此达到30年来最高水平。 日本政策利率自1995年9月调降至0.5%后，货币政策长期保持宽松，甚至长期实施负利率政策。本 次加息是日本政策利率30年来首次突破0.5%。 由于日本首相高市早苗力推积极财政政策引发市场对日本财政恶化的忧虑，日本债券市场各种期限 的长期国债普遍遭投资者抛售，长期国债价格一跌再跌，收益率不断上扬，作为长期利率指标的新发10 年期国债收益率逼近2%。在通胀持续、日本实际利率持续为负背景下，投资者对日本央行加息预期不 断上升。（完） ...

新华财经东京12月19日电 日本央行19日在结束为期两天的货币政策会议后决定，将政策利率从0.5%上 调至0.75%水平。日本政策利率由此达到30年来的最高水平。 日本政策利率自1995年9月调降至0.5%后，货币政策长期保持宽松，甚至长期实施负利率政策。本次加 息是日本政策利率30年来首次突破0.5%瓶颈。 （文章来源：新华财经） 自2024年3月日本央行决定结束负利率政策、将政策利率从负0.1%提高到0至0.1%区间以来，日本央行 在行长植田和男的领导下一直致力于探索货币政策正常化。当年7月和今年1月，日本央行曾两度加息。 由于日本首相高市早苗力推积极财政政策引发市场对日本财政恶化的忧虑，日本债券市场各种期限的长 期国债普遍遭到投资者抛售，长债价格一跌再跌、收益率不断上扬，作为长期利率指标的新发10年期国 债收益率逼近2%。在通胀持续、日本实际利率持续为负背景下，投资者对日本央行加息预期不断上 升。 ...

新华财经东京12月19日电 日本总务省19日公布的报告显示，今年11月日本去除生鲜食品后的核心消费 价格指数（CPI）同比上升3.0%至112.5，连续51个月同比上升。 数据显示，11月日本核心CPI同比升幅与上月持平，环比升幅为0.3%，略低于上月的0.4%。导致11月物 价继续上涨的最主要原因是食品，包括谷物、点心、预制食品、在外就餐、饮料、肉类、奶蛋类食品等 在内，与消费者餐桌相关的食品全面涨价。其中咖啡豆价格同比涨幅仍高达51.6%，普通粳米价格由于 去年价格高企，今年同比涨幅有所回落，但依然高达37.0%。此外，房屋修缮、电费、汽车相关费用、 通信费、酒店住宿等价格均呈现同比上涨。 由于日本首相高市早苗坚持积极财政政策加剧日元贬值，此间媒体和专家普遍忧虑其政策将进一步推动 日本物价上涨。 （文章来源：新华财经） ...

Core Insights - Japan's core Consumer Price Index (CPI), excluding fresh food, rose by 3.0% year-on-year to 112.5 in November, marking the 51st consecutive month of year-on-year increases [1] - The year-on-year increase in November's core CPI remained stable compared to the previous month, while the month-on-month increase was 0.3%, slightly lower than the 0.4% recorded in the prior month [1] Price Drivers - The primary driver of the price increase in November was food, with significant price hikes observed in grains, snacks, prepared foods, dining out, beverages, meat, and dairy products [1] - Coffee bean prices surged by 51.6% year-on-year, while the price of ordinary japonica rice saw a year-on-year increase of 37.0%, although this was a decrease from last year's high levels [1] - Other categories such as housing repairs, electricity, automotive-related expenses, communication fees, and hotel accommodations also experienced year-on-year price increases [1] Economic Policy Impact - Concerns have been raised by media and experts regarding Prime Minister Suga Yoshihide's commitment to an active fiscal policy, which is exacerbating the depreciation of the yen and potentially leading to further inflation in Japan [1]

Macro Research - The growth rate of narrow public budget revenue in China has slowed down, with a year-on-year increase of only 0.8% from January to November 2025, and the growth rate in November was flat compared to the same period in 2024 [1] - Narrow public budget expenditure increased by 1.4% year-on-year from January to November 2025, with a decrease of 3.7% in November compared to the previous month, indicating a narrowing of the decline [2] - Government fund budget revenue decreased by 4.9% year-on-year from January to November 2025, with a significant drop of 15.8% in November, primarily due to the adjustment in the real estate market [3] Company Research: AVIC Avionics (中航机载) - AVIC Avionics plans to acquire a 59.1816% stake in Hangtou Yuhua for 202 million yuan, aiming to enhance its industrial chain layout and strengthen synergy [7] - The company reported a slight revenue increase of 1.25% to 16.774 billion yuan in the first three quarters of 2025, although net profit declined by 17.73% due to credit impairment losses [8] - The acquisition is expected to complement the industrial chain, with the five target companies each possessing unique technical expertise, which will help AVIC Avionics strengthen its collaborative capabilities and foster new growth points [7] Industry Research: Cultural Communication Industry - The IP food industry in China is rapidly growing, with the market size expected to increase from 18.1 billion yuan in 2020 to 35.4 billion yuan by 2024, representing a CAGR of 18.2% [10] - The IP fun food segment, which combines food with collectible items, is projected to grow from 5.6 billion yuan in 2020 to 11.5 billion yuan in 2024, with a CAGR of 19.6% [10] - The core competitiveness in the IP fun food market lies in supply chain management and IP operation, as the differentiation of snack products is low, making cost control crucial [11] Company Research: Three Gorges Tourism (三峡旅游) - Three Gorges Tourism is expected to benefit from the planned construction of four inter-provincial vacation cruise ships, which will enhance overall customer spending and profit levels [27] - The company reported a 20.2% year-on-year increase in comprehensive tourism business revenue to 286 million yuan in the first half of 2025, with a record high of 1.2525 million cruise passengers [28] - The inter-provincial cruise project is anticipated to provide a new growth driver, with the first two ships expected to be operational by June and December 2026 [29]

强化"投资于人"、坚持内需主导、经济转型持续推进 本报记者 孟珂 2025年，我国经济顶压前行、向新向优发展。党的二十届四中全会和中央经济工作会议召开，为推动高质量发展注入强大 动力。在此背景下，如何看待当前中国经济形势，2026年我国经济又将有哪些核心增长点？《证券日报》采访了八大首席经济 学家进行深入解读。 2025年经济韧性凸显 12月份以来，多家国际机构上调中国经济增速预期，如IMF（国际货币基金组织）预计2025年中国经济增速为5%，较10月 份预测上调0.2个百分点。世界银行预测为4.9%，较6月份预测上调0.4个百分点。 招商基金研究部首席经济学家李湛表示，2026年，财政赤字率预计在4.0%至4.2%之间，赤字规模或较2025年温和增加，专 项债额度可能提升至4.5万亿元至4.7万亿元。超长期特别国债延续发行，规模有望在1.5万亿元至1.7万亿元，继续支持"两重"建 设、城市更新与战略性新兴产业布局。广义财政赤字率可能略抬升至9%左右。 中信建投首席经济学家黄文涛表示，2026年赤字率保持不低于4%，广义口径或抬升至8.8%左右，支出端进一步强化"投资 于人"的领域。 分析原因，温彬表示，考虑 ...

本报（chinatimes.net.cn）记者张智 北京报道 2025年11月，我国财政收支数据有不同幅度的转弱，呈现出收入增速回落、支出降幅收窄的运行态势。 财政部17日发布数据显示，今年1—11月，全国一般公共预算收入200516亿元，同比增长0.8%，与1— 10月增速持平，其中，全国税收收入164814亿元，同比增长1.8%；11月财政收入1.4万亿元，持平于 2024年同期，增速边际回落。 "从主要分项看，在基数抬升的情况下，个人所得税、增值税收入仍有不错表现。不过，企业所得税收 入受到较大扰动，同比增速转负。此外，消费税收入增速有所回落，出口退税收入降幅明显。考虑到下 半年房地产需求调整，经济增长的内生动能还需增强，宏观积极政策仍需加码。"国泰海通研究所宏观 首席分析师梁中华对《华夏时报》记者表示。 支出方面，前11个月，全国一般公共预算支出同比增长1.4%，比前10个月回落0.6个百分点。其中，11 月当月同比增速-3.7%，相比10月的-9.8%，降幅边际有所收窄。不过，在去年同期低基数的情况下，本 月整体财政支出增速仍处于低位。 按照中央经济工作会议要求，2026年将继续实施更加积极的财政政 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of enhancing fiscal sustainability through proactive fiscal policies and systematic management to support economic and social development over the next five years [1] Group 1: Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth - Strengthening macroeconomic regulation through fiscal policies to ensure market mechanisms are effective and to enhance the vitality of microeconomic entities [2] - The need for a balanced approach in fiscal macro-control to smooth short-term fluctuations and boost long-term development momentum [2] - Expansion of domestic demand and enhancement of technological innovation capabilities as key strategies for increasing fiscal sustainability [2] Group 2: Fiscal Resource Management - Improvement of fiscal resource allocation efficiency through comprehensive management and integration of budgetary resources [3] - Inclusion of all revenues derived from administrative power and state-owned resources into government budget management [3] - Establishment of a fiscal capacity assessment mechanism to ensure that major policies and projects are financially feasible [3] Group 3: Fiscal Expenditure Structure - Optimization of fiscal expenditure structure through zero-based budgeting reforms and a performance-oriented budget allocation mechanism [3] - Emphasis on ensuring essential expenditures while reducing unnecessary spending to enhance fiscal policy effectiveness [3] - Strengthening management of social welfare expenditures and improving the evaluation of fiscal support systems [3] Group 4: Risk Management - Establishment of a comprehensive monitoring and regulatory system for local debt to prevent and mitigate hidden debt risks [4] - Enhancement of the long-term sustainability of pension insurance systems and the safeguarding capabilities of medical insurance funds [4] - Development of a safety supervision system for social security funds to ensure their value preservation and growth [4]

《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》提出："发挥积极财政政策作用， 增强财政可持续性。"这为做好今后5年财政改革发展工作指明了方向，提供了重要遵循。 "十四五"时期，随着我国经济实力和综合国力稳步提升，财政收支规模不断扩大，财政制度和各领域财 税支持体制机制日益完善，经济社会发展后劲和财政可持续性不断增强。未来5年，应对我国经济社会 发展面临的风险和挑战，需要保持合适的财政支出强度、发挥好积极财政政策作用，同时也对防范化解 风险、增强财政可持续性等提出新的更高要求。一方面，财政收入增长面临较多约束，传统重点税源行 业增长放缓，战略性新兴产业及数字经济等发展迅速，但对税收贡献相对较小。另一方面，财政支出需 求持续增长，促消费、扩投资、稳就业、保民生等重点领域刚性支出不减，财政收支平衡压力持续加 大。同时，重点领域还有风险隐患，确保财政经济平稳运行面临新的挑战。 下一步，增强财政可持续性，需要树牢系统观念，坚持底线思维，统筹稳增长、防风险等多重目标，综 合施策，多管齐下，推动建设稳固平衡强大的国家财政，为经济社会高质量发展提供坚实财政保障。 第一，加强财政宏观调控，不断做大经济财政"蛋糕" ...