美国和委内瑞拉近来的关系剑拔弩张。 据新华社报道，当地时间10月12日，委内瑞拉总统马杜罗号召该国原住民加入民兵组织，以应对美国在 加勒比海进行军事部署对该国造成的威胁。近期，委内瑞拉已先后激活综合防卫指挥、举行全国性军事 演习，并动员大量民兵。 自9月初以来，美国以"打击拉美贩毒集团"为由在委内瑞拉附近的加勒比海域部署多艘军舰，迄今宣称 摧毁至少4艘"运毒船"并打死20余名"毒贩"，令两国之间的军事对峙持续升温。 日前，美国总统特朗普叫停了与委内瑞拉的外交接触。随着美国与委内瑞拉之间的对峙不断升级，以及 外交接触的中断，令国际社会对目前加勒比海和拉美地区的局势感到担忧。 美加强军事部署，委内瑞拉"硬刚" 公开资料显示，美国与委内瑞拉的紧张关系伴随着持续数十年的干预和制裁。在委内瑞拉前总统乌戈· 查韦斯执政期间（1999-2013），美国针对委内瑞拉的干预和制裁就在升级，并在2019年委内瑞拉总统 大选后进一步升级。 2019年1月，马杜罗宣布胜选，但不久，反对派领袖瓜伊多自封"临时总统"，时任美国总统特朗普立即 予以承认。 委内瑞拉政府谴责反对派在美国支持下试图发动政变，宣布与美国断绝外交关系。特朗普进入第 ...

最近一段时间里，发生在美国和委内瑞拉之间最抓人眼球的新闻，当属委国反对派政治人物玛丽亚·马 查多，无情地"夺走"了特朗普心心念念的诺贝尔和平奖。 在结果出来后，不少看热闹不嫌事大的吃瓜群众都不无调侃地表示，以特朗普的性格，没准他会为了把 和平奖抢回美国，一怒之下对委内瑞拉开战。 虽然这只是一句戏言，但近一个月以来，美委两国之间的氛围倒确实已经走到了剑拔弩张的程度。 当地时间10月9日，委政府正式致函联合国，要求安理会就美国在加勒比地区部署特种部队和核潜艇等 军事存在一事召开紧急会议。 而在两天后的正式会议上，委国常驻联合国代表更表示，"针对委内瑞拉的武装攻击或在短期内发生"， 而目的就是颠覆该国政权，并控制其自然资源。 难道说，美国和委内瑞拉这两个看彼此不顺眼已经很久的国家，是真的准备"开片"了吗？ 以打击毒品为名 只是这一次，特朗普政府没有停留在"放嘴炮"的阶段，而是的确准备把"打击毒品"当成对委内瑞拉施压 的一个抓手。 8月中旬，美军将包括一艘两栖攻击舰、三艘驱逐舰、一艘核潜艇和多架侦察飞机在内的武装部队，连 同4000余名士兵派遣到了波多黎各，算是正式拉开了阵仗。 在之后一个多月的时间里，美国更是多次出 ...

Group 1 - The core point of the article is the surprising decision of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) to grant China observer status, indicating a shift in Latin America's alignment from the United States to China [1][4][17] - The year 2025 has been described as a challenging year for Latin American countries due to the Trump administration's imposition of tariffs on exports such as copper, lithium, and agricultural products, significantly impacting countries reliant on U.S. markets [3][17] - The average tariff imposed by the U.S. on Latin America has surged to 13%, creating a severe economic strain on resource-dependent nations [3][12] Group 2 - China's entry as an observer in CELAC marks a significant change, as it allows China to participate in trade rule-making and standardization, particularly for essential minerals like copper and lithium, crucial for modern technology [12][14] - The cooperation between China and Latin America has evolved from simple trade to regional collaborative development, with initiatives like the China-Peru Free Trade Agreement upgrade and the construction of logistics hubs enhancing export efficiency [6][10] - Latin American countries are increasingly recognizing the tangible benefits of partnering with China, which offers more practical advantages compared to the U.S.'s abstract commitments to democracy [10][19] Group 3 - The collaboration with China provides Latin American countries an opportunity to diversify their markets and gain a voice in global trade rules, reducing their dependency on the U.S. [14][17] - China's involvement through organizations like BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization helps Latin American nations address practical issues, such as currency risks and security concerns [16][19] - The shift in alliances signifies a broader geopolitical change, as Latin American countries assert their right to choose partners beyond the traditional U.S. influence, indicating a potential decline in U.S. dominance in the region [17][19]

Military Deployment Situation - The U.S. military presence in Latin America is characterized by a "point distribution," with bases such as Guantanamo in Cuba and access to military facilities in Colombia, Honduras, and El Salvador [1] - Although the overall scale of U.S. troops in Latin America is smaller compared to Asia-Pacific and the Middle East, the military presence is diverse, including regular joint exercises like "UNITAS" and "Trade Winds" [1] - The U.S. Southern Command coordinates military cooperation with Latin American countries, planning joint exercises and maintaining close intelligence collaboration in strategic areas like the Panama Canal and the Caribbean [1] U.S. Intentions - The U.S. has historically viewed Latin America as its "backyard" under the Monroe Doctrine, maintaining a military presence even after the Cold War through "flexible deployment" [2] - Recent military deployments in the Caribbean, justified as efforts to combat drug trafficking, are seen as a means to strengthen U.S. political control and compel regional countries to compromise on economic and trade issues [2] - Bolivia's President Arce criticized the U.S. military presence as a new form of colonialism aimed at seizing Venezuela's natural resources and undermining democracy in the region [2] Regional Reactions - The planned joint military exercises with the U.S. in Argentina have sparked domestic backlash, with local leaders and organizations opposing foreign military presence as a violation of sovereignty [3] - Leaders from various Latin American countries, including Brazil's President Lula, have expressed concerns about the humanitarian disasters caused by military interventions in other regions, urging Latin America to avoid similar paths [3] - Cuba's Foreign Minister Rodríguez highlighted the increasing tensions in the Caribbean, dismissing U.S. justifications for military deployments as untrustworthy and harmful to regional peace [4]

Group 1 - The intensifying trade conflict between the US and China, particularly in tariffs, has led to unexpected consequences for the US economy, including rising domestic prices and increased business costs [1][3] - The US has begun to reconsider its tariff policies due to internal economic pressures, leading to multiple high-level trade talks with China [3][4] - There is a notable shift in the US's diplomatic strategy towards China, moving from a confrontational stance to a more conciliatory approach, as evidenced by recent statements from US officials [3][4] Group 2 - The US military's inability to support its global ambitions has prompted a reevaluation of its focus on Taiwan, particularly regarding semiconductor industry dependencies [4][5] - China's growing economic influence and partnerships with various regions, including ASEAN, Africa, and Latin America, highlight its role as a key player in global economic cooperation [5][6] - The potential implementation of a "new Monroe Doctrine" by the US to limit China's influence in Latin America is seen as too late, given China's established economic presence in the region [6][8]

第一财经采访的多位专家认为，美国政府此举主要出于巩固两国盟友关系、帮助米莱提振国内选情、 维护美元在新兴市场中的地位等多重因素考虑，虽然能在短期内缓解米莱的困境，但无法改变阿根廷 经济金融所面临的结构性问题。 2025.09. 30 本文字数：2782，阅读时长大约4分钟 作者 | 第一财经 程程 美国总统特朗普和阿根廷总统米莱于纽约会晤后，美国政府近日宣布了一系列对阿根廷的支持计划。 据央视新闻报道，24日，美国财政部宣布与阿方就提供本币互换、购买阿政府以美元计价的债券、 利用美财政部汇率稳定基金等为阿提供金融支持进行协商。 根据美国财政部部长贝森特表态，这一货币互换项目规模为200亿美元。贝森特还在媒体采访中将美 国的援助称为"通往选举的桥梁"，他指的是10月26日的阿根廷中期选举。 受贝森特表态提振，阿根廷金融市场强势反弹。从贝森特22日放出将协助阿根廷的消息至今，比索 对美元汇率上涨近11%，阿根廷股指上涨超6%。 米莱也在社交媒体上感谢美国政府"无条件支持阿根廷民众"。阿根廷政府最大的债权人、国际货币基 金组织（IMF）总裁格奥尔基耶娃也对此表示欢迎。 帮助阿根廷，美国背后有哪些考虑？ 自今年1月上 ...

Core Points - Latin American leaders at the 80th UN General Assembly criticized unilateralism and power politics, particularly in response to increased U.S. military presence in the Caribbean and interference in Venezuela [1][2] - Brazilian President Lula emphasized the importance of multilateralism and warned against repeating past humanitarian disasters caused by military interventions [1] - Chilean President Boric condemned climate change denial as a lie that must be countered [1] - Colombian President Petro accused Trump of neglecting democracy and climate issues while promoting violence [1] - Bolivian President Arce described U.S. defense strategies as a new form of colonialism under the guise of combating drug trafficking [2] - Cuban Foreign Minister Rodriguez raised alarms about U.S. military actions in the Caribbean, claiming they violate international law and threaten regional peace [2] - The collective message from Latin American leaders called for a return to rule-based governance rather than power-based governance [2]

美国总统特朗普16日表示，美国总共"击沉"了三艘委内瑞拉船只。委内瑞拉总统马杜罗15日警告，美国 单方面对委发动"全面侵略"，两国政府间的沟通基本中断，已提议紧急召开一场关于地区主权与和平的 特别会议。 "三艘，不是两艘" 马杜罗在15日召开的新闻发布会上说，委美两国不仅关系紧张，美方更是针对委方司法、政治、外交和 军事等领域发动"全面侵略"。马杜罗说，为应对美方威胁，委方已于11日部署250万名军人及民兵，并 表示将持续开展此类行动。 马杜罗指出，由于美方实施炸弹威胁、死亡恐吓及勒索，委美两国政府间的沟通已从"受损"恶化至"基 本中断"。他同时说，两国仍保持基本联络渠道以协调被美遣返的委内瑞拉移民事宜。 马杜罗重申，委内瑞拉正处于"非武装斗争"阶段。但他警告，如果遭到美国侵略，将立即转入"武装斗 争"。 关于美军2日在南加勒比海袭击一艘"从委内瑞拉出发的运毒船"、打死11人的说法，马杜罗在新闻发布 会上回应说，此次袭击是否属实，以及是否有11名据称来自委内瑞拉的人员遇害，仍存争议。委方正在 进行相关调查，同时他强调美方应率先展开调查。 在启程对英国进行国事访问前，特朗普在白宫对记者表示，"我们实际上击沉了三 ...

新华社加拉加斯9月15日电 题：加勒比海上的美国霸权主义阴霾 新华社记者孟宜霏 田睿 美国与委内瑞拉之间军事紧张持续，加勒比海域剑拔弩张。美军持续增加在加勒比海域军事部署， 5架F-35战机13日抵达与委内瑞拉隔加勒比海相望的波多黎各一处军事基地。委内瑞拉则加强国内战 备，以应对可能的入侵。 拉美专家认为，美国以"缉毒"为名对委施压，意在颠覆委内瑞拉政权，同时谋求继续增强在拉美地 区的掌控力。对于美国的"门罗主义"霸权思维，拉美国家集体说"不"。 委内瑞拉官员和媒体指出，联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室《2025年世界毒品报告》显示，自委过境 的贩毒活动很少；另外美国毒品管制局发布的2024年和2025年"国家毒品威胁评估"报告，也从未提及委 内瑞拉是对美贩毒活动的重要相关方。 委内瑞拉方面认为，美国政府强化在加勒比海军事部署有三个目的。 其一，企图颠覆委内瑞拉政权。马杜罗5日指责美方所谓贩毒问题是"完全虚假"的说辞，其目的是 攻击委政府。委防长帕德里诺·洛佩斯8日说，美国举动意在引发委"政权更迭"，企图煽动叛变，"从内 部瓦解委内瑞拉国家机构"。 加勒比海域"大军压境" 美国近期对委内瑞拉持续施压。8月，美国以" ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that Venezuela is facing unprecedented military threats from the United States, with President Maduro emphasizing the country's preparedness to defend its sovereignty against these actions [1][2]. - Maduro claims that the U.S. military deployment near Venezuela, which includes 8 warships carrying 1200 missiles and a nuclear submarine, represents the largest threat the country has faced in nearly a century [1]. - The Venezuelan government has accused the U.S. of engaging in "gunboat diplomacy," a term that refers to the use of military force to influence other nations, which Maduro argues is a desperate move following the failure of U.S. sanctions and isolation strategies against Venezuela [2]. Group 2 - In response to the perceived threat, Venezuela has mobilized troops to its borders and called on citizens to join militia organizations to protect the nation [3]. - Maduro has expressed a desire to maintain communication with the U.S., but he notes that the bilateral channels have deteriorated significantly, indicating a breakdown in diplomatic relations [2].