Workflow
核聚变
icon
Search documents
转债周策略20251116:供给端如何支撑转债估值?
Minsheng Securities· 2025-11-16 07:38
Group 1 - The report indicates that the current convertible bond valuation remains relatively high, with some newly issued bonds having higher premium rates compared to other bonds at parity. This is attributed to strong demand for convertible bonds and high industry prosperity, leading to excess returns on corresponding stocks and increased volatility, which supports the high valuation levels of these new bonds [1][10]. - The report anticipates that the high premium of newly issued bonds will persist, as high-prosperity industries will continue to issue convertible bonds, maintaining a balance structure close to the levels seen in 2025. This is expected to support the valuation levels of newly issued bonds and the overall market [1][10]. - The report tracks the valuation levels across various industries, identifying the top ten industries with the highest valuations, including Media, Computer, Defense, Machinery, Electronics, Automotive, Beauty, Communication, Food & Beverage, and Electric Equipment. The proportion of high-valuation industry bonds has increased in 2025 compared to 2023 and 2024, indicating a rise in the overall market valuation center [2][11]. Group 2 - The weekly strategy indicates that most stock indices experienced adjustments, with the China Convertible Bond Index showing a slight increase of 0.52%. The report highlights that the median price of bonds in the parity range has risen, indicating that convertible bond valuations remain at historically high levels [3][17]. - The report notes that market liquidity remains ample, and as investor risk appetite gradually recovers, a mid-term upward trend in stock indices is expected. Key areas of focus include the acceleration of AI industrialization, the "anti-involution" trend benefiting sectors like photovoltaics and steel, and future industry-related convertible bonds such as hydrogen energy and nuclear fusion [3][17][18]. - Recent increases in convertible bond valuations may be due to inflows of new capital into the market, driven by a better alignment of the convertible bond market structure with current market styles. Specific sectors such as photovoltaics, lithium batteries, coal, and steel are highlighted as key areas for institutional investment [4][17].
科技成长延续偏弱调整
Tebon Securities· 2025-11-14 13:28
Market Analysis - The A-share market experienced a weak adjustment, with the Shanghai Composite Index falling below the 4000-point mark, closing at 3990.49, down 0.97% [4][7] - The market saw a decrease in trading volume, with total market turnover dropping to 1.98 trillion, a 4.1% decline from the previous day [7][9] - Defensive sectors outperformed, while technology growth sectors faced significant declines, with electronic, communication, and computer sectors down by 2.88%, 2.45%, and 2.32% respectively [7][9] Bond Market - The bond market remained stable, with the 30-year main contract rising by 0.03% to 116.160, while the 10-year and 5-year contracts held steady [10] - The People's Bank of China conducted a 212.8 billion yuan reverse repurchase operation, indicating a net liquidity injection of 71.1 billion yuan [10] Commodity Market - Agricultural product prices increased, with notable rises in soybean and apple prices, up 2.26% and 2.25% respectively [10] - Precious metals experienced slight declines, with gold and silver futures down by 0.29% and 0.04%, respectively, amid changing expectations regarding Federal Reserve interest rate cuts [10] Investment Strategy - The report suggests maintaining a balanced allocation strategy focusing on dividend stocks, micro-cap stocks, and technology sectors, while closely monitoring external environmental changes [9][13] - The bond market is expected to remain loose in the short term, presenting potential allocation opportunities as the stock-bond dynamic adjusts [13] Key Investment Themes - The report highlights several key investment themes, including artificial intelligence, nuclear fusion, domestic chip production, and quantum technology, emphasizing the importance of technological breakthroughs and policy support [15] - The report also notes the potential for gold and silver investments to gain value following further interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve, alongside the impact of geopolitical risks [15]
弘讯科技涨2.07%,成交额5755.11万元,主力资金净流入439.00万元
Xin Lang Zheng Quan· 2025-11-14 03:05
Core Viewpoint - 弘讯科技's stock price has shown a significant increase this year, with a 32% rise, indicating strong market interest and potential growth in the automation equipment sector [1][2]. Company Overview - 弘讯科技, established on September 5, 2001, and listed on March 3, 2015, is located in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. The company specializes in the research, production, and sales of plastic machinery automation products [1]. - The revenue composition of 弘讯科技 includes: Industrial Control 47.71%, Drive Systems 37.11%, New Energy 11.57%, and Others 3.61% [1]. Financial Performance - For the period from January to September 2025, 弘讯科技 reported a revenue of 609 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 5.65%. The net profit attributable to shareholders was 32.05 million yuan, down 35.18% year-on-year [2]. - Since its A-share listing, 弘讯科技 has distributed a total of 364 million yuan in dividends, with 101 million yuan distributed over the past three years [3]. Shareholder Structure - As of September 30, 2025, 弘讯科技 had 34,300 shareholders, a decrease of 22.16% from the previous period. The average number of tradable shares per shareholder increased by 28.47% to 11,778 shares [2]. - The top ten circulating shareholders include several ETFs focused on robotics, with notable increases in holdings for 易方达国证机器人产业ETF and 华夏中证机器人ETF [3].
久立特材跌2.01%,成交额1.19亿元,主力资金净流出1297.62万元
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-11-14 02:47
Core Viewpoint - Jiu Li Special Materials experienced a stock price decline of 2.01% on November 14, with a current price of 25.85 CNY per share and a total market capitalization of 25.26 billion CNY [1] Financial Performance - For the period from January to September 2025, Jiu Li Special Materials achieved a revenue of 9.747 billion CNY, representing a year-on-year growth of 36.45% [2] - The net profit attributable to shareholders for the same period was 1.262 billion CNY, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 20.73% [2] Shareholder Information - As of September 30, 2025, the number of shareholders increased by 34.16% to 27,600, while the average circulating shares per person decreased by 25.46% to 34,604 shares [2] - The company has distributed a total of 3.468 billion CNY in dividends since its A-share listing, with 1.802 billion CNY distributed in the last three years [3] Stock Trading Activity - On November 14, the net outflow of main funds was 12.9762 million CNY, with large orders accounting for 23.00% of purchases and 28.87% of sales [1] - Year-to-date, the stock price has increased by 15.05%, with a recent decline of 1.07% over the last five trading days [1] Business Overview - Jiu Li Special Materials, established on January 8, 2004, and listed on December 11, 2009, specializes in the research, production, and sales of industrial stainless steel pipes and special alloy materials [1] - The revenue composition includes seamless pipes (37.97%), composite pipes (33.57%), welded pipes (13.44%), alloy materials (6.25%), and other products (5.54%) [1]
中泰期货晨会纪要-20251113
Zhong Tai Qi Huo· 2025-11-13 01:50
Report Industry Investment Ratings There is no information provided regarding the report industry investment ratings in the given content. Core Views of the Report - A shares showed a volatile trend, with the photovoltaic industry chain dropping due to rumors, and the banking and insurance sectors strengthening. The strategy for A shares is to adopt a volatile mindset and stay on the sidelines. For treasury bond futures, there is still upward momentum for bonds, and attention should be paid to the rhythm [8][9]. - Black commodities are expected to oscillate at the bottom, with a mid - term strategy of shorting on rallies. The steel and iron ore market is affected by supply - demand fundamentals and policy expectations, and iron ore may face supply - demand imbalance in the future [11][12]. - In the non - ferrous and new materials sector, zinc prices are high but the spot market has weak buying interest; lithium carbonate has good short - term fundamentals but may face a price correction in the first quarter of next year; industrial silicon and polysilicon are expected to continue to oscillate [18][19][23]. - For agricultural products, cotton and sugar are under supply pressure and are expected to be weak, while eggs are in the process of capacity reduction, and apples are expected to oscillate strongly. Corn and dates face supply pressure, and the pig market is expected to be weak [25][27][33]. - In the energy and chemical sector, oil prices are expected to be weakly oscillating due to supply - demand imbalance. Fuel oil, plastics, and other products are affected by factors such as supply - demand and cost, and their prices are expected to follow the trend of oil prices or oscillate weakly [35][37][40]. Summary by Related Catalogs Macro Information - Rumors about the cancellation of the polysilicon storage platform were refuted. The China Photovoltaic Industry Association is promoting "anti - involution" work, and JinkoSolar clarified relevant rumors [6]. - The Shanghai Stock Exchange International Investors Conference opened. The CSRC will deepen comprehensive reforms in investment and financing, strengthen strategic force reserves and market - stabilizing mechanisms, and optimize the structure of listed companies [6]. - CATL's fifth - generation lithium iron phosphate battery has been mass - produced, and the "Chocolate Battery Swap Alliance" is expanding [6]. - The US House of Representatives will vote on a temporary appropriation bill, which may end the government shutdown. The government shutdown may reduce Q4 economic growth by two percentage points [6]. - The US Treasury Secretary may announce "substantial" tariff news, and there are plans for tariff exemptions and tax rebates [6]. - There are differences within the Fed on interest rate policies, with some members having different views on interest rate cuts [6]. - The US Treasury will maintain the scale of Treasury bond auctions, and the issuance of long - term bonds may increase [6]. - The issuance scale of global investment - grade bonds has reached a new high, and oil prices have fallen due to concerns about supply surplus [6]. - Precious metal futures generally rose, driven by factors such as the end of the US government shutdown and geopolitical risks [6]. - OPEC expects the oil market to balance in 2026 and maintains its forecast for global oil demand growth [6]. - The Simandou iron ore project has been officially put into production, with large reserves and high - grade ore [6]. Macro Finance - A shares oscillated, with the photovoltaic industry chain falling and the banking and insurance sectors rising. The Shanghai Composite Index fell 0.07% to 4000.14 points, and the full - day trading volume was 1.96 trillion yuan. The strategy is to be cautious and wait [8]. - In the treasury bond futures market, the capital situation was balanced, and bond prices fluctuated slightly. Inflation showed some improvement, but the sustainability of inflation repair needs further observation. The decline in exports in October was affected by multiple factors, and the strategy is to pay attention to the rhythm of bond price increases [8][9]. Black - **Steel and Iron Ore**: Steel and iron ore prices oscillated. Steel prices at low levels led to better trading, driving up raw material prices. In the future, the industry may return to fundamental trading. From a fundamental perspective, demand for building materials is weak, while demand for coils is relatively good. Supply may decline, and iron ore may face supply - demand imbalance in the future. The mid - term strategy is to short on rallies [11][12]. - **Coking Coal and Coke**: Futures prices oscillated and declined. In the short term, supply may increase, and demand for steel is weak, but thermal coal prices provide some support. The price is expected to continue to oscillate and decline in the short term [14]. - **Ferroalloys**: In the medium and long term, the over - supply situation of ferrosilicon and silicomanganese is difficult to improve, and the strategy is to short on rallies. In the short term, it is recommended to stay on the sidelines [15]. - **Soda Ash and Glass**: Soda ash production decreased slightly, and prices were adjusted up in some areas. Glass prices were lowered in some regions after weak sales. The current strategy is to stay on the sidelines [15][16]. Non - Ferrous and New Materials - **Zinc**: Zinc prices were high, but the spot market had weak buying interest. The inventory showed a slight increase. It is recommended to hold short positions at high prices [18]. - **Lithium Carbonate**: The short - term fundamentals are good, but there may be a price correction in the first quarter of next year. It is advisable to buy on dips [19]. - **Industrial Silicon and Polysilicon**: Industrial silicon has no prominent supply - demand contradictions and is expected to oscillate. Polysilicon is affected by policy expectations and supply - demand contradictions and is also expected to oscillate [22][23]. Agricultural Products - **Cotton**: Cotton prices were affected by factors such as the decline in ICE cotton prices and the supply - demand situation. There is supply pressure in the short term, and prices are expected to oscillate weakly [25][26]. - **Sugar**: Global sugar supply is expected to be in surplus. Domestic sugar prices are affected by import costs and domestic production. It is advisable to wait and see before the large - scale arrival of new sugar [27][28]. - **Eggs**: The egg market is in the process of capacity reduction. Spot prices may be slightly stronger, but the supply - demand pattern is still loose. It is recommended to short near - month contracts on rallies [28][29]. - **Apples**: Apple prices are expected to oscillate strongly, with attention to factors such as inventory and consumption [30]. - **Corn**: Corn prices showed a short - term rebound, but there is still supply pressure. Attention should be paid to the selling pressure in November and the release of policy wheat [30][31]. - **Dates**: The spot market was weak, and the futures price was under pressure. It is recommended to wait and see [32]. - **Pigs**: The pig market has supply pressure and stable demand. It is recommended to short near - month contracts on rallies [33]. Energy and Chemical - **Crude Oil**: Oil prices are expected to be weakly oscillating due to supply - demand imbalance. OPEC+ measures have limited support for oil prices [35]. - **Fuel Oil**: Fuel oil prices follow the trend of oil prices, with a supply - loose and demand - weak pattern. The short - term focus is on supply - side concerns after sanctions [36]. - **Plastics**: Polyolefins have large supply pressure and are expected to oscillate weakly, but cost support may limit the decline [37][40]. - **Rubber**: Rubber is expected to oscillate, with a short - term strategy of going long on dips with stop - losses [41]. - **Synthetic Rubber**: Synthetic rubber is expected to oscillate at the bottom, and it is advisable to short on rallies [42]. - **Methanol**: Methanol prices are volatile, with large supply pressure. It is recommended to adopt a weakly oscillating strategy for near - month contracts and a long - position strategy for far - month contracts after a rebound [43][44]. - **Caustic Soda**: Caustic soda prices are expected to be short - term weakly bearish, but there may be support at low levels, and it is advisable to go long on dips in the medium term [45]. - **Asphalt**: Asphalt prices are expected to have larger fluctuations, and the focus is on the price bottom after the winter storage game [47]. - **Polyester Industry Chain**: The polyester industry chain is expected to be weakly running due to weak cost support and market sentiment [48]. - **Liquefied Petroleum Gas**: LPG has abundant supply in the long - term and may be strongly oscillating in the short - term due to the approaching peak season [49]. - **Gummed Printing Paper**: The spot market is stable, and if price increases are implemented, it is advisable to go long on dips with risk control [50]. - **Pulp**: Pulp is expected to oscillate widely, and it is recommended to observe the digestion of old warehouse receipts and spot trading [51]. - **Logs**: Log prices are expected to be under pressure, with a supply - demand weak balance in the future [52]. - **Urea**: The urea market is affected by export factors, and it is recommended to wait and see for specific policies [53][54].
中信证券:AI新材料、人形机器人、卫星互联网等主题有望表现活跃 把握催化因素交易时点
智通财经网· 2025-11-13 00:41
Core Viewpoint - The report from CITIC Securities highlights several key themes expected to perform actively by 2026, including AI new materials, humanoid robots, satellite internet, military new materials, nuclear fusion, hydrogen energy, and SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel). The firm emphasizes the importance of policy, events, and performance releases as catalysts for trading opportunities in high-growth sectors and quality tracks [1]. AI New Materials - The trading narrative for upstream materials in PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is driven by "AI computing demand → High-speed PCB/CCL shortage → High-end material price and volume increase → Equipment investment leading" [1]. - In advanced packaging materials, the dual drivers are "foreign advanced packaging expansion realization + domestic HBM (High Bandwidth Memory) promotion and local production line introduction," with a focus on overseas CoWoS/SoIC ramp-up and domestic HBM validation and volume increase [2]. - For semiconductor materials, the continuous push for self-control and the expansion of domestic storage manufacturers, along with HBM3 product progress, are expected to drive demand for upstream materials and equipment components [2]. Humanoid Robots - The period from Q4 2025 to H1 2026 is critical for humanoid robot materials, with trading rhythms focusing on "event certainty" (Tesla Gen3 finalization/mass production guidance) and "cost inflection points" [3]. - Key materials include rare earth magnetic materials, PEEK/CF-PEEK, and UHMWPE/PPS/LCP, with recommendations to prioritize high-certainty material leaders and companies with cost-reduction processes/patent advantages [3]. Satellite Internet - The development of satellite internet is constrained by rocket launch capabilities, with breakthroughs in domestic reusable rocket technology expected by Q4 2025 [4]. - The capital market's focus has shifted from early thematic trading to the acceleration of satellite constellations and the performance realization of related companies [4]. Nuclear Fusion - The upcoming increase in bidding for nuclear fusion projects is anticipated to exceed expectations, with total investment in domestic nuclear fusion devices projected to exceed 300 billion from 2025 to 2030 [5]. - The industry is expected to develop steadily through a three-step strategy of "experimental pile - engineering demonstration pile - commercial pile" [5]. Solid-State Batteries - The solid-state battery industry is expected to experience a multi-dimensional resonance of policy, technology, and industry in 2025, with significant developments anticipated in 2026 [6]. Wind Power - The domestic wind power installation is expected to maintain high prosperity due to the tilt of new energy investment towards wind power, with a construction peak anticipated from 2026 [7][8]. Hydrogen Energy - The hydrogen energy sector is witnessing accelerated application scenario expansion, supported by domestic and international policies aimed at promoting clean hydrogen applications and green fuel projects [9]. SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel) - The application of SAF is expected to grow rapidly, with a potential mandatory blending policy in China by 2026, and global SAF demand projected to reach 15.11 million tons by 2030 [10]. Military New Materials - The military new materials sector is poised to benefit from the new strategic cycle of national defense construction and military industry development, with three main investment lines: military trade growth, the "14th Five-Year Plan," and domestic substitution and supply chain security [11].
中金 | 深度布局“十五五”:机械篇
中金点睛· 2025-11-12 23:26
Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the critical role of advanced manufacturing in building a modern industrial system, highlighting the need for high-quality development and technological innovation in the manufacturing sector [2][4]. Manufacturing Industry Overview - The manufacturing sector's production value reached 25.5 trillion yuan in the first three quarters of 2025, accounting for 25% of GDP, indicating steady growth [2]. - The manufacturing PMI index decreased by 0.8 percentage points to 49.0% in October, with high-tech manufacturing, equipment manufacturing, and consumer goods sectors remaining in the expansion zone [2]. - The Producer Price Index (PPI) showed a year-on-year decline of 2.3% in September, with a narrowing decline compared to the previous month, suggesting improved supply-demand dynamics [2]. Technological Advancements - The article discusses the importance of accelerating technological self-reliance, particularly in AI, nuclear fusion, and new energy sectors, which are expected to transform production and manufacturing models [6]. - High-tech manufacturing is anticipated to continue driving the development of the manufacturing industry [2]. Robotics Sector - The humanoid robot sector is expected to see significant growth from 2026 to 2030, with opportunities in hardware participation and new technologies [7]. - Collaborative robots are projected to grow rapidly, with a year-on-year sales increase of 47% in the first half of 2025, indicating strong demand for human-machine collaboration [7]. Lithium Battery Equipment - China has a competitive advantage in the global lithium battery equipment market, with a complete supply chain and ongoing technological breakthroughs [8]. - The capital expenditure growth for leading domestic lithium battery companies is expected to accelerate in 2025-2026, driven by increasing demand in both domestic and international markets [8]. Solid-State Battery Development - Solid-state batteries are identified as a core technology for next-generation power batteries, with significant advantages in energy density and safety [9]. - The Chinese government is investing 6 billion yuan in solid-state battery R&D projects, indicating strong policy support for this technology [9]. Hydrogen Energy Equipment - Hydrogen energy is recognized as a strategic component for national energy security, but the industry faces challenges in cost and technology [10]. - The article suggests focusing on domestic production of key hydrogen energy components to overcome current bottlenecks [11]. Nuclear Fusion - Nuclear fusion is positioned as a future core industry, with significant investments and projects underway to advance its commercialization [12]. - The construction of major projects like CFETR and BEST is expected to create investment opportunities across the supply chain [12]. Quantum Technology - The quantum computing sector is rapidly advancing, with significant growth expected in the global market, driven by breakthroughs in hardware [13]. - The article highlights the potential for core equipment manufacturers to benefit from the commercialization of quantum technology [13]. Internationalization and Export Growth - China's manufacturing exports grew by 7.1% year-on-year in the first three quarters of 2025, with a shift towards high-value-added products [14]. - The export volume of excavators increased significantly, reflecting the competitiveness of traditional industries in the global market [14][15].
陆家嘴财经早餐2025年11月13日星期四
Wind万得· 2025-11-12 22:32
Group 1 - The China Photovoltaic Industry Association refuted rumors about the collapse of the polysilicon storage platform, emphasizing the industry's commitment to combating unhealthy competition [2] - President Xi Jinping expressed China's willingness to import more high-quality products from Spain and explore cooperation in emerging fields such as renewable energy and artificial intelligence [3] - The Shanghai Stock Exchange International Investors Conference highlighted the increase in foreign investment in A-shares, with the market value held by foreign investors rising from over 3 trillion yuan at the end of 2020 to over 3.5 trillion yuan currently [4] Group 2 - The A-share market experienced fluctuations, with the photovoltaic industry chain declining due to external influences, while the banking and insurance sectors showed strength [5] - The number of newly launched funds in the market reached 1,371 this year, the highest in nearly three years, although the average fundraising scale was only 782 million yuan [6] - The Hong Kong-listed company Baillie Gifford announced a delay in its global offering, indicating a shift in market conditions [6] Group 3 - The Ministry of Education and other departments issued guidelines to strengthen science and technology education in primary and secondary schools, focusing on STEM fields [8] - The National Energy Administration released guidelines to promote the integrated development of renewable energy, supporting the establishment of 100% renewable energy bases in suitable regions [8] - The 2025 World Power Battery Conference signed 180 projects with a total amount of 861.3 billion yuan, covering key areas in green energy [9]
策略点评:震荡延续,指数分化
Tebon Securities· 2025-11-12 11:17
Market Analysis - The A-share market is experiencing a mixed trend, with the Shanghai Composite Index hovering around 4000 points while the ChiNext and STAR Market continue to adjust [4][5] - The divergence in index performance reflects a shift in market preference from "technology + new energy" to "insurance + banking," indicating a focus on defensive sectors [5][7] - The insurance and banking sectors showed strength, with the insurance index rising by 1.81% and the banking index by 0.46%, likely benefiting from the central bank's indication of a moderately loose monetary policy [7][8] Bond Market - The bond market saw a slight increase, with the 30-year bond contract rising by 0.09% and the 10-year bond by 0.02%, indicating a stable interest rate environment [9] - The central bank's actions, including a net injection of 1300 billion yuan into the market, signal a commitment to maintaining liquidity [9][10] Commodity Market - The commodity index increased by 0.63%, with precious metals continuing to perform strongly, particularly silver, which rose by over 2% [9][10] - Multi-crystalline silicon prices experienced significant volatility, with a peak drop of nearly 4% before recovering due to clarifications from the China Photovoltaic Industry Association [9][10] Investment Strategy - The report suggests maintaining a balanced allocation strategy across dividend stocks, micro-cap stocks, and technology sectors, while being cautious of high valuation pressures [8][11] - The focus on consumer sectors may present further investment opportunities if domestic policies continue to support market recovery [8][11] Hotspot Tracking - Key investment themes include artificial intelligence, nuclear fusion, domestic chip production, quantum technology, and precious metals, with a focus on capital expenditure trends and policy support [12][13] - The report emphasizes the importance of monitoring developments in the photovoltaic sector and related policies, particularly regarding supply and demand dynamics [9][12]
A股五张图:“拉一踩一”的下场
Xuan Gu Bao· 2025-11-12 10:35
Market Overview - Technology stocks experienced a collective pullback, with indices showing a slight V-shaped recovery [3] - The biodiesel sector saw significant gains, with stocks like Shanhigh Environmental and Jiaao Environmental hitting the daily limit [3] - Gene editing stocks surged, with companies such as Nanjing Xinbai and Jimin Health reaching their daily limits [3] - Oil service stocks also performed well, with companies like Zhun Oil and Shandong Molong hitting the daily limit [3] - The satellite internet sector saw a late-stage rally, with Shanghai Huguang and Shanghai Gangwan both experiencing sharp increases [3] Banking Sector - The banking sector showed resilience amidst the overall market decline, with major banks like Agricultural Bank of China leading the way [5] - Agricultural Bank of China saw a significant increase of 3.49%, reaching a market capitalization of over 3 trillion, solidifying its position as the second-largest bank globally [6] Satellite Internet - The satellite internet sector rebounded sharply in the late trading session, with notable gains from companies like Aerospace Zhizhuang and China Satellite [10] - The catalyst for this rally was the announcement of a new, cheaper Starlink home package by SpaceX, priced at $40 per month [10] Company-Specific Developments - Xingsen Technology experienced a rise of 6% after rumors of a partnership with Nvidia surfaced, although these claims were later disputed [12][13] - Daily Interaction saw a volatile trading session, initially declining but then surging over 10% due to speculation around a new product release related to DeepSeek [19]