| | | 大涨背后的裂痕：今夏美国再现股债汇三杀？ 美股连续大涨，市场情绪再度转热，但大涨背后的裂痕已经出现。 当市场焦点从眼前的关税缓解转向减税，夏季美国市场将面临新的"股债汇三杀"风险。 花旗认为特朗普的政策原本是一套组合拳，其中： 也就是说DOGE和关税进展都不顺，而减税推进则愈发带来市场对债务的忧虑，尤其是外资： 当前财政赤字的背景：当前正值美国的期限溢价已经处于高位。历史上，期限溢价的飙升可能会持续较 长时间（ 图1），预计这种情况将再次出现，尤其是在预算问题成为焦点时。 外国投资者需求的挑战：外国投资者对美国国债的需求仍然是一个阻力，这进一步增加了风险。 而这个夏季可能会出现"减税+就业数据恶化"的基本面组合： 财政赤字扩大与经济数据疲软：今年夏天的风险是双重的： 一方面，随着财政赤字扩大，可能会出现另一轮期限溢价飙升； 另一方面，一些经济数据的疲软可能开始显现。这些因素可能会导致美联储的政策重新定价为更偏鸽派 （尤其是考虑到最近市场对2025年美联储降息预期从100个基点迅速调整到仅略高于50个基点）。 劳动力市场的季节性疲软：值得注意的是，我们即将进入劳动力市场数据季节性疲软的时期（见图 2 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent easing of tariff policies has led to a divergence in the performance of U.S. stocks and bonds, with stocks recovering while bond yields continue to rise, indicating ongoing pressure on the bond market [1][3]. Group 1: Market Performance - The S&P 500 index has recorded a year-to-date increase of 0.1%, recovering from a previous decline of 17% due to tariff impacts [3]. - The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield reached 4.484%, higher than the pre-tariff announcement average of 4.156% and close to the peak level of 4.492% in April [3][4]. Group 2: Market Sentiment and Analysis - Analysts suggest that the bond market remains under pressure due to uncertainties surrounding tariffs, fiscal outlook, and Federal Reserve expectations [4]. - The recent auction of 10-year Treasuries showed signs of stability, with a bid-to-cover ratio of 2.60, indicating healthy demand despite previous volatility [5]. Group 3: Fiscal Pressures - The U.S. Treasury is facing fiscal pressures, with warnings that extraordinary measures to maintain the debt ceiling may run out by August, potentially leading to a funding shortfall [6][7]. - The current statutory debt ceiling stands at $36.1 trillion, and analysts predict a funding shortfall could occur between August and October [7]. Group 4: Tariff and Inflation Concerns - The uncertainty surrounding tariff policies continues to affect investor confidence regarding inflation and interest rate forecasts, leading to higher yield demands [8]. - The 10-year Treasury's term premium is currently at 0.69%, close to the peak of 0.84% in April, reflecting ongoing risk perceptions [8]. Group 5: Federal Reserve Policy Outlook - The Federal Reserve is expected to maintain a cautious stance on interest rate cuts due to concerns about tariffs potentially driving inflation higher [9][10]. - Some analysts have adjusted their expectations for rate cuts, now predicting that the Fed may not begin cutting rates until December, rather than July [10].

周一，日本30年期国债收益率大幅攀升5个基点至2.955%，创下近25年来的最高水平，并逼近历史峰值。 自特朗普4月初升级关税威胁以来，日本债券市场持续遭受动荡。投资者面临着日益复杂的风险组合。 一方面，关税政策对经济构成威胁，削弱了日本央行近期加息的可能性，这使短期债券相对更具吸引力。另一方面，关税政策提高了通胀风险， 降低了超长期债券的投资价值。 日本10年期债券最近的销售录得自2021年以来最疲弱的需求。投资者对周二即将举行的30年期债券拍卖也保持谨慎态度。 "超长期债券市场正在发生不可逆转的结构性变化，30年期收益率不一定会在3%水平停止上涨，"野村证券执行利率策略师Mari Iwashita表示： "在日本央行减少国债购买、寿险公司需求下降等重大趋势转变中，特朗普的关税政策导致美国债券市场动荡，也扰乱了超长期债券的 供需平衡。" 日债市场陷入动荡，长期收益率飙升 5与12日周一，市场风险偏好明显上升。根据商务部的声明，本次中美经贸高层会谈取得实质性进展，大幅降低双边关税水平，美方取消了共计 91%的加征关税，中方相应取消了91%的反制关税；美方暂停实施24%的"对等关税"，中方也相应暂停实施24%的 ...

Group 1: Euro and Currency Analysis - The euro is expected to appreciate in the long term, with analysts suggesting that this structural change may last longer than anticipated [1] - Deutsche Bank has revised its forecast for the euro to rise to 1.20 against the dollar by December and further to 1.30 by the end of 2027 [1] Group 2: Japanese Investment Trends - In April, Japanese pension funds purchased a record amount of foreign stocks, totaling 2.76 trillion yen (approximately 189 billion USD) [2] - Japanese investors net bought 2.12 trillion yen of U.S. stocks in March, marking the highest level since 2005 [2] Group 3: U.S. Treasury Yield Outlook - Goldman Sachs maintains a core view that short-term U.S. Treasury yields will decline, but warns of potential upward pressure on yields if economic data does not support rate cut expectations [2] - Citigroup suggests that the recent rise in global short-term bond yields may be losing momentum, with several factors potentially hindering the bond market [2] Group 4: Gold Price Forecast - JPMorgan predicts that gold prices could reach 6,000 USD per ounce by 2029, representing an 80% increase from current levels of approximately 3,300 USD [3] - The forecast is driven by a combination of U.S. policy changes leading to asset reallocations towards gold and limited increases in gold supply [3] Group 5: India-Pakistan Market Dynamics - The recent ceasefire agreement between India and Pakistan is viewed positively, with expectations of a rebound in risk assets for both countries [3] - A technical analysis indicates that if the USD/INR exchange rate breaks below the 200-day moving average support level of approximately 85.03, it would signal a positive trend [3]

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. stock and bond markets are showing a divergence in response to recent trade policy announcements, with the stock market recovering while the bond market remains cautious and uncertain [1][2]. Group 1: Stock Market Performance - The S&P 500 index has recorded gains on 15 out of the last 22 trading days, returning to levels seen before the tariff announcements in April [2]. - This rebound occurred despite President Trump's retention of a 10% tariff on most countries, with limited progress in trade negotiations aside from agreements with the UK and meetings with Chinese officials [2]. Group 2: Bond Market Dynamics - The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield has decreased from a peak of 4.492% in April to 4.406% recently, but remains above the pre-tariff level of 4.156% [2][5]. - The persistent high yield indicates that the bond market is still processing uncertainties related to tariff policies, fiscal outlook, and Federal Reserve expectations [5]. Group 3: Investor Sentiment and Risks - Investors are demanding higher yields due to inflation uncertainties stemming from fluctuating trade policies, leading to a current term premium of 0.69%, significantly higher than the March average of 0.37% [6][8]. - Concerns over increased bond supply due to federal budget deficits and criticism of the Federal Reserve's interest rate policies are contributing to investor hesitance in purchasing long-term Treasuries [11]. Group 4: Economic Implications - The unusual phenomenon of rising long-term yields alongside falling short-term yields, termed "steepening inversion," poses challenges for policymakers and increases consumer borrowing costs [12]. - The disconnect between long-term yields and short-term interest rate expectations may hinder the Federal Reserve's ability to stimulate growth through rate cuts, with mortgage rates remaining high despite potential rate reductions [15].

Core Viewpoint - The divergence in short-term and long-term U.S. Treasury yields poses significant challenges for the Federal Reserve's traditional policy of stimulating economic growth through interest rate cuts [1][3][10] Group 1: Yield Divergence - The current issue in the U.S. Treasury market is the significant divergence in yield trends, with short-term Treasury yields declining while long-term yields are rising [1] - As of April 2, the benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury yield has risen to approximately 4.38%, contrasting with the decline in short-term yields [1] Group 2: Factors Driving Yield Divergence - The primary reason for this yield divergence is the uncertainty surrounding inflation, exacerbated by unpredictable trade policies [4] - Investors are demanding higher yields to compensate for the risks associated with holding long-term Treasuries, leading to an increase in the "term premium" [4] Group 3: Impact on Borrowing Costs - This yield divergence directly raises borrowing costs for consumers and businesses, complicating the Federal Reserve's efforts to stimulate the economy through rate cuts [3][10] - The average rate for a 30-year fixed mortgage was 6.8% last week, slightly up from a month ago, indicating persistent high borrowing costs despite potential rate cuts [6] Group 4: Federal Reserve and Policy Implications - Most investors believe that if the U.S. enters a recession and the Federal Reserve significantly cuts rates, long-term yields should theoretically decline [6] - However, there are concerns that long-term yields may not decrease sufficiently, keeping mortgage and other debt rates high [6][10] Group 5: Cautious Policy Response - The Federal Reserve is exercising caution in its monetary policy decisions, with Chairman Powell emphasizing the need to maintain credibility in combating inflation [8] - The U.S. Treasury has shown increased sensitivity to market conditions, adjusting its debt issuance strategy in response to rising long-term yields [9]

Core Viewpoint - Morgan Stanley strategists indicate that the sensitivity of the US dollar to US interest rates has increased, leading to a new negative correlation with the term premium of US Treasury bonds, which is expected to further pressure the dollar [1] Summary by Relevant Categories - **US Dollar Sensitivity** - The overall sensitivity of the US dollar to US interest rates has risen [1] - **Negative Correlation** - A new negative correlation has emerged between the US dollar and the term premium of US Treasury bonds [1] - **Forecast on Dollar Index** - If US interest rate trends align with expectations, the dollar index is projected to decline by an additional 6% [1]

[Table_Title] 每日复盘 证券研究报告 2025 年 5 月 7 日 2025 年 5 月 7 日市场全天高开后震荡回落，军工股集体 爆发 报告要点： 2025 年 5 月 7 日市场全天高开后震荡回落，军工股集体爆发。上证指数 上涨 0.80%，深证成指上涨 0.22%，创业板指上涨 0.51%。市场成交额 14680.98 亿元，较上一交易日增加 1321.14 亿元。全市场 3336 只个股上涨， 1921 只个股下跌。 风格上看，各指数涨跌幅排序为：金融>稳定>周期>消费>成长>0；大盘 价值>大盘成长>中盘价值>小盘价值>中盘成长>小盘成长；中证全指表现优 于基金重仓。 分行业看，30 个中信一级行业普遍上涨；表现相对靠前的是：国防军工 （3.82%），银行（1.49%），房地产（1.12%）；表现相对靠后的是：综合金融 （-0.75%），传媒（-0.57%），计算机（-0.52%）。概念板块方面，多数概念 板块上涨，昨日连板_含一字、昨日涨停_含一字、昨日涨停等大幅上涨； CRO、CAR-T 细胞疗法、腾讯云等板块走低。 资金筹码方面，主力资金 5 月 7 日净流出 348.73 亿元 ...

美国财政部二季度预计借款5140亿美元，较2月预测数据涨超3倍 按此前公布的计划，美国财政部将在本周三公布最新的借款计划，但根据当地时间4月28日最新公布的申明来看，今年二季 度美国国债大概率将连续第五个季度维持拍卖规模的稳定。随着近期美国国债债务上限的临近，投资者的关注重点在于近期 的发行计划是否有可能出现调整。美国财政部目前预计，4月至6月期间的净借款将达到5140亿美元，远高于今年2月时预测 的1230亿美元。 此前，在美国财政部在2月份的预算会议上，美国财政部长贝森特曾预计未来几个季度的大部分债务发行计划将保持不变， 当时的决定曾令一些交易员感到意外，市场原本预计美国财政部将扩大较长期限债券的拍卖规模。当时，美国财政部预计3 月底的现金余额将为8500亿美元，然而实际状况远比预计的恶劣，其财政余额显示只有约4060亿美元。在债务上限的限制 下，美国政府无法发行新的净国债。美国财政部周一继续维持此前对6月底8500亿美元现金余额目标的预测，根据以往惯 例，美国财政部公布相关预测数据是已经提前假设债务上限届时能够得到解决。 4月27日，贝森特表示："我们的目标是维持美国债券市场是全球最安全、最健康的债市的 ...

据了解，当前债市交易员需同时追踪三大政策变量：其一，贸易保护主义与减税政策对脆弱经济增长的 叠加影响;其二，特朗普是否会再度威胁解雇美联储主席鲍威尔;其三，白宫是否会通过美元贬值转移债 务压力。 尽管摩根大通资产管理仍认为美债相对欧债更具配置价值，且本月30年期美债拍卖结果显示市场需求尚 未崩塌，但机构持仓策略已现明显分化。 其中，太平洋投资管理公司 (PIMCO)将本月美元、美国股市和美国国债三重疲软的走势比作新兴市场 可能出现的趋势，该公司一直在购买美国国债，但同时限制收益率曲线的波动幅度，目前青睐 5 至 10 年期的债券。 此外，先锋集团则认为长期债券中内置的额外保险还有进一步增加的空间，特别是如果联邦赤字扩大导 致债券发行量增加的话。 （原标题：国债市场步入 "新秩序"?特朗普政策变数推高长期美债风险溢价） 智通财经APP获悉，本月席卷全球债市的"抛售美债"浪潮，正对美国长期国债这一全球最大赤字融资工 具的根基造成冲击。在特朗普总统执政百日临近之际，其推行的贸易战、减税政策及反复无常的施政风 格，迫使债券投资者不得不重新评估美债的传统避险属性。 对此，布兰迪万全球投资管理公司630亿美元资产的掌舵人 ...