Core Viewpoints - The report utilizes a volume-price analysis framework to assess China's exports to the U.S. during the first round of trade friction and the impact of fentanyl tariffs, aiming to identify products with greater export resilience [3] - From a long-term perspective, technological barriers determine resilience, with high value-added products showing significant advantages. Industries with technological barriers and product differentiation exhibit stronger pricing power during long-term tariff impacts, creating a virtuous cycle of "volume and price increase + increased dependency." Recommended sectors include pharmaceuticals, electrical machinery and equipment, organic compounds, and aluminum products [3] - In the short term, the decline in exports is widespread, with more resilience reflected through re-export trade. Products with high import dependency from China show weak overseas substitution. The fentanyl tariff has caused a sharp decline in China's short-term exports to the U.S., with no significant differences among products of different natures. Products demonstrating export resilience through re-export trade include toys, furniture, footwear, glass products, miscellaneous non-ferrous metal products, and electrical machinery and equipment. Additionally, products with high import dependency from the U.S. show low overseas substitution rates, making it difficult for other countries to fill the demand gap. Attention should be paid to the replenishment demand from U.S. importers in high import dependency products, which may lead to export rebounds [3] Industry Analysis - Industries meeting all three criteria of long-term perspective, re-export trade, and high import dependency include electrical machinery and equipment. Industries meeting two criteria include organic compounds, miscellaneous products, and footwear. Industries meeting one criterion include pharmaceuticals, aluminum and its products, toys, furniture, glass products, miscellaneous non-ferrous metal products, knitted garments, and wooden products [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the resilience of China's foreign trade amidst unprecedented uncertainty caused by the "reciprocal tariff" policy implemented by the Trump administration, with a steady growth trend observed in the first five months of 2025 [1] Trade Performance - In the first five months of 2025, China's total goods trade value reached 17.94 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.5%, with May's trade value at 3.81 trillion yuan, up 2.7% year-on-year [1] - In May, China's export value was 2.28 trillion yuan, slightly up from 2.27 trillion yuan in April, with a year-on-year increase of 4.8% in USD terms, indicating strong economic resilience despite a decline in growth rate [1] Export Product Structure - The export product structure shows a divergence, with upstream raw materials, mobile phones, and home appliances experiencing weaker exports, while labor-intensive products like clothing, bags, and toys improved due to mature supply chains and production capabilities [2] - The export of electromechanical products remained robust, with integrated circuit exports showing significant growth, reflecting advancements in high-end manufacturing and industrial upgrades [2] Trade Partners - ASEAN, EU, and the US are the top three trading partners, with a decline in "rush exports" to emerging economies. Exports to the US decreased, with the share of US exports in China's total exports dropping from 10.46% in April to 9.12% in May [3] - Despite the decline in direct exports to the US, strong performance in exports to non-US countries has helped mitigate some of the impacts, with signs of recovery in exports to the US observed in late May [3] EU and Africa Trade - Exports to the EU grew by 12.02% year-on-year and 5.97% month-on-month in May, supported by marginal recovery in the Eurozone manufacturing sector [4] - Trade with Africa reached a historical high in the first five months, with exports to Africa increasing by 33.34% year-on-year, highlighting the importance of diversifying trade [4] Import Performance - In May, China's imports decreased by 3.4% year-on-year and 3% month-on-month, with a trade surplus of 103.22 billion USD. Imports from the US saw a significant decline due to tariff policies [5] - Imports from the EU showed improvement, recovering from a -16.5% decline in April to near 0 in May, reflecting deepening economic cooperation [5] - The decline in imports of major commodities like crude oil and iron ore indicates that domestic investment and industrial demand have not fully recovered, while imports of data processing equipment maintained high growth [5] Future Outlook - The article suggests that despite the complex global trade environment, China's foreign trade is expected to continue steady growth supported by ongoing policies aimed at stabilizing foreign trade [5]

Group 1 - The Shanghai Stock Exchange Science and Technology Innovation Board Composite Index (000680) decreased by 0.09% as of June 12, 2025 [3] - Among the constituent stocks, Luopute (688619) led with a rise of 19.98%, followed by Rongchang Bio (688331) with an increase of 16.80%, and Dadi Xiong (688077) up by 13.83% [3] - The ETF tracking the Science and Technology Innovation Board, Huaxia (589000), fell by 0.32%, with the latest price at 0.95 yuan and a turnover rate of 4.4%, totaling a transaction volume of 102 million yuan [3] Group 2 - After the Geneva meeting, a significant consensus on US-China tariffs was reached in mid-May, with expectations for an improvement in exports in June [4] - The impact of tariffs on trade is expected to weaken, and China can partially offset the negative effects of US tariffs through transshipment trade [4] - Despite a slight decline in overseas demand indicated by the global manufacturing PMI remaining in contraction for three consecutive months, the resilience of high-tech product exports is expected to support China's export momentum [4]

6月5日下午，我国商务部发言人在例行新闻发布会上表示，此次美方再一次提高钢铝及其衍生制品关税，不仅损 人害己，无助于维护产业安全，还将严重扰乱全球产业链供应链稳定。除此之外，加拿大、欧盟、日本等方面也 纷纷对该政策表示反对。那么，美国提升钢铁关税对我国的钢铁市场是否会造成影响？ 据海关发布的数据，2024年，我国累计出口钢材11071.6万吨，同比增长22.7%；累计进口钢材则为681.5万吨，同 比下降10.9%。同期，我国累计出口钢坯633.82万吨，同比增长93.28%；累计进口钢坯为178.4万吨，同比下降 45.38%。 而若将钢材折算成粗钢计算，粗钢净出口约1.13亿吨，同比增长31.5%，达到历史最高水平。不过，从数据占比上 来看，我国对美国钢材出口量占比较小。数据显示，2024年，我国对美国钢材的出口量仅为89.17万吨，占我国钢 材出口总量的0.81%。此外，美国国际贸易委员会发布的数据亦显示，美国在2024年进口价值1473亿美元的钢铝 产品，加拿大、墨西哥等则是其主要来源国。 兰格钢铁研究中心主任王国清对《华夏时报》记者表示，对于我国钢铁市场而言，钢铁直接出口美国影响有限。 但是，美国钢 ...

Export Data Summary - In May, China's exports amounted to $316.1 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 4.8%, down from 8.1% in the previous month[1] - Imports totaled $212.9 billion, showing a decline of 3.4%, compared to a previous decline of 0.2%[1] - The trade surplus reached $103.2 billion, an increase from $96.18 billion in the previous month[1] Trade Dynamics - Tariff fluctuations have disrupted global trade, contributing to the decline in export growth[1] - The "grab export" effect has provided some resilience, with container throughput increasing by 1.4% month-on-month and 6.5% year-on-year in May[1] - Exports to the U.S. saw a significant drop of 34.5% year-on-year, while exports to the EU increased by 12%[1][12] Sector Performance - Integrated circuits and automotive exports showed strong growth, with integrated circuits up 33.4% and automotive exports including chassis up 13.7%[3][19] - Labor-intensive product exports declined, with a notable drop in mobile phone exports by 23.2%[3][19] Future Outlook - The overall export growth for 2025 is projected to be around 1.5%, influenced by tariff impacts and global trade fragmentation[24] - Continued demand for Chinese products in ASEAN and EU markets is expected to support export resilience[25]

证券研究报告 | 2025年06月09日 进出口数据快评 出口仍然展现较强韧性 经济研究·宏观快评 | 证券分析师： | 邵兴宇 | 010-88005483 | shaoxingyu@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980523070001 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 证券分析师： | 董德志 | 021-60933158 | dongdz@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980513100001 | 事项： 6 月 9 日，海关总署数据显示，中国 5 月出口（以美元计价）同比增长 4.8%，进口同比下降 3.4%，贸易顺 差 1032.2 亿美元。 评论： 证券研究报告 图3：主要发达国家制造业景气度 图4：集装箱运价指数 出口仍然展现较强韧性 2025 年 5 月出口增速当月同比达到+4.8%，较 4 月+8.1%的水平继续回落。原因上看，关税带来的负面影响 逐步显现，5 月我国对美出口当月同比进一步下滑至-34.6%，对出口造成较大拖累，这也符合转口贸易抢 订单后逐步退潮的基本经验。但是，5 月在贸易形势面临较大压力的背景下仍然保 ...

Core Viewpoint - The resilience of Yiwu merchants is exemplified through their ability to adapt and learn from challenges, such as the ongoing trade tensions and tariff wars, showcasing the strength of China's foreign trade sector [1][8]. Group 1: Supply Chain and Market Adaptation - Yiwu's small accessory industry relies on over 100 upstream suppliers to ensure product quality and variety, highlighting the completeness of the supply chain as a significant advantage for domestic foreign trade enterprises [3][16]. - In response to the tariff war, Yiwu merchants have shifted from passive selling to actively reaching out to various clients, demonstrating a proactive approach to maintaining business [3][24]. - The trade network in Yiwu is characterized by a complex production, trade, and logistics system, making it a hub for international trade knowledge and practices [6][7]. Group 2: Impact of Tariff Wars - The recent tariff increases, particularly the 125% tariff on Chinese goods, have created significant challenges for Yiwu merchants, leading to a temporary decline in order volumes and cash flow issues [5][22]. - Despite initial anxiety, many merchants, including those like Xiao Xiangyong, believe that high tariffs will not last long due to the lack of viable alternatives to Chinese manufacturing [5][16]. - The tariff situation has prompted merchants to explore alternative trade routes, such as transshipment opportunities, to mitigate the impact of tariffs on their businesses [12][13]. Group 3: Strategic Shifts and Innovations - Merchants are increasingly recognizing the need for quality management and product development, moving away from the past reliance on sheer volume and low prices [18][30]. - The shift in market dynamics has led to a focus on domestic markets, with plans to increase domestic revenue significantly over the next few years [19][30]. - Yiwu merchants are also leveraging social media and other platforms to attract new customers and adapt their product offerings to meet changing market demands [24][25]. Group 4: Resilience and Future Outlook - The experiences of Yiwu merchants during past crises, such as the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, have equipped them with the resilience to navigate current challenges [30][31]. - Observations indicate that after the recent tariff tensions, there has been a swift return of orders from the U.S., with Yiwu businesses entering a "catch-up" mode to fulfill demand [32]. - The future strategy for Yiwu enterprises includes diversifying markets, enhancing technological capabilities, and increasing product value to remain competitive in a changing global landscape [32].

Group 1 - The article discusses the impact of the US-China tariff war on international trade, particularly focusing on the experiences of businesses in Yiwu, China [2][8][36] - Yiwu has developed a complex production, trade, and logistics network, making it a significant hub for small commodity exports to over 230 countries [6][8] - Business owners in Yiwu, like Xiao Xiangyong, have shown resilience and adaptability in response to changing trade conditions, including the recent tariff increases [7][11][19] Group 2 - The article highlights the proactive strategies adopted by Yiwu merchants to mitigate the effects of high tariffs, such as seeking alternative markets and adjusting pricing strategies [12][14][26] - The tariff situation has led to a significant drop in order volumes, with some businesses reporting a 30% reduction in foreign trade orders [14][22] - Despite challenges, Yiwu merchants are exploring new opportunities, including domestic market expansion and product innovation, to sustain their businesses [20][36][37] Group 3 - The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining a robust supply chain, as many Yiwu businesses rely on over 100 upstream suppliers to ensure product quality and variety [18] - The experiences of Yiwu merchants during the tariff war reflect broader trends in international trade, where adaptability and strategic planning are crucial for survival [19][31] - The article concludes with a call for Yiwu businesses to diversify their markets and enhance product value to remain competitive in a changing global landscape [36][37]

Group 1 - The external environment is a significant variable affecting China's macroeconomic trends, with uncertainties stemming from U.S. policies and their global implications [1] - Domestic new growth drivers are accumulating, becoming the core strength for China's economy to navigate through cycles, while the real estate market has emerged from its low point, though uncertainties remain regarding its recovery timing [1] - A combination of proactive fiscal policies and moderately loose monetary policies has quickly boosted domestic demand, but the effectiveness of extraordinary measures in countering debt-deflation and balance sheet contraction effects is still under observation [1] Group 2 - The direct impact of external environmental changes has not been as severe as anticipated, with actual market performance differing from many market participants' predictions [2] - China's export resilience to the U.S. has exceeded expectations, with limited decline in export growth despite high tariffs and a high base from the previous year [2] - The intensity of re-export trade has also surpassed expectations, with significant growth in exports to ASEAN and Latin America, effectively offsetting declines in exports to the U.S. [2] - Exports to countries and regions outside the U.S. and major re-export markets have shown unexpected growth, indicating that domestic exporters are actively seeking new markets [2] - The outcomes of tariff negotiations have also exceeded expectations, contributing positively to the overall trade environment [2]

Summary of Conference Call Notes Industry Overview - The conference call focuses on the port shipping industry, particularly the impact of US-China tariff adjustments on export volumes and market dynamics [1][4][5]. Key Points and Arguments 1. **Impact of Tariffs on Export Volumes** - Initial US-China tariff increases led to a significant reduction in container export volumes to the US, with declines ranging from 30% to 50% [1][4]. - Despite this, overall financial export amounts and port throughput remained positive due to preemptive shipping activities [1][4]. 2. **Regional Differences in Impact** - Northern ports were more adversely affected than southern ports, primarily due to differences in export product structures, with northern exports being more reliant on low-value raw materials [1][7][8]. 3. **Response of Shipping Companies** - Shipping companies adjusted capacity by skipping ports and reducing service frequency to maintain load factors and freight rates, with some capacity redirected to European and South American routes [1][9][13]. 4. **Market Reactions to Tariff Adjustments** - Following tariff reductions, there was a surge in inquiries and bookings from US importers, indicating a positive outlook for export volumes [1][12][14]. - By the end of May, US shipping capacity was nearly fully booked, supporting an increase in freight rates [1][14]. 5. **Future Market Outlook** - The sustainability of the current shipping market conditions will depend on tariff policy expectations in the next 90 days, influencing whether companies will continue large-scale production and exports [2][15][17]. - The upcoming holiday season is traditionally a peak period, and companies are preparing for increased orders and production [15]. 6. **Transshipment Trade Performance** - Transshipment trade remained stable, with no significant increase in shipping rates on Southeast Asian routes, as companies were cautious due to origin policy risks [1][10]. 7. **Long-term Industry Trends** - Tariff tensions may drive growth in Southeast Asian markets, as companies adapt their overseas production capabilities to mitigate impacts [16]. - The structural growth trend in container shipping markets is expected to continue, driven by shifts in production and supply chains [16]. Other Important Insights - The conference highlighted the importance of monitoring policy changes and market indicators to assess the ongoing impact of tariffs on the shipping industry [6][17]. - The differences in export product structures between northern and southern ports were emphasized as a critical factor in understanding regional impacts [7][8]. - The call also noted that large retailers operating under FOB terms showed resilience, continuing exports despite tariff increases [17].