Report Industry Investment Rating - The rating for Treasury bonds is "oscillation" [5] Core Viewpoints of the Report - In the current round of trade frictions, the probability of the US making concessions is higher, but the process is full of twists and turns. The impact of recent trade conflicts on risk appetite is not one - way. The Fourth Plenary Session may affect market risk appetite. If policies are positive, it may impact the bond market. Economic data is weak, which is favorable for the bond market, but policy may cause disturbances [2] - In terms of strategies, for the next week, short - term trading should adopt a cautious approach; the short - hedge strategy should be on the sidelines; and the curve - flattening strategy can be considered if optimistic about the bond market [2] Summary by Directory 1. One - Week Review and Views 1.1 This Week's Trend Review - From October 13th to 19th, Treasury bond futures fluctuated upwards. By the close on October 17th, the settlement prices of the main contracts of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year Treasury bond futures were 102.378, 105.775, 108.265, and 115.730 yuan respectively, up 0.006, 0.060, 0.165, and 1.250 yuan from last weekend [1][11][32] 1.2 Next Week's Views - Sino - US trade relations, the Fourth Plenary Session, and economic data will affect the bond market. Short - term trading should be cautious. The US is more likely to make concessions in trade frictions, but there are twists. The Fourth Plenary Session may affect market risk appetite. Economic data is weak, favorable for the bond market, but policies may cause disturbances [2][14][15] 2. Weekly Observation of Interest - Rate Bonds 2.1 Primary Market - This week, 47 interest - rate bonds were issued, with a total issuance of 450.661 billion yuan and a net financing of 2.0189 billion yuan. 21 local government bonds were issued, with a total issuance of 32.301 billion yuan and a net financing of - 1.9781 billion yuan. 563 inter - bank certificates of deposit were issued, with a total issuance of 729.53 billion yuan and a net financing of 224.66 billion yuan [20] 2.2 Secondary Market - As of October 17th, most Treasury bond yields declined. The 10Y - 1Y, 10Y - 5Y, and 30Y - 10Y spreads narrowed. The yields of 1 - year, 5 - year, and 10 - year CDB bonds also changed [24] 3. Treasury Bond Futures 3.1 Price, Trading Volume, and Open Interest - By the close on October 17th, the settlement prices of the main contracts of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year Treasury bond futures increased. The trading volumes and open interests of different - term Treasury bond futures also changed compared to last week [32][35] 3.2 Basis and IRR - Relevant data on the IRR and basis of the CTD bonds of Treasury bond futures are presented in the charts, but specific data is not elaborated in the text [37] 3.3 Inter - Delivery and Inter - Variety Spreads - As of October 17th, the inter - delivery spreads of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year Treasury bond futures contracts changed compared to last weekend [42] 4. Weekly Observation of the Funding Situation - This week, the central bank's open - market operations resulted in a net withdrawal of funds. Repo trading volume decreased, and funding rates declined [46][49][50] 5. Weekly Overseas Observation - The US dollar index weakened slightly, and the 10Y US Treasury yield declined slightly. Sino - US trade conflicts escalated, and US regional banks' problems led to a decline in market risk appetite [55] 6. Weekly Observation of High - Frequency Inflation Data - This week, industrial product prices fell across the board, while agricultural product prices showed mixed trends [59] 7. Investment Recommendations - Due to many uncertainties next week, short - term trading should adopt a cautious approach [2][60]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core View of the Report - The possibility of a trend - weakening in the bond market is low, and yields are expected to maintain a high - level oscillation pattern. It is recommended to stay on the sidelines for unilateral trading [2] 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Market Factors - **Liduo Factors**: The capital market is balanced and slightly loose, with the central bank's net injection supporting market liquidity. After the bond market became desensitized to the stock market, it generally rose. The marginal weakening of economic data and the continuation of supply - demand contradictions provide core support for the bond market [2] - **Likong Factors**: The issuance of 50 - year ultra - long - term special treasury bonds was poor, triggering market concerns. Strong overseas risk appetite put pressure on the bond market [2] 3.2 Market Data - **Yield**: Data on 2Y, 5Y, 7Y, 10Y, and 30Y treasury bond yields from 2024/04 to 2025/08 are presented [3] - **Funding Rate**: Data on deposit - type institutional pledged repurchase weighted average rates (1 - day and 7 - day) and 7 - day reverse repurchase rates from 2023/12 to 2025/06 are presented [3] - **Term Spread**: Data on treasury bond term spreads (7Y - 2Y and 30Y - 7Y) from 2024/04 to 2025/08 are presented [4][5] - **Futures Position and Trading Volume**: Data on the positions and trading volumes of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures are presented [7][8] - **Futures Basis**: Data on the basis of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures' current - quarter contracts are presented [9][11][12][14] - **Futures Inter - period Spread**: Data on the inter - period spreads (current - quarter minus next - quarter) of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures are presented [18][20] - **Futures Inter - variety Spread**: Data on the inter - variety spreads (TS*4 - T and T*3 - TL) of treasury bond futures are presented [21][22]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints - In September 2025, financial data was neutral, continuing the trend of "weak credit and rising M1 year-on-year". Affected by the base effect, the year-on-year growth rate of social financing is expected to decline. The "deposit relocation" process needs further verification, and the bond market is expected to be mainly volatile [6][30]. Summary by Directory 1. Financial Data Review - **Social Financing**: In September 2025, the year-on-year growth rate of social financing declined slightly to 8.68%. The government bond's driving effect on social financing weakened due to the misaligned issuance rhythm and high base from the previous year. Excluding government bonds, the year-on-year growth rate of social financing was 5.94% [4][10]. - **Money Supply**: M1 continued its high - growth trend, with a year-on-year growth rate of 7.2% in September, up 1.2 percentage points from the previous month. The year-on-year gap between M1 and M2 widened to -1.2%. The growth was driven by a low base last year and increased fiscal spending [5][17]. - **Credit**: The total credit was slightly weak and structurally differentiated. In September, new RMB loans were 129 billion yuan, slightly lower than expected. Corporate short - term loans expanded, while resident credit was weak. Resident short - term loans increased less year - on - year, and the personal consumption loan discount policy's effect was not fully shown. Resident long - term loans increased year - on - year due to housing policy optimization and the sales season. Overall, the credit data showed that policy guidance was effective in some areas, but enterprise long - term investment willingness and resident consumption credit recovery were still constraints [20][21]. - **Deposit**: In September, RMB deposit data showed structural differentiation. Resident deposits increased significantly, while non - banking financial institution deposits decreased. This was affected by seasonal factors and the high base from the previous year, and the "deposit relocation" trend needs further verification [27]. 2. Financial Data and Bond Market Outlook - The financial data in September was neutral, and the bond market is expected to improve slightly in the fourth quarter but remain a weak asset, mainly volatile. Investors should focus on four short - term disturbance factors: tariff trends, fund sales fee rate adjustments, inflation trends, and equity market performance [30].

1. Report Information - Report Name: Treasury Bond Daily Report [1] - Date: October 17, 2025 [2] - Research Team: Macro Finance Team [4] - Researchers: He Zhuoqiao, Huang Wenxin, Nie Jiayi [3] 2. Core View - In October, the bond market may face a dilemma of more negatives than positives. Negatives include the 14th Five - Year Plan and fiscal stimulus boosting credit expansion expectations, intensifying anti - inefficiency efforts, and market waiting for the official implementation of the public fund new regulations. Positives may include economic slowdown boosting easing expectations, lower - than - expected fiscal stimulus, and the central bank restarting bond purchases. Currently, short - term monetary easing is unlikely. Overall, in October, the bond market may stabilize after risk clearing, but a rebound may require a resurgence of easing expectations, and it is recommended to wait patiently for better bond allocation opportunities, possibly in the second half of Q4 [11][12] 3. Summary by Section 3.1 Market Review and Operation Suggestions - **Market Condition**: With little change in fundamentals and funding, the stock - bond seesaw continued. The decline of A - shares boosted long - term bonds, and most treasury bond futures closed higher [8] - **Interest Rate Bonds**: Yields of major inter - bank interest rate bonds fluctuated narrowly. The medium - and long - term yields declined within 1bp. By 16:30, the yield of the 10 - year treasury bond active bond 250011 was 1.754%, down 0.45bp [9] - **Funding Market**: At the beginning of the month, funds were stable and loose. There were 612 billion yuan of reverse repurchases due, and the central bank injected 236 billion yuan, resulting in a net withdrawal of 376 billion yuan. The inter - bank funding sentiment index was stable, short - term funding rates fluctuated narrowly, the 7 - day rate rose 0.55bp to 1.4225%, and the 1 - year AAA certificate of deposit rate rose 2bp to 1.65% [10] 3.2 Industry News - **Sino - US Trade**: The US said whether to impose 100% tariffs on China depends on China's actions. The Chinese Foreign Ministry urged the US to correct its wrong practices. China opposes the EU's protectionist and discriminatory practices on technology transfer [13] - **China's Financial Data**: In September, M2 increased 8.4% year - on - year, M1 increased 7.2% year - on - year, and the M1 - M2 gap hit a new low this year. In the first three quarters, RMB loans increased by 14.75 trillion yuan, and the cumulative increase in social financing was 30.09 trillion yuan, 4.42 trillion yuan more than the same period last year. China's foreign trade maintained growth, with the import and export value in Q3 increasing by 6% year - on - year and 8% in September [14] - **Rare Earth and Other News**: China's export control measures on rare earths are in line with international practices. The US may extend the tariff suspension period in exchange for China delaying rare earth export controls. US President Trump will visit Japan at the end of October and then attend the APEC meeting in South Korea [15] 3.3 Data Overview - **Treasury Bond Futures**: It includes information on treasury bond futures trading data, main contract inter - period spreads, inter - variety spreads (2 - year vs 30 - year, 10 - year, 5 - year; 5 - year vs 30 - year, 10 - year; 10 - year vs 30 - year), and main contract trends [6][16][17] - **Money Market**: It shows data on inter - bank pledged repo weighted rates, SHIBOR term structure and trends [25][28][33] - **Derivatives Market**: It presents Shibor3M and FR007 interest rate swap fixed - rate curves (mean) [37][38]

Report Title - Low inflation is gradually improving - Commentary on September CPI and PPI [1][5] Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided Core Viewpoints - In September 2025, the overall price level stabilized. Core CPI continued to improve, supported by services and industrial consumer goods, while food and carry - over factors dragged down the overall CPI, with pork prices being the main drag. PPI was stable month - on - month, due to the obvious improvement in upstream industries and the low - base effect. The prices of upstream mining and raw material industries stabilized and rebounded first, while the prices of mid - and downstream industries were still under pressure. The sustainability of the rebound in industrial product prices still needs to be observed. In the fourth quarter, prices may continue to improve moderately, but the recovery strength is expected to be weak. It is expected that the bond market will perform better in Q4 than in Q3, and it is recommended to actively allocate 10 - year treasury bond active bonds when the yield is above 1.75% [2][8] Summary by Related Content Event Description - In September 2025, the domestic price level was generally stable. Core inflation continued to recover, and the performance of the upstream and mid - stream industries of PPI continued to diverge. CPI decreased by 0.3% year - on - year, but core CPI (excluding food and energy) increased by 1.0% year - on - year, with the increase expanding for the fifth consecutive month. PPI decreased by 2.3% year - on - year and remained flat month - on - month. Month - on - month, CPI rose 0.1% from being flat last month, and PPI remained flat for two consecutive months, both basically in line with seasonal levels [5] Event Review - **Core CPI Improvement**: In September, core CPI increased by 1.0% year - on - year, with the increase expanding for the fifth consecutive month, returning to the "1 era" for the first time in nearly 19 months. The support came from two aspects: strong resilience in service consumption, with service prices rising 0.6% year - on - year (medical services and household services rising 1.9% and 1.6% respectively); the price of industrial consumer goods recovered driven by policies such as "trade - in" and "anti - involution", with the price of industrial consumer goods excluding energy rising 1.8% year - on - year, and categories such as household appliances and communication tools rising significantly. The increase in international gold prices also drove up the price of gold jewelry by 42.1% year - on - year [8] - **CPI Drag Factors**: In September, CPI decreased by 0.3% year - on - year, with the decline narrowing by 0.1 pct compared to last month. Food prices decreased by 4.4% year - on - year, affecting CPI to decrease by about 0.83 pct. Low pork prices were the core drag, with a year - on - year decline of 17.0%. The year - on - year decline of fresh vegetables and eggs exceeded 13%, but there was improvement month - on - month. Month - on - month, food prices rose seasonally by 0.7%, but the sufficient supply of pork and aquatic products drove prices down by 0.7% and 1.8% respectively. The carry - over factor was about - 0.8 pct, which was also the main reason why CPI year - on - year did not turn positive [8] - **PPI Stabilization**: In September, PPI decreased by 2.3% year - on - year, with the decline narrowing by 0.6 pct, and remained flat month - on - month for two consecutive months. The improvement in production material prices was the core driver, with prices in industries such as coal processing, coal mining and washing, and ferrous metal smelting rising by 3.8%, 2.5%, and 0.2% respectively month - on - month, and having maintained growth for two consecutive months. However, the prices of consumer goods were still weak, with the price of durable consumer goods decreasing by 3.9% year - on - year, in contrast to the recovery of industrial products in CPI. Input factors dragged down the prices of petroleum - related industries [8] - **Industry Price Differentiation**: The prices of upstream mining and raw material industries stabilized and rebounded first, while the prices of mid - and downstream industries were still under pressure, indicating that the foundation for demand recovery was not solid, and the sustainability of the rebound in industrial product prices still needed to be observed. Mid - and downstream manufacturing industries showed weakness, with negative month - on - month growth in industries such as the automobile manufacturing, rubber and plastic products, and pharmaceutical manufacturing industries [8] - **Outlook**: The continuous recovery of core CPI and the pull of new price - increasing factors may indicate certain resilience in domestic demand. The focus in the future is whether the recovery of core inflation can continue and whether the improvement in upstream prices can be smoothly transmitted to the mid - and downstream, driving the overall price level to rise moderately. In the fourth quarter, prices may continue to improve moderately, supported by the weakening of the carry - over factor and the stabilization of some upstream prices driven by policies such as capacity governance, but the recovery strength is expected to be weak [8]

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content Core Viewpoints - The bond market is affected by the stock market rebound driven by tariff black swan events, with a decline in risk appetite. The continuous expectation of Fed rate cuts and rising global trade uncertainties increase the uncertainty of foreign capital inflows. The bond market oscillates between stable growth and easing expectations, and short - term attention should be paid to policy signals at the end of the month [3][4] Summary by Directory 1. Interest Rate Pricing Tracking Indicators - Price indicators: China's monthly CPI has a 0.10% month - on - month increase and a - 0.30% year - on - year decrease; China's monthly PPI has a 0.00% month - on - month change and a - 2.30% year - on - year decrease [9] - Monthly updated economic indicators: Social financing scale is 437.08 trillion yuan, with a 3.42 - trillion - yuan month - on - month increase and a 0.79% increase rate; M2 year - on - year is 8.40%, with a 0.40% month - on - month decrease and a 4.55% decrease rate; Manufacturing PMI is 49.80%, with a 0.40% month - on - month increase and a 0.81% increase rate [10] - Daily updated economic indicators: The US dollar index is 98.68, with a 0.36 point month - on - month decrease and a 0.36% decrease rate; The offshore US dollar to RMB exchange rate is 7.1274, with a 0.015 point month - on - month decrease and a 0.21% decrease rate; SHIBOR 7 - day is 1.41, with a 0.01 point month - on - month decrease and a 0.63% decrease rate; DR007 is 1.42, with a 0.01 point month - on - month decrease and a 1.01% decrease rate; R007 is 1.53, with a 0.02 point month - on - month increase and a 1.49% increase rate; The 3 - month inter - bank certificate of deposit (AAA) is 1.59, with a 0.01 point month - on - month decrease and a 0.38% decrease rate; The AA - AAA credit spread (1Y) is 0.09, with a 0.00 point month - on - month increase and a 0.38% decrease rate [10] 2. Overview of Treasury Bonds and Treasury Bond Futures Market - Not elaborated in detail in the text, only mentions related charts such as the closing price trend of the main continuous contract of treasury bond futures, the price change rate of each variety of treasury bond futures, the precipitation fund trend of each variety of treasury bond futures, etc [12][16][25] 3. Overview of the Money Market Funding Situation - The text mentions related charts such as the Shibor interest rate trend, the maturity yield trend of inter - bank certificates of deposit (AAA), the bank - to - bank pledged repurchase transaction statistics, and the local bond issuance situation [26] 4. Spread Overview - The text mentions related charts such as the inter - period spread trend of each variety of treasury bond futures and the term spread of spot bonds and the cross - variety spread of futures [26] 5. Two - Year Treasury Bond Futures - The text mentions related charts such as the implied interest rate of the main contract of two - year treasury bond futures and the maturity yield of treasury bonds, the IRR of the TS main contract and the funding rate, the three - year basis trend of the TS main contract, and the three - year net basis trend of the TS main contract [30][33][41] 6. Five - Year Treasury Bond Futures - The text mentions related charts such as the implied interest rate of the main contract of five - year treasury bond futures and the maturity yield of treasury bonds, the IRR of the TF main contract and the funding rate, the three - year basis trend of the TF main contract, and the three - year net basis trend of the TF main contract [43][50] 7. Ten - Year Treasury Bond Futures - The text mentions related charts such as the implied yield of the main contract of ten - year treasury bond futures and the maturity yield of treasury bonds, the IRR of the T main contract and the funding rate, the three - year basis trend of the T main contract, and the three - year net basis trend of the T main contract [51][52] 8. Thirty - Year Treasury Bond Futures - The text mentions related charts such as the implied yield of the main contract of thirty - year treasury bond futures and the maturity yield of treasury bonds, the IRR of the TL main contract and the funding rate, the three - year basis trend of the TL main contract, and the three - year net basis trend of the TL main contract [58][60][64]

Core Viewpoint - The recent shift in investment from bond funds to equity funds is driven by the "see-saw" effect, leading to significant redemptions in bond funds and a temporary improvement in market sentiment, suggesting potential trading opportunities in the bond market [1][2][3] Group 1: Market Trends - Equity funds have seen an average return of over 26% this year, while bond funds have only achieved an average return of 1.73%, indicating a strong preference for equities over bonds [2] - Recent data shows that several bond funds experienced net outflows exceeding 10 billion yuan, with notable funds like Hai Fu Tong and Da Cheng facing significant redemptions [2] - In contrast, multiple equity funds attracted over 50 billion yuan in inflows, highlighting a robust demand for equity investments [2] Group 2: Bond Market Analysis - The bond market is experiencing a phase of emotional recovery, with a recommendation for investors to adjust their positions cautiously and avoid chasing high prices [1][3] - The recent monetary policy environment is characterized by a net liquidity injection from the central bank, which may support the bond market [3] - Analysts suggest that external factors, such as potential monetary easing or overseas shocks, could influence the bond market's performance moving forward [3] Group 3: Investment Strategies - Investment strategies in the bond market should focus on taking profits during the current recovery phase, with a cautious approach recommended for high-risk assets [3] - The upcoming implementation of new redemption fee regulations for bond funds is expected to impact market dynamics, particularly in the credit bond sector [3] - Short-term strategies may involve leveraging and adjusting positions in high-certainty short-term bonds, while maintaining a cautious stance on credit bonds [3]

宏观面：（1）宏观政策：2025年8月1日，财政部与税务总局发布公告称，自2025年8月8日起，对在该日及以后新 发行的国债、地方政府债券和金融债券的利息收入将恢复征收增值税。此前已发行的上述债券（包括8月8日后续 发行的部分）仍享受免征增值税政策，直至到期；关税方面，中美发布斯德哥尔摩经贸会谈联合声明，自2025年8 月12日起再次暂停实施24%的关税90天；国务院第九次全体会议强调，采取有力措施巩固房地产市场止跌回稳态势， 培育壮大服务消费，加力扩大有效投资；9月10日，财政部长明确表示，"持续发力、适时加力实施更加积极有为 的宏观政策"；发改委也表示"不断释放内需潜力" 和 "推进重点行业产能治理"；10月8 日，美方将多家中国实体 列入出口管制清单并征收特别港务费，10月10 日，交通运输部发布关于对美船舶收取船舶特别港务费的公告。（2） 通胀：8月CPI同比下降0.4%。 资金面：（3）财政：8月末，M2同比增长8.8%，M1同比回升至6%，剪刀差连续收窄，显示资金活性增强，企业经 营活力改善。前八个月人民币贷款增加13.46万亿元，社融增量累计26.56万亿元，政府债券融资占比高企，反映企 业中长 ...

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information about the industry investment rating in the provided content. 2. Core Viewpoints - A-share market's intraday adjustment boosts risk aversion, leading to a full - scale rise in Treasury bond futures. Bank - to - bank major - term spot - rate Treasury bond yields mostly decline slightly, and the money market remains stable and loose at the beginning of the month. The bond market sentiment is still weak due to various negative factors, but it may stabilize in October after risk clearance. The counter - offensive phase may require a resurgence of easing expectations, and it is advisable to wait patiently for better bond - market allocation opportunities, which may appear in the middle to late fourth quarter [8][9][10][11][12]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Market Review and Operation Suggestions - **Market Conditions**: A - share's intraday adjustment boosts risk aversion, and Treasury bond futures rise across the board. Bank - to - bank major - term spot - rate Treasury bond yields mostly decline slightly, with the 10 - year Treasury bond active bond 250011 yield dropping 0.7bp to 1.754% by 16:30. The money market is stable and loose at the beginning of the month. The central bank conducts a net injection of 91 billion yuan, short - term money rates mostly fall, and the 1 - year AAA certificate of deposit rate rises slightly [8][9][10]. - **Conclusion**: In October, the bond market may face more negatives than positives. However, it may enter a window period for risk clearance after negative factors are realized and is expected to stabilize. The counter - offensive may require a resurgence of easing expectations, and it is recommended to wait for better bond - market allocation opportunities, which may occur in the middle to late fourth quarter [11][12]. 3.2 Industry News - China officially imposes special port fees on US ships starting today. - Trump hints at canceling new tariffs on China. - China's total goods trade imports and exports in the first three quarters reach 33.61 trillion yuan, a 4% year - on - year increase, with accelerating quarterly growth. - The 2025 Financial Street Forum Annual Conference will be held from October 27th to 30th. - The issuance of the 1.3 - trillion - yuan ultra - long - term special Treasury bonds in 2025 is successfully completed [13][14]. 3.3 Data Overview - **Treasury Bond Futures**: It includes data on Treasury bond futures trading, such as contract prices, trading volumes, and open interests. It also involves data on the spreads between different Treasury bond futures contracts (inter - term and inter - variety spreads) and the trends of major Treasury bond futures contracts [6]. - **Money Market**: It presents data on the money market, including the changes in the weighted average rates of inter - bank pledged repurchase and the trends of SHIBOR [24][32]. - **Derivatives Market**: It shows the average curves of Shibor3M and FR007 interest - rate swaps [36].

Core Viewpoint - The recent volatility in the government bond futures market is influenced by various factors, including rising market risk aversion due to trade tensions, changes in monetary policy expectations, and uncertainties in the economic fundamentals of China [1][2]. Group 1: Market Influences - The increase in market risk aversion is primarily driven by escalating trade frictions, which have heightened the demand for safe-haven assets [1]. - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has engaged in significant monetary operations, including a 1.1 trillion yuan reverse repurchase operation, which has raised expectations for continued monetary easing [1]. - The manufacturing PMI for September remains in contraction territory, indicating ongoing uncertainties in China's economic recovery, although there is optimism regarding technology-led growth [1]. Group 2: Regulatory and Economic Factors - The release of the draft regulation on the management of public fund sales fees has introduced new uncertainties, leading some institutions to preemptively sell off assets, which has pressured the market [1]. - The strong performance of the stock market in September has also exerted some downward pressure on the bond market [1]. Group 3: Future Outlook - The bond market's future performance will depend on the development of trade tensions; a short-lived escalation may not significantly alter monetary policy expectations [2]. - The upcoming Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is crucial, as any signals regarding economic stability could impact market confidence [2][3]. - Continuous monitoring of supply-demand dynamics in the bond market and changes in liquidity conditions is essential [3].