10月7日，高市早苗的核心经济顾问、前"安倍经济学"主要设计者本田悦朗公开表示，日本央行在10月 加息"可能较为困难"，建议将加息时点推迟至12月。作为前首相安倍晋三的政治门生，高市早苗长期倡 导宽松货币政策，其政策理念深受"安倍经济学"影响。本田悦朗透露，高市早苗希望央行在加息问题 上"保持谨慎"，尽管她尚未提出具体时间表。 高市早苗预计将于10月15日前后经国会投票正式出任日本首相，成为该国历史上首位女性首相。其意外 胜出——此前市场更看好小泉进次郎——促使金融市场迅速重估政策前景。在"更多财政刺激"与"央行 加息节奏放缓"的双重预期推动下，日经225指数周一盘中创下历史新高，美元兑日元亦突破150关键关 口。 2013年日本政府与央行达成的联合声明，为长达十余年的超宽松货币政策提供理论基础，至今仍具效 力。高市早苗胜选后表示将重新审视该协议是否仍为"最佳形式"，但本田悦朗建议"不必急于修改"，并 指出一旦进入审议阶段，包括2%通胀目标在内的内容"也可能被修订"。 新华财经北京10月10日电 亚洲交易时段，美元兑日元一度升至153.27。自4月底触及139.88的阶段性低 点以来，该货币对累计反弹逾7.5 ...

Core Insights - Japan's exports fell by 2.6% year-on-year in July, marking the third consecutive month of negative growth, exceeding economists' forecast of a 2.1% decline [1] - Imports decreased by 7.5% year-on-year, but the decline was less than the expected 10.4%, resulting in a trade deficit of 117.5 billion yen (approximately 79.55 million USD) for the month, contrary to the anticipated surplus of 196.2 billion yen [1] - The persistent weakness in exports reflects the ongoing pressure from U.S. tariffs on global trade, impacting Japan's export-oriented economy, particularly in key sectors like automotive and electronics [1] Trade Dynamics - The dual pressures of tightening credit from ongoing interest rate hikes by central banks in the U.S. and Europe, along with the rise of manufacturing in emerging markets in Southeast Asia, are leading to a diversion of orders away from Japan [1] - The resilience in import data highlights structural contradictions within the Japanese economy, where the depreciation of the yen has increased cross-border procurement costs for companies, despite a decline in energy prices alleviating some cost pressures [1] Economic Implications - The imbalance in trade, characterized by "more imports than exports," exacerbates the risk of depleting foreign exchange reserves [1] - Analysts suggest that if the trade deficit persists, the Bank of Japan may be compelled to extend its ultra-loose monetary policy, further delaying the normalization of the yen, which could increase living cost pressures for households already struggling with inflation [2]

Core Viewpoint - Goldman Sachs suggests that the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will likely choose to gradually sell its ETF holdings in the market rather than transferring them to the government when it decides to reduce its ETF holdings [1] Group 1: Background and Context - The BOJ began purchasing ETFs in 2010 as part of its ultra-loose monetary policy aimed at revitalizing the sluggish economy, a practice that has continued for 13 years [1] - Although the BOJ stopped purchasing ETFs last year, it has not yet announced when or how it will dispose of its approximately 37 trillion yen (about 252 billion USD) in ETF assets, which have a market value of around 70 trillion yen [1] Group 2: Principles for Asset Disposal - The BOJ has stated that it will base its decision to reduce these assets on three principles: selling at an appropriate price, avoiding losses for the central bank, and minimizing market disruption during the sale [1] - Goldman Sachs indicates that a method to satisfy these three conditions may involve gradually selling small amounts of ETFs in the open market [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of Japan is gradually reducing its bond purchases, transitioning from an ultra-loose monetary policy to a more market-driven approach, while maintaining a policy interest rate of 0.5% [1][2]. Group 1: Monetary Policy Adjustments - The Bank of Japan decided to continue reducing its purchases of Japanese government bonds, decreasing the quarterly reduction from 4 trillion yen to 2 trillion yen starting in April 2026 [1]. - By March 2026, the monthly bond purchase amount will decrease from 5.7 trillion yen to 2.9 trillion yen, with further reductions planned for 2027 [1][2]. - The central bank will retain the flexibility to increase bond purchases if there is a surge in interest rates, with evaluations scheduled for June 2026 [1]. Group 2: Bond Holdings and Market Impact - Since the initiation of the ultra-loose monetary policy in 2013, the Bank of Japan has accumulated approximately 560 trillion yen in government bonds, representing 52% of the issuance balance [2]. - The central bank plans to phase out bond purchases to avoid market disruption, with expectations that bond holdings will decrease by 16-17% by March 2027 compared to June 2024 [2]. - To enhance liquidity in the bond market, the Bank of Japan has relaxed conditions for financial institutions to purchase bonds directly without returning them [2]. Group 3: Economic Considerations - The impact of U.S. tariff policies has not yet shown significant negative effects on Japan's economic statistics, but the Bank of Japan is closely monitoring potential adverse effects on wage growth and capital investment [3].

Group 1 - The article highlights the recent surge in the 30-year U.S. Treasury yield surpassing 5%, attributed to Moody's downgrade of the U.S. credit rating from Aa3 to Aa1, leading to market concerns over U.S. fiscal stability [1] - The U.S. government is pushing for a tax reform bill that aims to extend significant tax cuts from Trump's first term, potentially reducing taxes by over $4 trillion and cutting at least $1.5 trillion in spending over the next decade, which is expected to further impact U.S. Treasury sales [2] - The combination of tariff and tax policies is raising concerns about the stability of the U.S. economy, prompting investors to express their apprehensions through the sale of U.S. Treasuries [2] Group 2 - The deterioration of the U.S. fiscal situation and increased economic uncertainty are leading sovereign funds and large investors to replace U.S. Treasuries with other safe-haven assets, which could raise U.S. financing costs and exacerbate the fiscal deficit [3] - Japan, as the largest holder of U.S. Treasuries, is experiencing a rapid rise in its own bond yields, indicating a potential loss of confidence in both U.S. and Japanese government bonds, which could destabilize the global safe-haven asset market [3] - The era of ultra-loose monetary policy in both the U.S. and Japan may be coming to an end, which could have significant repercussions for global capital markets and real economies, potentially affecting external demand and exports from countries like China [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the recent downgrade of the US credit rating by Moody's has reignited concerns over US fiscal issues, leading to increased selling of US Treasury bonds [1][2] - The US government is pushing for a tax reform plan that aims to extend significant tax cuts from the Trump administration, which could result in over $4 trillion in tax cuts and at least $1.5 trillion in spending cuts over the next decade [2] - The combination of tariff policies and tax cuts is expected to impact the stability of the US economy and create unpredictable shocks to the financial system, prompting investors to express their concerns through the sale of US Treasuries [2] Group 2 - The deterioration of the US fiscal situation and increased economic uncertainty are causing sovereign funds and large investors to replace US Treasuries with other safe-haven assets, which may raise US financing costs and worsen the fiscal deficit [3] - The rise in US Treasury yields has not led to an increase in the dollar's value, indicating a continued outflow of long-term capital from the US [3] - Japan's bond market is also experiencing rising yields, with recent auctions for 30-year and 40-year bonds facing a lack of buyers, suggesting a failure of the yield curve control mechanism [3] Group 3 - The era of ultra-loose monetary policy in both the US and Japan may be coming to an end, which could have significant impacts on global capital markets and the real economy [4] - This external environment may lead to reduced external demand, potentially affecting exports from other countries, while also providing more autonomy for domestic monetary policies [4]