第一，9 月 22 日国新办新闻发布会、9 月 26 日央行第三季度货币政策例会以及国庆假期人民日报发表"钟才文"七 连评都是近期观察政策的窗口。从重要会议和官媒的表述看，政策加码的诉求并不突出。 第二，从完成经济增长目标的角度看，四季度实现全年 GDP 增速 5%目标压力较小，出台增量政策的必要性偏低。 第三，从四季度的经济承受力来看，尽管消费和出口存在高基数压力，但内生动力仍有韧性，出台增量政策的必要性 偏低。 第四，鉴于增量政策的必要性不高，未来一段时间重点或将是存量政策的优化，通过调整存量政策的形式、节奏和用 途，支撑经济增长。 第五，从近期政策的表态、实现经济增长目标的必要性、四季度经济的现实压力看，当前政策重心是深化改革。 在经济压力不大、外部环境相对稳定的情况下，无论是反内卷还是要素市场化，都是对深化改革的有力确认。这也是 未来"十五五"规划的重要政策方向，通过改革提高全要素增长率，打开经济潜在增长空间。 风险提示 对政策的理解存在偏差，增量政策超预期。 宏观经济报告 新型政策性金融工具已于 9 月底如期落地，符合市场预期。如果年内能够出台超预期的增量政策，将成为引发市场风 格切换的重要导火索。 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Views of the Report - The economy shows signs of improved quality and prominent structural highlights, but internal momentum needs consolidation and demand requires further boosting. The full - year economic growth rate is expected to be high in the first half and low in the second half, with the 5% annual target achievable [4]. - In the equity market, the foundation for a slow - bull market remains. The index is expected to oscillate strongly, and investors are advised to actively participate and focus on high - growth sectors. In the bond market, the upward movement is limited, and there is insufficient momentum for a trending long - position. In the commodity market, the differentiation intensifies, with the expected performance being precious metals > industrial metals > energy products [4]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 8 - month Economic Overview - **Positive aspects**: The service industry is highly prosperous, with the August service business activity index reaching 50.5%. New and old kinetic energy is accelerating transformation, and the "Two New" policies have strong supporting effects. The "Anti - involution" policy shows results, with the PPI ending its 8 - month decline. The capital activation degree increases, and the profit decline of industrial enterprises above designated size narrows [4][5]. - **Challenges**: Economic data awaits trend improvement, with the manufacturing PMI below the boom - bust line for 5 consecutive months. Internal growth momentum needs consolidation, overseas demand is uncertain, real estate drags on the economy, and the profit structure of industrial enterprises above designated size may further differentiate [4][6]. 3.2 8 - month Economic Sub - data Interpretation - **Manufacturing PMI**: It remains in a low - level oscillation, with the production index driving the slight rebound. High - tech and equipment manufacturing PMIs show an upward trend [7]. - **Fixed - asset investment**: The growth rate continues to decline, mainly due to real estate drag. However, high - tech investment remains prosperous [9]. - **Consumption**: The growth rate slightly drops, but the "National Subsidy" and service - consumption policies are expected to support future consumption [10]. - **Exports**: The short - term growth slows down, and the future trend is uncertain due to factors such as high - base effects, policy changes, and overseas economic conditions [11][13]. - **Real estate**: Sales continue to be weak, with both sales area and investment decline expanding. Second - hand housing prices have not stopped falling [14]. - **Production**: It maintains a high level of prosperity, with the added value of industries above designated size growing steadily. Manufacturing is the core support [15]. - **Prices**: The "Anti - involution" policy affects PPI. CPI is weak, mainly dragged down by food prices. PPI ends its decline, but the recovery of PPI depends on demand - side policies [18][19]. - **Liquidity**: The total social financing slightly exceeds expectations, but the structure needs improvement, especially the slow recovery of medium - and long - term credit demand [22]. - **Profit**: The profit decline of industrial enterprises above designated size narrows, and future profit growth depends on multiple factors [23]. 3.3 Future Economic Outlook - **Overseas**: The US economy shows signs of weakness, which may affect China's exports. The Fed's potential interest - rate cuts will impact global liquidity [24]. - **Domestic policy**: A certain policy space will be reserved, and policies focus on long - term structural issues [25]. - **Economy**: The full - year economic growth rate is expected to be high in the first half and low in the second half. Investment may continue to explore the bottom, consumption has certain support, and exports remain uncertain [25]. 3.4 Investment Recommendations - **Equity market**: The foundation for a slow - bull market exists. Investors are advised to focus on high - growth sectors such as self - controllability, energy storage and new energy, service consumption, and sectors benefiting from Fed rate cuts [27]. - **Bond market**: The upward movement is limited, and it is recommended to allocate when the 10 - year Treasury yield approaches 1.8% [30]. - **Commodity market**: The differentiation intensifies, and it is recommended to focus on precious metals [31].

Group 1: Economic Overview - China's retail sales of consumer goods in the first half of 2025 showed a cumulative year-on-year growth rate of 5.0%, consistent with the growth rate from January to May[18] - The average year-on-year growth rate of retail sales from June 2024 to June 2025 was 4.1%, indicating an overall upward trend[18] - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) year-on-year growth rate during the same period was only 0.1%, highlighting a divergence between the volume and price of consumer spending[18] Group 2: Low Inflation Factors - Low inflation is primarily influenced by weak domestic demand, external input factors, and "involutionary competition" in the market[1] - The correlation coefficient between the year-on-year growth rates of production materials and living materials, after shifting the production materials curve back by 10 months, is 0.7, indicating a strong relationship[22] - The year-on-year decline in profits for coal mining, oil and gas extraction, and black metal mining industries was 53.0%, 11.5%, and 36.2% respectively, contributing to a 5.5 percentage point drag on industrial profits in the first half of 2025[3] Group 3: Impact of Low Inflation - As of June 2025, the average yield on ten-year government bonds was 1.66%, down 44 basis points from September 2024, while the actual interest rate rose slightly to 2.84%, up 12 basis points[3] - The weak inflation level has interfered with the downward path of actual interest rates, limiting the reduction in financing costs for the real economy[46] - The correlation coefficient between urban residents' future income confidence index and the year-on-year growth rate of industrial profits from 2020 to 2024 is 0.5, indicating a positive correlation[3] Group 4: Risks and Challenges - Risks include persistent inflation in developed economies, complex geopolitical situations, and slow recovery of expectations in the real estate sector[4] - The significant decline in real estate investment has negatively impacted construction industry investment growth, further affecting demand in the building materials sector[37]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The path for the US to achieve multi - dimensional strategic goals through tariff policies is clear, using tariffs not only as a trade protection tool but also to serve broader economic and geopolitical interests [3][4][5]. - The poor non - farm payroll data has led to a sharp increase in the market's expectation of a Fed rate cut, and the Fed's monetary policy decision is facing a dilemma [6][7][8]. - The July Politburo meeting in China adjusted the direction and intensity of economic policy stimulus, focusing on optimizing the economic structure and implementing effective policies [10][11][12]. - In terms of major asset directions, the US dollar is expected to fluctuate at a low level in the short term, gold is supported by safe - haven sentiment, A - shares are expected to have accelerated sector rotation, and the bond market will focus on "new - old differentiation" [14][15][16]. Summary by Directory 1. This Week's Macroeconomic Observation 1.1 The Path for the US to Achieve Multi - Dimensional Strategic Goals with Tariffs is Clear - As the August 1 deadline for Trump's tariff policy approached, the US White House announced a series of adjusted "reciprocal tariffs" with most new rates taking effect on August 7, providing a negotiation window for countries without trade agreements [3]. - The US uses differentiated tariff policies to achieve goals such as obtaining large - scale investment, procurement commitments, and market opening from trading partners, and guiding the global industrial chain layout [4][5]. - The US uses tariff negotiations to force Southeast Asian countries to make "strategic choices" in the global supply chain, aiming to weaken their industrial chain connection with China [5]. 1.2 Non - farm Payrolls Disappoint, Fed Rate Cut Expectations Soar - Since April, the market's reaction to "reciprocal tariffs" has gradually diminished, and in August, the market's focus shifted to the Fed's rate - cut process [6]. - The sharp downward revision of non - farm payroll data on Friday led to a sharp increase in the market's expectation of a Fed rate cut in September, and the Fed's monetary policy decision is in a dilemma [6][7][8]. - Trump's acceptance of Fed Governor Kugler's resignation may further boost the market's expectation of a Fed rate cut in September [9]. 1.3 The July Politburo Meeting: Optimize the Economic Structure and Implement Existing Policies - In the first half of 2025, China's economy showed strong resilience, and the Politburo meeting adjusted the description of the economic situation and the direction of policy stimulus [10]. - In the second half of 2025, policies should maintain macro - policy continuity, "implement and refine" effective policies, and focus on structural and supply - side issues such as "anti - involution" on the supply side and "releasing consumption potential" on the demand side [11][12]. 1.4 Major Asset Directions - The US dollar index is expected to fluctuate at a low level in the short term due to concerns about the US economic recession and increased expectations of a Fed rate cut [14][15]. - Gold is expected to be supported by safe - haven sentiment in the short term and is in a bull market cycle in the long term [15]. - A - shares are expected to have accelerated sector rotation, and the valuation center is expected to rise due to policy and tax factors [15][16]. - The bond market will focus on "new - old differentiation" in the short term due to the tax policy change [16]. 2. Domestic Key Events and Important Economic Data - The Politburo meeting emphasized maintaining policy continuity and stability, and promoting domestic and international double - circulation [17]. - The decision to hold the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee in October was made, and it will study the formulation of the 15th Five - Year Plan [17]. - The interest income of newly - issued bonds will be subject to VAT starting from August 8, 2025 [17]. - The parenting subsidy policy was implemented, and the budget was about 90 billion yuan [17]. - The manufacturing PMI in July declined, and the non - manufacturing and composite PMIs also decreased [17]. - From January to June 2025, the profits of industrial enterprises above designated size decreased by 1.8%, with different trends in different industries [17]. - Policies were introduced to promote investment, consumption, and the development of various industries, and measures were taken to "anti - involute" the market [17][18]. - The China - US tariff suspension period is expected to be extended, and China's trade with Central and Eastern European countries reached a record high in the first half of the year [18]. 3. Overseas Key Events and Important Economic Data - The Fed kept rates unchanged for the fifth consecutive meeting, but two voting members supported a rate cut, and Powell cooled market expectations of a September rate cut [19]. - US core PCE inflation heated up in June, and the second - quarter GDP growth rate exceeded expectations [19]. - The US made a series of tariff policy adjustments, including delaying the effective date, setting different tariff rates for different countries, and suspending the minimum tax - free treatment for low - value goods [20][21]. - The EU reached a trade agreement with the US, including a 15% tariff and a 60 - billion - dollar investment in the US [20]. - Other countries such as Germany, Japan, and South Korea also had important economic events and policy decisions [19][20][21]. 4. Next Week's Key Data/Events - Next week, important economic data will be released in China, the US, and the eurozone, including PMI, PPI, CPI, and unemployment data [22].

Core Insights - Wuhan's Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased by 0.4% year-on-year in the first half of 2025, surpassing the national average and ranking third among 19 sub-provincial cities, leading among central provincial capitals [1][2] - The core CPI, excluding food and energy, rose by 0.9%, indicating a recovery in consumer demand, particularly for services and durable goods [2][3] - The "National Subsidy" policy has significantly stimulated the purchase of home appliances and 3C digital products, contributing to a rise in prices for certain durable goods [4] CPI Trends - In the first half of 2025, Wuhan's CPI growth was 0.5 percentage points higher than the national average, which saw a decline of 0.1% [2] - Monthly CPI trends showed a "V" shape, with a peak increase of 0.7% in January, followed by a decline in February, and a return to positive growth in March through June [2] Service and Durable Goods Consumption - Service prices increased by 1.0%, outpacing the 0.6% rise in non-food prices, reflecting a robust growth in service consumption [4] - The prices of communication tools rose by 3.0%, while entertainment durable goods saw a 2.7% increase, driven by consumer confidence and demand for product upgrades [4] Emerging Consumption Trends - New consumption formats and experiences, such as immersive cultural tourism and sports activities, are gaining popularity, with related service prices increasing by 1.7% [5] - The demand for personalized and participatory sports consumption is on the rise, indicating a shift in consumer preferences [5] Food and Energy Prices - Food prices in Wuhan decreased by 0.7%, primarily due to a 4.4% drop in fresh vegetable prices, influenced by favorable climate conditions [5] - Energy prices also saw a decline, with gasoline and diesel prices dropping by 7.2% and 7.7%, respectively, contributing to a 3.7% decrease in overall energy prices [5]

Core Insights - The Australia-China trade relationship is leveraging live streaming as a new paradigm for cross-border cooperation, particularly highlighted during the 2024 China International Import Expo (CIIE) [1][2]. Group 1: Event Overview - The 2024 CIIE will feature a record number of over 250 Australian companies across various sectors including minerals, food, health, and consumer goods [1]. - Nearly 100 Australian companies are participating for the first time, with 30 of them entering the Chinese market for the first time [1]. Group 2: Economic Impact - The Australian Trade and Investment Commission reported a total transaction value of approximately 3.77 billion AUD (around 14.82 billion RMB) during the expo [2]. - Live streaming has significantly enhanced the visibility and sales potential of Australian products in the Chinese market, with one product's sales increasing fivefold due to live demonstrations [3]. Group 3: Live Streaming as a Tool - Live streaming has become an integral part of the CIIE, with companies utilizing it to engage with consumers and showcase products in real-time [3][5]. - The live streaming initiative has attracted a viewership of nearly 33 million for online broadcasts, indicating a strong consumer interest and engagement [5]. Group 4: Future Prospects - There is an expectation for increased commercial cooperation between Australia and China, with live streaming seen as a key strategy for Australian companies to adapt to market trends [3][5]. - The CIIE is viewed as a significant platform for Australian products to expand their influence in China, with ongoing opportunities for innovation in cross-border cooperation [5].