宁德时代动力电池
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中国公司全球化周报|TikTok Shop加速拓展欧洲市场/吉利汽车2025年海外销量达42万辆
3 6 Ke· 2026-03-22 02:18
Company Developments - TikTok Shop is accelerating its expansion into the European market, planning to enter the Netherlands, Belgium, Sweden, and Poland, which would bring its operations to ten countries in Europe. Currently, European sales account for only 5.4% of its global revenue, facing challenges from conservative consumer habits and strong competitors like Temu [2] - AliExpress has partnered with YouTube in South Korea, becoming the first Chinese e-commerce platform to join YouTube's shopping alliance program, aiming to enhance its distribution channels and introduce a wider range of global products [2] Automotive Industry - Geely Auto reported a total revenue of 345.2 billion yuan for 2025, a 25% year-on-year increase, with a core net profit of 14.41 billion yuan, up 36%. The company aims for overseas sales of 420,000 units, including 124,000 in new energy vehicles, which is a 240% increase [3] - Chery Auto announced a total revenue of 300.29 billion yuan for 2025, an 11.3% increase, with a net profit of 19.51 billion yuan, up 36.1%. The company sold 2.6314 million self-owned passenger vehicles, a 14.6% increase, with new energy vehicle sales growing by 72.5% [3] - Leap Motor achieved an export volume of 67,052 units in 2025, leading among new Chinese automotive brands. The company has established nearly 900 sales service outlets across about 40 countries [4] Investment and Financing - BYD plans to invest 300 million reais (approximately 390 million yuan) in Brazil to build its first electric vehicle R&D testing center, expected to be operational by 2028 [4] - Huawei's underwater robotics company, Submarine Innovation, completed nearly 100 million yuan in Series C financing, which will be used for core technology development and market expansion [8] - NUBON Bio completed over 100 million yuan in Series C financing, focusing on expanding its global commercial footprint, with 400 overseas clients [8] Market Trends - The global storage chip market is experiencing an unexpected price increase in Q1 2026, with NAND prices rising over 70% due to strong AI demand and supply constraints in consumer electronics [9] - The global electric vehicle traction inverter installation reached 9.65 million units in Q4 2025, marking a two-year high, driven by increased sales of battery electric vehicles [10] - Omdia forecasts that global micro-short drama revenue will grow to 14 billion USD by the end of 2026, with significant contributions from markets outside China, particularly the US [10]
2026-02-27期:所长早读-20260227
Guo Tai Jun An Qi Huo· 2026-02-27 01:52
1. Report Industry Investment Ratings - The report does not explicitly provide an overall industry investment rating. However, trend intensities for various commodities are given, which can be used as a reference for investment sentiment: - Strongly bullish: Iron ore, tin, cotton, palm oil, soybean oil, sugar [57][36][187][170][181] - Bullish: Logs,动力煤 [78][75] - Neutral: Gold, silver, copper, zinc, lead, aluminum, alumina, cast - aluminum alloy, platinum, palladium, nickel, stainless steel, lithium carbonate, industrial silicon, polysilicon, rebar, hot - rolled coil, ferrosilicon, silicomanganese, coke, coking coal, p - xylene, PTA, MEG, rubber, synthetic rubber, LLDPE, PP, caustic soda, pulp, glass, methanol, urea, styrene, soda ash, LPG, propylene, short - fiber, bottle - chip, offset printing paper, pure benzene, soybean meal, soybeans, corn, peanuts [22][25][28][31][38][40][44][50][53][59][63][67][79][88][92][95][100][105][111][114][119][122][125][127][155][158][163][171][174][195] - Bearish: PVC, fuel oil [137][140] - Strongly bearish: Live pigs [193] 2. Core Views 2.1 Exchange Rate - After the holiday, the RMB exchange rate against the US dollar continued its pre - holiday strong trend. On February 26, the on - shore and off - shore RMB exchange rates against the US dollar reached new highs since April 2023. The appreciation is supported by factors such as the weakening of the US dollar index, the reduction of US tariffs on China, the withdrawal of US dollar long positions, and market expectations for favorable policies. However, there are also factors that may cause the RMB to depreciate in the short term [7]. 2.2 Commodities - **Cotton**: After the holiday, Zhengzhou cotton futures rose due to the increase in foreign markets and technical buying. However, there is no obvious fundamental support, and the futures price has fallen back. It is expected to maintain a relatively strong trend, but further upward movement may require new fundamental drivers [10]. - **Manganese silicon**: The price of manganese silicon futures rose due to the news of South African mineral tax, but it is mainly an emotional push. Fundamentally, the short - term supply has not decreased, and the price may be under pressure due to high inventory [11][12]. - **Steam coal**: After the Spring Festival, the steam coal market continued its pre - holiday strong trend, mainly driven by the reduction of imported coal supply. However, in March, the market will enter the traditional off - season, and the upward support for coal prices is expected to weaken [13][14]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Pre - market Focus - **Exchange rate**: The RMB exchange rate against the US dollar reached a three - year high, and the pricing is not extremely deviated. The appreciation is supported by multiple factors, and the future trend is affected by both positive and negative factors [7]. - **Commodities**: The所长 recommends cotton, manganese silicon, and steam coal, with a high attention index of ★★★★. The prices of these commodities are affected by different factors, and their future trends need to pay attention to fundamental changes [10][11][13]. 3.2 Commodity Research Morning Report - **Precious metals**: Gold is expected to move up in a volatile manner, and silver is in a volatile pattern [22]. - **Base metals**: Copper's price recovery is restricted by increasing inventory; zinc needs to pay attention to geopolitical disturbances; lead lacks driving forces and is in a volatile state; tin is expected to be strongly volatile; aluminum is in a range - bound state; alumina's supply pressure is not relieved; cast - aluminum alloy follows the trend of electrolytic aluminum; platinum is in a box - shaped oscillation; palladium's high - frequency data is weak; nickel still has speculative sentiment, and attention should be paid to the contradiction of nickel ore; stainless steel's cost support center moves up, but the off - season inventory accumulation restricts its elasticity [25][28][31][34][38][40][44]. - **Energy and chemicals**: Lithium carbonate's supply and demand are tight, and attention should be paid to market sentiment changes; industrial silicon should pay attention to the resumption of production of upstream enterprises; polysilicon should pay attention to post - holiday spot transactions; iron ore's price is expected to rise in a volatile manner; rebar and hot - rolled coil are in a volatile and repeated state; ferrosilicon's price fluctuates widely due to sector sentiment; manganese silicon's price is pulled up at a low level by funds; coke and coking coal are in a weakly volatile state; steam coal's price is strong in the short term; logs are expected to be strongly volatile; p - xylene, PTA, and MEG are in a range - bound state; rubber is in a wide - range volatile state; synthetic rubber is in a high - level volatile state; LLDPE has oil price risks to be released, and its supply - demand pattern is average; PP's C3 raw material is strong, and PDH maintenance is still high; caustic soda has large near - month delivery pressure but cost support; pulp is in a volatile state; glass's original sheet price is stable; methanol is in a volatile state; urea is in a short - term volatile state; styrene is in a strongly volatile state; soda ash's spot market has little change; LPG is affected by Middle - East supply disturbances and is waiting for CP to be announced; propylene's supply and demand are tight, and the spot price is stable; PVC is in a weakly volatile state; fuel oil is in a weak state; low - sulfur fuel oil is in a narrow - range volatile state; the container shipping index (European line) should be treated with a volatile mindset; short - fiber and bottle - chip are in a high - level volatile state and should pay attention to geopolitical fluctuations; offset printing paper should be on the sidelines; pure benzene is in a strongly volatile state [50][53][56][59][63][67][73][76][79][88][92][95][100][105][111][114][119][122][125][127][137][140][143][155][158][163]. - **Agricultural products**: Palm oil's production reduction is realized, and a short - term long - buying strategy on dips can be adopted; soybean oil is strongly affected by the implementation of the US biofuel policy; soybean meal may be volatile due to the slight decline of overnight US soybeans; soybeans' spot price is stable, and the futures price is strong; corn is expected to be strongly volatile; sugar's price - increasing sentiment is spreading; cotton's futures price has回调; eggs are in a weakly volatile state; live pigs' futures price has advanced the trading of inventory accumulation, but it is difficult to reduce inventory in the off - season; peanuts are in a volatile state [167][171][174][178][182][188][191][195].
蔚来实现单季盈利,1亿次换电达成!比亚迪发布新品牌“领汇”!多款新车登陆工信部!加拿大将大幅降低中国电动车关税!丨一周大事件
电动车公社· 2026-02-08 16:06
New Car Launches - The new BMW i5 was launched with a price range of 368,000 to 458,000 yuan, featuring upgrades in comfort and battery optimization for improved range [3][8] - The all-new Li Auto L9 was revealed, with the top version "Li L9 Livis" priced at 559,800 yuan, showcasing significant design and technology enhancements [9][11][13] - Chery's new QQ3 has opened for blind orders, featuring a compact design and advanced driver assistance systems [14][17][21] Company Developments - NIO achieved its first quarterly profit, projecting an operating profit of approximately 290 million to 1 billion yuan for Q4 2025, and reached a milestone of 100 million battery swaps [51][54] - BYD announced its fifth sub-brand "Linghui Auto," targeting the B-end market with customized vehicles [55][57] - SAIC-GM-Wuling reported global sales of 105,792 units in January [58] Battery Market Insights - CATL maintained a dominant market share of 39.2% in the global battery market, with a projected global installation volume of 464.7 GWh for 2025 [61][62] - Changan announced the upcoming mass production of the world's first sodium battery passenger vehicle, indicating advancements in battery technology [64][67] International News - Canada announced a significant reduction in import tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles from 106.1% to 6.1%, facilitating easier market access for Chinese automakers [68][71]
中国600度大电量重卡在泰国上市!竟是它
第一商用车网· 2026-02-04 07:06
Core Viewpoint - DeepWay has officially launched its pure electric heavy trucks in Thailand, marking a significant milestone in its Southeast Asia strategy and contributing to the green transformation of the transportation sector in the region [1][4]. Group 1: Market Demand and Product Features - Thailand's growing demand for efficient and low-carbon freight equipment positions it as a logistics hub in Southeast Asia, making the transition from traditional fuel trucks to pure electric heavy trucks promising [2]. - The DeepWay heavy trucks have been optimized for Thailand's road conditions, climate, and driving habits, enhancing local user experience while maintaining core advantages in intelligence and efficiency [2]. - The trucks are equipped with an L2 level intelligent driving assistance system, providing safety for long-distance transport and optimizing performance in intercity transport and logistics distribution [2]. Group 2: Strategic Partnerships and Technological Collaboration - DeepWay's collaboration with CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited) emphasizes deep technological synergy, with CATL's batteries designed to withstand 8 years and 4500 cycles with less than 30% degradation, supporting over 400 km of driving range [6]. - The partnership aims to build a localized service network, ensuring reliable lifecycle support for users and responding to the specific demands of the Southeast Asian market [6][8]. Group 3: Future Plans and Regional Expansion - The signing of the strategic cooperation agreement outlines a path for DeepWay to establish a sales and service network across key regions in Thailand, enhancing local operational systems [8]. - DeepWay aims to leverage its technological innovations and localized collaborations to create a win-win ecosystem, facilitating the green transition in logistics across more ASEAN countries [9].
DeepWay深向重卡曼谷上市,亚太布局持续提速
Jing Ji Guan Cha Wang· 2026-02-04 04:30
Core Viewpoint - DeepWay has officially launched its pure electric heavy trucks in the Thai market, marking a significant step in its expansion strategy in Southeast Asia [1][2] Group 1: Company Strategy - DeepWay aims to provide reliable green transportation solutions in Thailand by leveraging its core technology and global operational experience [1] - The company plans to collaborate with local partners to optimize service systems and create a "vehicle + service" ecosystem tailored to the Thai market [1][2] Group 2: Technological Collaboration - DeepWay's partnership with CATL focuses on deep technical synergy and ecosystem building, with CATL's battery technology designed to withstand 4500 cycles with less than 30% degradation over 8 years [1] - The 600kWh battery solution from CATL can meet driving requirements of over 400 km, enhancing operational performance [1] Group 3: Market Expansion - The launch in Bangkok signifies the establishment of a key market linkage in Southeast Asia, serving as a core support for further expansion into other ASEAN countries [2] - DeepWay is committed to deepening its presence in the Asia-Pacific market through technological innovation and localized cooperation [2]
穿越周期的力量:2025中国企业家年度榜单
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-01-26 15:59
Core Insights - The article highlights the recognition of 3 "Special Contribution Entrepreneurs" and 20 "2025 Entrepreneurs" who exemplify long-termism and innovation across various industries in China, including liquor, manufacturing, energy, agriculture, internet, AI, and new consumption [1][2]. Group 1: Special Contribution Entrepreneurs - Ji Keliang, former chairman of Kweichow Moutai Group, transformed traditional brewing techniques into scientific data over 60 years, emphasizing quality over speed, which laid the foundation for Moutai's billion-dollar brand value [4][10][12]. - Zhang Ruimin, founder of Haier Group, is known for his continuous self-disruption and innovation, leading Haier from a struggling factory to a global leader in home appliances with over 400 billion yuan in revenue [18][20][21]. - Jiang Baoquan, founder of Nanjing Gold Foil Holdings, turned a failing workshop into the world's largest gold foil producer, emphasizing resilience and innovative management theories [25][27][29]. Group 2: 2025 Entrepreneurs - Ma Huateng, chairman of Tencent, focuses on "technology for good," committing to social responsibility and innovation in digital technology to drive high-quality economic development [31][34][41]. - Wang Ning, founder of Pop Mart, capitalizes on emotional value and consumer psychology, creating a successful business model around collectible toys that resonate with young consumers [43][45][46]. - Wang Xingxing, founder of Yushutech, leads advancements in humanoid robotics, achieving significant market presence and profitability while promoting technological innovation [48][49][51]. - Fang Hongbo, chairman of Midea Group, has successfully transformed Midea into a global technology group through strategic restructuring and a focus on efficiency and innovation [54][56]. - Liu Yonghao, chairman of New Hope Group, maintains a long-term vision in agriculture, achieving growth even during economic downturns by embracing new technologies [67][69][70]. - Liu Qiangdong, founder of JD.com, integrates the concept of "common prosperity" into business practices, ensuring fair profit distribution among stakeholders while enhancing supply chain efficiency [73][75][78]. - Li Dongsheng, founder of TCL, exemplifies global leadership in semiconductor display and photovoltaic sectors, driving innovation and sustainable growth through strategic partnerships [110][111].
【新能源周报】新能源汽车行业信息周报(2026年1月5日-1月11日)
乘联分会· 2026-01-13 08:40
Industry Information - The world's first commercially viable solid-state battery has been introduced, featuring an energy density of 400 Wh/kg and the ability to charge in just 5 minutes, with a cycle life of up to 100,000 times [11] - The Ministry of Commerce predicts that over 11.5 million vehicles will be replaced under the vehicle trade-in policy by 2025, with a total sales value exceeding 2.6 trillion yuan [11] - At CES 2026, autonomous driving technology and artificial intelligence are highlighted as key themes, with significant interest in how AI can address safety challenges in autonomous vehicles [12][13] - Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Ltd. (CATL) has signed a five-year strategic agreement with NIO to deepen collaboration on battery swapping technology [10] - The first half-solid-state lithium battery energy storage project in Inner Mongolia has been connected to the grid, marking a significant advancement in energy storage technology [14] Policy Information - The State Council is accelerating the introduction of comprehensive management measures for the recycling of new energy vehicle batteries [22] - Various local governments are implementing policies to promote the development of electric vehicle charging infrastructure, including the construction of charging stations and the integration of charging facilities in urban planning [20][25][37] - The Guangdong provincial government is optimizing insurance services for new energy vehicles and exploring the development of smart driving liability insurance products [27] - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is soliciting opinions on national standards related to automatic parking and safety event data for smart connected vehicles [35] Company Information - NIO has launched 36 new power swap stations, bringing the total to 3,680 stations [8] - GAC Group has signed a contract with Huawei to deepen cooperation in the HarmonyOS ecosystem and AI technology [8] - Leap Motor has achieved a record delivery of over 160,000 units of its B series vehicles [8] - Huawei's partnership with Qian Kun has resulted in over 900,000 units sold in 2025, with a market share of 27.8% in urban navigation assistance [16]
地方政府与城投企业债务风险研究报告:郑州市
Lian He Zi Xin· 2026-01-09 11:22
Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content found Group 2: Core Views of the Report - Zhengzhou, as the capital city of Henan Province and a national central city, has obvious location advantages, high - level economic development, and a reasonable industrial structure. However, the government debt burden is heavy. The economic development of its districts, counties, and functional areas varies greatly, and the debt situation of different regions also shows differences. The debt burden of most of Zhengzhou's bond - issuing urban investment enterprises has increased, and the short - term debt - paying pressure is prominent [4]. - Multiple policies support the regional development of Zhengzhou, and the city has received strong support in fiscal transfer payments and special fund allocations. The government at all levels in Zhengzhou has strengthened the monitoring and management of debt to actively resolve hidden debts and control debt risks [4][12]. Group 3: Summary According to the Directory I. Zhengzhou's Economic and Fiscal Strength (1) Regional Characteristics and Economic Development of Zhengzhou - Zhengzhou has significant location advantages and convenient transportation. It is the center of the "Central Plains Economic Zone", with a "double - cross" railway network and is one of the highest - level international comprehensive transportation hubs. It also has a well - developed aviation and port system [5][7]. - Zhengzhou has a high level of urbanization. By the end of 2024, its permanent population was 13.086 million, ranking first in Henan Province, with an urbanization rate of 81%, 1 percentage point higher than the previous year and higher than the provincial average [6]. - In 2024, Zhengzhou's GDP was 1.45321 trillion yuan, ranking first in Henan Province, with a growth rate of 5.7%. The per - capita GDP was 111,100 yuan, also ranking first. From January to September 2025, its GDP was 1.118978 trillion yuan, with a year - on - year growth of 5.4% [8]. - Zhengzhou has a reasonable industrial structure, with six leading industrial clusters contributing over 90% to above - scale industries. The added value of above - scale industries and six leading industries has maintained a growth trend [9]. - Multiple policies support Zhengzhou's development. In 2024, Zhengzhou received 50.65 billion yuan in transfer payments and 6.95 billion yuan in ultra - long - term special treasury bond funds, and also obtained special fund support in various fields [12]. (2) Fiscal Strength and Debt Situation of Zhengzhou - In 2024, Zhengzhou's general public budget revenue ranked first in Henan Province, with acceptable quality and strong self - sufficiency. However, the government fund revenue decreased year - on - year, and superior subsidies contributed to the comprehensive financial resources [14]. - By the end of 2024, Zhengzhou's government debt burden was relatively high in Henan Province, with a debt ratio of 196.04% and a debt - to - GDP ratio of 27.10%, ranking 15th and 4th respectively among prefecture - level cities in the province [15]. II. Economic and Fiscal Conditions of Zhengzhou's Districts, Counties, and Functional Areas (1) Economic Strength of Zhengzhou's Districts, Counties, and Functional Areas - The overall economic development level of Zhengzhou's districts, counties, and functional areas is high, but there are significant regional differences. Jinshui District has the strongest economic strength, and Jinshui and Gongyi have the highest per - capita GDP [17]. - Zhengzhou has a clear industrial spatial layout. The electronic information industry is mainly concentrated in four functional areas, while other industries are distributed in different districts and counties according to their characteristics [21]. - In 2024, Jinshui District was the only area with a GDP exceeding 200 billion yuan. The four functional areas accounted for about 33% of Zhengzhou's GDP. The GDP growth rate of the Airport Economic Zone was as high as 13.0% [24]. (2) Fiscal Strength and Debt Situation of Zhengzhou's Districts, Counties, and Functional Areas - **Fiscal Revenue**: In 2024, Zhengdong New Area, Economic Development Zone, and Jinshui District had a general public budget revenue exceeding 10 billion yuan. The tax revenues of most regions decreased, and the fiscal revenue quality varied. The core urban areas had a high tax ratio, while the subordinate counties and cities were more dependent on non - tax revenues [26]. - **Debt**: By the end of 2024, the government debt of all regions in Zhengzhou increased. The Airport Economic Zone had the largest debt stock. Some regions had a high debt ratio, while the debt ratio of Zhongmou County decreased significantly. The governments at all levels have strengthened debt management and risk control [35]. III. Debt - paying Ability of Zhengzhou's Urban Investment Enterprises (1) General Situation of Zhengzhou's Urban Investment Enterprises - As of September 30, 2025, there were 27 bond - issuing urban investment enterprises in Zhengzhou, mainly at the municipal level and in Zhengdong New Area, with AA and AA+ as the main credit ratings. One enterprise was put on the credit rating watch list in 2024 [43]. (2) Bond - issuing Situation of Zhengzhou's Urban Investment Enterprises - In 2024, the bond - issuing scale of Zhengzhou's urban investment enterprises decreased slightly year - on - year, mainly concentrated in the Airport Economic Zone and the municipal level. Affected by debt - resolution policies, the net bond financing scale of most regions shrank significantly [46]. - In 2024, the net bond financing of Zhengzhou's urban investment enterprises was 5.119 billion yuan, and the net inflow state continued in the first three quarters of 2025 [48]. (3) Debt - paying Ability Analysis of Urban Investment Enterprises - By the end of 2024, the debt scale of Zhengzhou's bond - issuing urban investment enterprises continued to grow, mainly concentrated in the municipal level and the Airport Economic Zone. Most regions' debt burden increased [51]. - The short - term debt - paying pressure of Zhengzhou's urban investment enterprises is prominent. The coverage ratio of cash - like assets to short - term debt is generally low. The net cash inflow from financing activities decreased significantly year - on - year in 2024 [51]. (4) Support and Guarantee Ability of Fiscal Revenue for the Debt of Bond - issuing Urban Investment Enterprises - In 2024, except for the Airport Economic Zone, the ratio of "total debt of bond - issuing urban investment enterprises + local government debt" to comprehensive financial resources in Zhengzhou's municipal level and other regions was between 195.76% and 517.99%, with Gongyi having the highest ratio [62].
2025年职场红利盘点:在这些赛道里,捡回“上行”信心(全文版)
3 6 Ke· 2025-12-19 06:47
Group 1 - The article discusses the impact of AI on the workplace, highlighting both the potential benefits and the challenges faced by employees as AI technologies evolve [2][3] - It notes that many companies are still hesitant to invest in employer branding, focusing instead on product performance and financial results, which diminishes the importance of employee relations [3] - The trend of seeking "versatile talents" in job descriptions is increasing, while the concept of "one-person companies" emerges as a response to workforce reductions, raising questions about the value of teamwork [3] Group 2 - The article reflects on the struggles of an AI startup team, emphasizing the challenges of navigating the AI landscape and the impact of rising price sensitivity among consumers [3][4] - It mentions the organization of various events, including AI talent salons and recruitment fairs, aimed at fostering community and industry engagement [4] - The publication aims to maintain high content standards and neutrality while exploring monetization strategies through paid content, indicating a shift in the media landscape [4] Group 3 - The article presents a list of the top 50 employers in the workplace bonus category, showcasing companies that have excelled in employer branding and employee engagement [8][15] - It highlights the importance of adapting to changing market demands and the emergence of new job roles in sectors like IP management and overseas market promotion due to the globalization of brands [11] - The narrative emphasizes the need for companies to innovate and adapt to the evolving economic landscape, particularly in the context of AI and automation [11]
长安凯程携手河南村BA推出联动活动
Huan Qiu Wang· 2025-09-25 07:56
Group 1 - The event "赛・会・节" in Henan Province aims to promote rural development through sports, with a focus on the "村BA" basketball competition for farmers [1][3] - Participants are mainly ordinary farmers, fostering community engagement and promoting health through sports, contributing to rural revitalization [3] - Changan Kaicheng collaborates with the Henan Farmers Sports Association to explore high-quality development paths for farmers' sports, integrating resources for mutual benefit [3] Group 2 - Changan Kaicheng V919 serves as the official designated vehicle for the event, providing logistical support with advanced features for safety and efficiency [3][4] - The V919 has a length of 5.5 meters and a maximum cargo volume of 10.3m³, designed to accommodate event supplies easily [3] - The vehicle is equipped with a 3.5t pure electric rear-drive platform, offering a peak power of 110kW and a payload capacity of 1.5t, enhancing stability and load-bearing capabilities [4] Group 3 - The V919 features a CLTC range of 470km and can achieve a 30%-80% charge in 30 minutes, significantly reducing user costs with a consumption of 16.5 kWh per 100 km [4] - Changan Kaicheng is committed to technological innovation and green travel solutions, aiming to provide more environmentally friendly and convenient transportation options in the future [5]