[Table_IndNameRptType] 电子 行业点评 光学领域巨头整合，强强联合加快智能眼镜发展 [Table_IndRank] 行业评级：增持 报告日期：2025-08-25 [Table_Chart] 行业指数与沪深 300 走势比较 -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 8/24 11/24 2/25 5/25 电子(申万) 沪深300 [Table_Author] 分析师：陈耀波 执业证书号：S0010523060001 邮箱：chenyaobo@hazq.com 分析师：李元晨 执业证书号：S0010524070001 邮箱：liyc@hazq.com 相关报告 主要观点： 歌尔将上海奥来已建成的产能与设备纳入现有歌尔光学体系，避免设备 领域的重复建设。上海奥来技术团队和歌尔的客户资源的快速整合将形 成"整机+核心部件"的协同闭环，缩短产能爬坡周期，市场竞争力进 一步提升。双方以歌尔光学为合作平台，歌尔通过引入舜宇系的技术资 源，进一步强化了在 AI/AR 产业链中的话语权。 ⚫ 碳化硅或成为 AR 眼镜光波导领域优秀解决方案 根据 Meta 官网显示，Meta 公司已经 ...

时代电气 20250822 摘要 时代电气 2025 年上半年营收 122.14 亿元，同比增长 17.95%；归母 净利润 16.72 亿元，同比增长 12.93%；基本每股收益 1.21 元，同比 增长 15.24%。 轨道交通装备业务营收 69.1 亿元，同比增长 12.58%，其中轨道交通 电器装备收入 55.15 亿元，同比增长 11.48%。新兴装备业务营收 52.44 亿元，同比增长 25.88%，基础器件收入 24.16 亿元，同比增长 29.12%。 综合毛利率提升至 32.01%，同比提升 4.4 个百分点。研发总投入 12.7 亿元，同比增长 28.59%。 国铁集团 2025 年机车和动车招标量增加，但交付量预计与去年持平， 部分推迟至明年。公司在全城轨招标市场占有率约为 70%，受地方债务 影响，城轨发展或将下滑。 半导体业务总收入 24.4 亿元，同比增长 19.14%，其中 IGBT 收入 21.2 亿元，同比增长 32.16%。功率半导体市场份额持续提升，轨道交 通和新兴电力系统领域市占率均超 50%，居国内第一。 Q&A 请简要介绍时代电气 2025 年半年度的整体经营情况及 ...

内容概况：耐火陶瓷制品是一种能够在高温下保持稳定性能的材料，广泛应用于冶金、化工、建材等行 业。近年来，随着材料科学的突破性进展，产品性能得到全面提升，不仅在耐高温性方面表现优异，其 抗热震性和抗腐蚀性也取得显著改善。通过创新的成分设计、优化的微观结构以及精密的生产工艺，我 国耐火陶瓷制品的整体品质已达到国际先进水平，为扩大出口奠定了坚实基础。从贸易数据来看，2025 年上半年，中国耐火陶瓷制品行业进口量为2936.14吨，同比下降25.97%；进口金额为6.64亿元，同比 下降7.65%。2025年上半年，中国耐火陶瓷制品行业出口量为5.42万吨，同比增长12.45%；出口金额为 12.17亿元，同比增长2.96%，呈现明显的贸易顺差态势。在全球工业转型升级和新兴市场需求持续释放 的背景下，中国耐火陶瓷制品行业将迎来更广阔的发展空间，出口规模有望保持稳健增长态势。 相关上市企业：天岳先进（688234）、三安光电（600703）、露笑科技（002617）、中国建筑 （601668）、现恒建筑（01500）、奥邦建筑（01615）、中国石化（600028）、巨化股份（600160）、 长江电力（600900） ...

Group 1: Military Industry New Materials - The price of electrolytic cobalt is 260,000 CNY/ton, unchanged from the previous week, with a cobalt price ratio of 0.88, down 1.0% [4] - Carbon fiber price is 83.8 CNY/kg, unchanged from the previous week, with a gross profit of -8.68 CNY/kg [4] Group 2: New Energy Vehicle Materials - The price of Li2O 5% lithium concentrate at China's port is 864 USD/ton, up 29.15% week-on-week [5] - Prices for battery-grade lithium hydroxide, industrial-grade lithium carbonate, and electrolytic-grade lithium carbonate are 75,500 CNY/ton, 73,300 CNY/ton, and 70,400 CNY/ton, respectively, with increases of 5.1%, 5.17%, and 7.2% [5] - Cobalt sulfate price is 52,000 CNY/ton, up 1.96% [5] - Prices for lithium iron phosphate and 523-type cathode materials are 34,300 CNY/ton and 114,500 CNY/ton, respectively, with increases of 5.05% and 2.7% [5] - The price of praseodymium-neodymium oxide is 557.62 CNY/kg, up 6.9% [5] Group 3: Photovoltaic New Materials - The price of photovoltaic-grade polysilicon is 4.94 USD/kg, unchanged from the previous week [6] - EVA price is 10,100 CNY/ton, unchanged, at a low level since 2013 [6] - The price of 3.2mm photovoltaic glass coating is 24.0 CNY/sqm, unchanged [6] Group 4: Nuclear Power New Materials - Prices for zirconium oxychloride, sponge zirconium, hafnium oxide, zirconium silicate, and zircon sand are 14,250 CNY/ton, 150 CNY/kg, 9,000 CNY/kg, 13,750 CNY/ton, and 14,012.5 CNY/ton, respectively, with changes of -3.4%, 0%, 0%, -1.4%, and 0% [7] - Uranium price for June 2025 is 59.58 USD/lb, up 4.0% [7] Group 5: Consumer Electronics New Materials - The price of cobalt oxide is 210,000 CNY/ton, unchanged [8] - The price of lithium cobalt oxide is 175.0 CNY/kg, unchanged [8] - The price of silicon carbide is 5,300.00 CNY/ton, down 1.9% [8] - Prices for high-purity gallium, crude indium, and refined indium are 1,755.00 CNY/kg, 2,555.00 CNY/kg, and 2,655.00 CNY/kg, with changes of 0%, -0.8%, and -0.7% respectively [8] - The price of germanium dioxide is 9,550 CNY/kg, unchanged, with 50% used for optical fibers and 15% for electronics and solar devices [8] Group 6: Other Materials - Prices for platinum, rhodium, and iridium are 325.00 CNY/g, 2,025.00 CNY/g, and 1,305.00 CNY/g, with changes of +0.9%, +6.0%, and 0% respectively [9]

Core Viewpoint - LuXiao Technology plans to list on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange to advance its globalization strategy and enhance its international brand image, despite a history of significant losses and lack of shareholder returns since its listing in 2011 [1][12]. Fundraising and Financial Performance - Since its IPO in 2011, LuXiao Technology has raised over 67 billion yuan, but has accumulated a net profit loss of 6.8 billion yuan [5][12]. - From 2016 to 2024, the company raised a total of 61.79 billion yuan through five rounds of private placements, yet reported a cumulative net profit loss of 8 billion yuan during the same period [2][5]. - The company has not paid any cash dividends in the last seven years, with total cash dividends amounting to only 0.37 billion yuan since 2016, which is less than 0.6% of the total fundraising amount [5][6]. Investment Progress and Use of Funds - LuXiao Technology's last fundraising round in July 2022 raised 25.67 billion yuan, but only 2.85 billion yuan has been utilized as of the end of 2024, indicating a mere 11.3% progress on investment projects [7][10]. - The largest project, the third-generation power semiconductor (silicon carbide) industrial park, was allocated 19.4 billion yuan, but only 1.03 billion yuan has been invested, reflecting a progress rate of just 5.29% [7][12]. Revenue Composition and Globalization Claims - Since its listing, LuXiao Technology has maintained a domestic revenue share above 90% for 13 out of 14 years, with the last four years showing over 95% [1][12]. - The company's reported revenues from 2021 to 2024 were 35.53 billion yuan, 33.42 billion yuan, 27.72 billion yuan, and 37.17 billion yuan, with domestic revenues consistently making up over 95% of total revenues [12][13].

Group 1: Military Industry New Materials - The price of electrolytic cobalt has increased to 265,000 CNY/ton, a week-on-week increase of 6.9% [3] - The price ratio of electrolytic cobalt to cobalt powder is 0.95, up by 4.5% week-on-week; the price ratio of electrolytic cobalt to cobalt sulfate is 5.15, up by 6.2% [3] - Carbon fiber price remains at 83.8 CNY/kg with a gross profit of -8.24 CNY/kg [3] Group 2: New Energy Vehicle Materials - The CIF price of Li2O 5% lithium concentrate is 677 USD/ton, down by 4.51% week-on-week [4] - Prices for battery-grade lithium hydroxide, industrial-grade lithium carbonate, and battery-grade lithium carbonate are 73,200 CNY/ton, 70,200 CNY/ton, and 65,200 CNY/ton, with week-on-week increases of 7.9%, 6.95%, and 8.2% respectively [4] - The price of cobalt sulfate is 50,800 CNY/ton, up by 2.01% week-on-week [4] - Prices for lithium iron phosphate and 523-type cathode materials are 32,700 CNY/ton and 111,000 CNY/ton, remaining stable with slight increases of 0% and 0.4% respectively [4] - The price of neodymium oxide is 531.15 CNY/kg, up by 3.5% week-on-week [4] Group 3: Photovoltaic New Materials - The price of photovoltaic-grade polysilicon is 4.94 USD/kg, remaining stable [5] - EVA price is 10,100 CNY/ton, down by 0.5%, at a low level since 2013 [5] - The price of 3.2mm photovoltaic glass coating remains at 24.0 CNY/sqm [5] Group 4: Nuclear Power New Materials - Prices for zirconium-related materials are stable, with prices for zirconium oxychloride, sponge zirconium, hafnium oxide, zirconium silicate, and zircon sand at 14,750 CNY/ton, 150 CNY/kg, 9,000 CNY/kg, 13,950 CNY/ton, and 14,012.5 CNY/ton respectively [6] - The uranium price is projected to be 59.58 USD/lb in June 2025, up by 4.0% [6] Group 5: Consumer Electronics New Materials - The price of cobalt tetroxide is 207,500 CNY/ton, up by 2.47% week-on-week [7] - The price of lithium cobalt oxide is stable at 175.0 CNY/kg [7] - The price of silicon carbide remains at 5,400.00 CNY/ton [7] - Prices for high-purity gallium, crude indium, and refined indium are 1,755.00 CNY/kg, 2,575.00 CNY/kg, and 2,675.00 CNY/kg, with changes of -1.7%, 0%, and 0% respectively [7] - The price of germanium dioxide is stable at 9,800 CNY/kg, with 50% used for optical fibers and 15% for electronics and solar devices [7] Group 6: Other Materials - The prices for platinum, rhodium, and iridium are 312.00 CNY/g, 1,865.00 CNY/g, and 1,305.00 CNY/g, with changes of -6.3%, +9.4%, and +5.7% respectively [8]

Investment Rating - The industry rating is "Outperform" [2] Core Insights - The report highlights the supply-demand imbalance and rebalancing in the base metals sector, with a focus on the cyclical nature of recession and recovery [3][10] - In the precious metals sector, central bank gold purchases and a shift in risk appetite are expected to drive gold prices upward [4][26] - The small metals sector is characterized by cyclical demand trends, with both supply-demand tug-of-war and long-term opportunities [5][46] - The rare earth permanent magnet sector is anticipated to enter a new cycle, driven by the growing demand for high-performance materials in electric vehicles [6][65] - The report discusses the sandwich structure of investment in new metal materials, emphasizing long-term technological trends and short-term performance elasticity [7][80] Summary by Sections Base Metals - Base metals are closely tied to manufacturing and economic cycles, with copper facing supply constraints primarily at the mining level due to previous capital expenditure limitations [3][15] - Aluminum supply is bottlenecked at the smelting stage, with profitability per ton determining operational capacity [22][24] Precious Metals - Central banks have significantly increased gold purchases, contributing to rising demand [27][32] - The correlation between gold prices and U.S. Treasury yields has shifted, indicating a market response to extreme risks [35][36] Small Metals - The small metals sector shows stronger price elasticity compared to industrial metals, with tungsten and tin being highlighted for their strategic importance and demand from the electronics sector [5][49][55] Rare Earths - The demand for high-performance neodymium-iron-boron magnets is expected to grow, particularly in the automotive sector, while supply remains rigid [6][75] - The report notes a tightening supply-demand balance in the rare earth sector, driven by increasing demand from various applications [6][75] New Metal Materials - The investment framework for new metal materials is described as a sandwich structure, focusing on long-term trends, mid-term growth attributes, and short-term performance [7][80] - The report identifies key investment opportunities in semiconductor materials and high-performance applications driven by AI and power density trends [83][84]

Investment Opportunities - The investment conference in Meishan resulted in 36 signed projects, with 31 being investment attraction projects totaling 47.69 billion yuan [1] - Among the signed projects, 10 investment attraction projects accounted for 19.06 billion yuan, showcasing Meishan's investment appeal [1] - The projects included over 28 exceeding 500 million yuan, with 6 projects over 2 billion yuan, indicating a strong industrial growth momentum [1] Industrial Development - Meishan has attracted 39 Fortune Global 500 companies, ranking second in Sichuan province, and is recognized as a demonstration city for open development [2] - The city aims to establish a modern industrial system with core competitiveness, focusing on the new energy and new materials sector, including lithium batteries, crystalline silicon photovoltaics, and high-end fine chemicals [2] - The lithium battery industry in Meishan has established a complete supply chain, with leading companies like Zhongke Innovation and American Yabao [2] Infrastructure and Support - Meishan offers comprehensive support for enterprises, including 7 provincial industrial parks and over 1.3 million square meters of standardized factory buildings [4] - The city has invested significantly in power grid construction, ensuring robust electricity supply, and has established a rapid response mechanism for enterprise needs [4] - A total of 1.14 billion yuan has been allocated in subsidies to support quality projects, reflecting strong policy backing [4] Project Pipeline - The newly released investment opportunity list includes 129 projects with a total investment of 161.5 billion yuan, covering various sectors such as new energy, electronic information, and equipment manufacturing [5] - Specific projects include 36 in the new energy sector with an investment of 63.53 billion yuan and 14 in electronic information with an investment of 14.42 billion yuan [5] Collaboration with Shenzhen - Meishan and Shenzhen have established deep collaboration in industrial sectors, focusing on resource allocation and technology transfer [6] - The partnership leverages Shenzhen's strengths in technology and Meishan's advantages in manufacturing, particularly in the new energy and electronic information sectors [6] - The collaboration is characterized by a shift of labor-intensive production processes to Meishan, enhancing local industrial output [7]

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the semiconductor industry, specifically focusing on silicon carbide, power semiconductors, display panels, and LED sectors, highlighting the impact of anti-involution policies on these markets [1][2][3][4]. Key Points and Arguments Silicon Carbide Market - The silicon carbide market is experiencing supply-demand imbalance due to blind expansion by companies, leading to excess low-end capacity and price declines [1][2]. - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is implementing administrative measures to restrict capacity expansion, aiming to guide companies towards high-end product development and optimize industry competition [1][2]. - Tianyue Advanced, a leading company in silicon carbide, is benefiting from policy guidance, with successful capacity expansion in Jinan and Shanghai, significant technological breakthroughs, and a rapid increase in the proportion of automotive-grade products [1][2]. - The shift from 6-inch to 8-inch wafers is expected to strengthen the market position of leading companies [2]. Power Semiconductor Sector - The power semiconductor sector, particularly IGBT products, has faced severe overcapacity issues in recent years, prompting the government to restrict new capacity approvals to stabilize market prices [3]. - The demand for power semiconductors is expected to grow due to the increasing need in the electric vehicle sector and the trend towards domestic production, benefiting leading companies through high-end product development and capacity expansion [3]. Display Panel Industry - The display panel industry has successfully undergone upgrades and price stabilization through government intervention and voluntary production control since 2022 [1][4][5]. - The government has tightened approvals for new LCD projects since 2017, enforcing capacity replacement principles, which has limited the expansion of high-generation lines [5][6]. - The industry faced significant pressure in 2022, leading to collective production control and a clearing of the competitive landscape [6]. LED Industry - The LED industry is experiencing severe internal competition across all segments, with low profit margins reported [7]. - The China Lighting Association has proposed quality standards to curb internal competition, indicating downward pressure and low-price market challenges since 2024 [7][8]. - The future potential of the LED industry is significant, with policies aimed at promoting quality and stabilizing prices expected to benefit industry players [8][9]. - Leading lighting companies are currently undervalued, with a price-to-earnings ratio between 20 to 30, and there are positive expectations for demand recovery in the second half of the year [9]. Other Important Insights - The anti-involution policies are expected to lead to a healthier and more orderly development in the LED industry by reducing inefficient capacity and improving production quality [4][8]. - The overall sentiment in the semiconductor industry is shifting towards high-end product focus, which is anticipated to enhance the competitive landscape and profitability for leading firms [2][3][4].

Metal Materials - The future focus is on breaking traditional alloy performance limits, evolving towards multifunctional integration and sustainable manufacturing [3] - The industry impact shifts from "structural support" to "functional load-bearing," with metal materials remaining the backbone of high-end equipment [4] Polymer Materials - Advanced high-strength lightweight alloys such as magnesium, aluminum, and titanium alloys achieve "weight reduction and efficiency increase" through nano-precipitation and texture control, with topology optimization and 3D printing of customized alloy components becoming mainstream after 2040 [5] - High-entropy alloys (HEAs) break traditional design thinking with the "cocktail effect," offering high strength, corrosion resistance, and radiation resistance, making them irreplaceable in nuclear reactors and deep-sea equipment [5] - Sustainable metallurgy, including hydrogen metallurgy technology, aims for a metal closed-loop recycling rate exceeding 90% by 2050, reshaping the carbon neutrality path for the steel industry [5] Ceramic Materials - The future focus is on overcoming brittleness to expand applications in energy and aerospace [11] - The industry impact highlights the irreplaceable role of ceramics in aerospace, nuclear energy, and semiconductors, with significant domestic substitution potential [12] Carbon Materials - The future focus is on the industrialization of two-dimensional materials and the rise of carbon-based electronics [15] - China holds 70% of global graphene patents, necessitating a faster transition from laboratory to factory [16] Composite Materials - Graphene is expected to achieve low-cost mass production after 2030, with applications in ultrafast sensors, flexible electrodes, and seawater desalination membranes [17] - Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are candidates for lightweight conductive composites, replacing copper wires [17] - Carbon fiber (CFRP) supports new-generation domestic T1100-grade carbon fiber for large aircraft and hydrogen storage tanks [17] Advanced Materials - Fiber-reinforced resin-based composites (FRP) are key to automotive lightweighting, with carbon fiber costs projected to drop to $10/kg by 2050 [21] - Smart composite materials with embedded sensors enable structural health monitoring [21] Information Materials - The future focus is on supporting computational power explosion and quantum communication [27] - The industry impact directly influences China's chip discourse power in the "post-Moore era" [28] Energy Materials - The future focus is on enhancing energy conversion and storage efficiency [31] - Material costs account for 60% of new energy device expenses, making them critical for achieving carbon neutrality goals [32] Biomedical Materials - The future focus is on personalization and bioactivity [35] - The aging global population creates a trillion-dollar market, with biocompatibility evaluation being a core entry criterion [36] Environmental Materials - The future focus is on pollution control and resource recycling [39] - Environmental policies drive mandatory replacements, with green certification becoming a standard for exports [40] Building Materials - The future focus is on transforming from energy consumers to producers [43] - New materials are seen as breakthroughs for urban carbon neutrality, given that buildings consume 40% of global energy [44] Material Surface Engineering - The future focus is on nanotechnology and multifunctional integrated coatings [47] - The industry impact emphasizes the value of coatings in remanufacturing [48] Material Analysis and Evaluation - The future focus is on AI-driven material analysis combining high-throughput experiments, computational simulations, and AI [51] - The industry impact shifts from "trial and error" to "rational design," reshaping material R&D paradigms [52] Conclusion - Over the next 40 years, material innovation will showcase four main themes: green, intelligent, composite, and precise [54] - The transition from a "material power" to a "material strong power" in China depends on breakthroughs in original basic research, key equipment autonomy, and collaborative ecosystems [56]