商的关税减免计划，允许他们申请抵免额度以部分抵消汽车和卡车零部件关税成本，期限从2027年延长至2030年。 保护主义倾向的特朗普盟友认为，第232条款关税最终将更有效地推动制造业回流美国。繁荣美国联盟执行副总裁Nick Iacovella表示："对美国没有能力生产 的产品征收关税毫无意义。第232条款是最有效的工具。" 关税政策的调整显示出政策立场明显软化。美国商务部长Howard Lutnick此前数月坚称"对等关税没有豁免，没有例外"。但他在7月底的电视采访中软化了立 场，表示："如果你种植某种东西而我们不种植，那可以零关税进口。" 在美国最高法院即将在11月初就"对等关税"举行听证会之际，特朗普政府近期豁免了数十种商品的关税，并在与各国的贸易协议谈判中提出对数百种商品实 施关税豁免。同时，美国总统特朗普表示将亲自出席听证会，毕竟这决定关税这一特朗普经济议程"基石"的命运。如果特朗普败诉，美国平均有效关税税率 可能从16.3%降低至少一半，并可能被迫退还数百亿美元税款，同时可能推翻特朗普与一些国家达成的初步贸易协议。 豁免范围大幅扩展 上月，特朗普通过附件二清单豁免了从黄金到LED灯等数十种商品的关税， ...

报道称，特朗普上个月发布"附件二"清单，豁免了黄金、LED灯以及部分矿物、化学品和金属产品的关 税。他还预告了未来可能出台的数百项豁免措施，在"附件三"中列出了可能在与其他国家的贸易协定中 获得零关税待遇的商品。 根据特朗普的行政令，"附近三"主要针对"无法在美国境内种植、开采或自然生产的产品"，包括某些农 产品、飞机及飞机零部件和用于制药的非专利物品等。 行政令还授权美国商务部和贸易代表办公室自行批准关税豁免，无需特朗普本人签署新的行政令。一名 白宫官员表示，此举有助于简化关税政策的执行流程，方便美国政府落实特朗普已宣布的十多项贸易协 定或达成新的贸易协定。 美国总统特朗普 IC photo 熟悉美国政府规划的消息人士称，这些转变反映出特朗普政府内部正在逐步形成一种共识，即美国应该 降低对非国内生产商品的关税。 曾在特朗普政府第一任期担任总统国际经济事务副助理的埃弗雷特·艾森斯塔特（Everett Eissenstat）表 示，这种想法是随着时间推移形成的，"这种共识确实已经存在"。 【文/观察者网 陈思佳】今年早些时候，美国法院作出对美国总统特朗普不利的裁决，认定特朗普无权 援引《国际紧急经济权力法》对多 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the recent trade agreement between the US and Japan, which includes significant tariff reductions on various goods, particularly automobiles and agricultural products [2][4][6]. - The US will reduce the current 25% tariff on automobiles to 12.5%, resulting in a total tariff rate of 15% when combined with the existing 2.5% rate [2][4]. - The agreement includes a provision for Japan to increase its import of US rice by 75% within the zero-tariff minimum access quota, raising the total US rice imports to approximately 60,000 tons [7]. Group 2 - The US will eliminate tariffs on Japanese generic drugs and their raw materials, as well as on Japanese aircraft and aircraft parts [6][7]. - The agreement also stipulates that Japan will import $8 billion worth of US agricultural products annually, including soybeans, corn, and bioethanol [7]. - A memorandum related to a $550 billion investment from Japan into the US was signed, emphasizing that the investment targets will be selected by the US government [6][7].

Group 1 - The core point of the article is that the United States and the European Union have reached an agreement on a trade framework that includes 19 key areas, such as agricultural products, automobiles, aircraft, semiconductors, energy, and digital trade barriers [1] - The framework agreement is expected to reshape the tariff landscape between the US and EU, paving the way for reduced European automobile tariffs and resolving other trade disputes [1][4] - The EU will eliminate tariffs on all US industrial products and provide preferential market access for various US agricultural products, including nuts, dairy, and processed fruits and vegetables [2] Group 2 - The US will apply the higher of the Most Favored Nation (MFN) tariff rate or a 15% tariff rate on most EU goods, which includes automobiles, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and lumber [3] - The US has committed to applying MFN tariffs only to certain EU products starting September 1, 2025, including non-renewable natural resources and aircraft [3] - The EU will continue to negotiate further tariff reductions and identify more areas for cooperation with the US, with plans to implement the agreement's main content following support from EU member states and the European Parliament [5]

巴西总统卢拉已多次公开拒绝美国任何觊觎巴西矿产控制权的企图。当地时间周一（28日），他在里约热内卢的一场能源活动上谈及爆料内容，嘲讽华盛 顿"投机取巧"。 【文/观察者网 阮佳琪】 据新华社消息，美国总统特朗普此前威胁称，将自8月1日起对从巴西进口的商品征收50%关税，同时要求巴西停止对前总统博索纳罗的司法调查，引发巴方 强烈不满。 在外交紧张局势加剧下，特朗普政府一名代表被曝曾非正式地向巴方建议，可通过谈判开放稀土矿产所有权，换取关税降低。美国正不择手段加大对稀土生 产的投资，企图削弱中国在该领域的主导地位。 据悉，这一提议虽未公开，但引发了巴西利亚方面的担忧。巴西官员认为，此举是美方试图通过经济施压，迫使巴西在战略领域让步。 "最近我看到一篇报道，说美国对巴西的关键矿产很感兴趣，"他说，这种矿产现在已经成为了"关键"，"那我就得自己留着。为什么要让别人拿走？" 他补充道，任何企业在巴西进行矿产勘探都必须获得国家授权，且未经政府批准不得出售或转让相关权利。 "我国70%的领土和资源尚未经过勘探，企业勘探必须获得授权，且全程处于政府的监管之下，"卢拉强调，"一旦我们授权某家公司，它就不能在未与政府 协商的情况 ...

Core Viewpoint - Trump's decision to impose a 50% tariff on Brazilian goods escalates trade tensions between the U.S. and Brazil, leading to a significant drop in Brazilian assets [1][2]. Group 1: Market Reaction - Brazilian assets experienced a sharp sell-off, with the Brazilian real falling nearly 3% against the dollar and the largest U.S.-listed ETF tracking Brazilian stocks dropping nearly 2% in after-hours trading [2][3]. - The American Depositary Receipts of Embraer, a key Brazilian exporter to the U.S., plummeted by 9% in after-hours trading [6]. Group 2: Impact on Key Industries - The 50% tariff is expected to severely impact several critical export sectors in Brazil, including steel products, transportation equipment (mainly aircraft and parts), specialized machinery, and non-metallic minerals [6][8]. - Analysts express concerns that these tariffs could render exports unfeasible, indicating a deterioration in the overall institutional relationship between the two countries [6]. Group 3: Political Context - The tariff decision is politically charged, linking it to the judicial proceedings against former Brazilian President Bolsonaro, which Trump claims is a form of political persecution [7]. - The historical partnership between the U.S. and Brazil may be at risk due to this decision, despite differing ideologies of their current leaders [7]. Group 4: Trade Dynamics - The U.S. is Brazil's second-largest trading partner, and the imposition of such high tariffs could have significant repercussions on Brazil's economy, which currently has a trade deficit with the U.S. [8]. - In 2024, Brazil is projected to import approximately $44 billion worth of U.S. products while exporting around $42 billion, contrasting with other countries that have faced similar tariffs [8].