Group 1 - The recent surge in international copper prices, with LME copper futures up over 30% this year, is attributed to a global copper inventory crisis, raising concerns about a potential "copper shortage" [1] - Copper is deemed "irreplaceable" during the industrial transformation, being essential for clean energy, digital economy, and high-end manufacturing [2] - The International Energy Agency's report indicates that copper is crucial for decarbonization, with significant copper requirements for wind and solar projects, as well as electric vehicles [2] Group 2 - Despite the abundance of global copper resources, the distribution is uneven, and the quality of many mines is declining, leading to increased production costs [4] - The global copper supply is projected to face a significant shortfall, with a forecasted gap of 30% by 2035, reflecting long-term supply-demand imbalances [4] - China's copper consumption is expected to reach 15.4 million tons by 2025, driven by sectors like electric vehicles and AI, which are projected to consume 3.8 to 4 million tons this year [5] Group 3 - Technological innovation is being leveraged to stabilize copper production, with companies focusing on breakthroughs in technology, resource security, and recycling [6] - China Copper Corporation is implementing "smart mining" initiatives to enhance mining efficiency and reduce energy consumption, aiming for a significant increase in recycled copper production by 2025 [6] - The integration of technology and industry innovation is seen as vital for meeting the high-end material demands in manufacturing [6]

在更严肃的场景中，影响更为显著。现实世界的庭审数据显示，在472次线上庭审中，如果信号流 畅，犯人获得假释的机会约为六成；可一旦通话出现中断，这个比例会跌至不到一半。也就是说，决定 一个人自由与否的天平，可能仅仅因为几秒钟的网络延迟就发生了偏移。同样，在497次关乎健康的云 端问诊中，信号良好的医生能收获近八成患者的信任，而一旦遭遇卡顿，信任度会显著下降。 为什么信号中断有如此大的魔力？这是因为视频通话本质上是一场精心编织的"幻术"，它模拟了面 对面的在场感。而当画面卡顿、声音错位时，这种幻术就被打破了。看着屏幕上那个动作不同步、表情 扭曲的影像，我们会本能地产生一种难以名状的疏离感，甚至感到可怕、不可信。这种心理上的隔阂， 直接导致了我们在做决策时的偏颇。 更值得深思的是，这不仅仅是一场技术故障，更可能是一场社会不公的放大镜。由于弱势群体往往 面临着更差的网络信号环境，这些频发的"卡顿"会像无形的壁垒，让他们在求职、医疗和司法等关键环 节中屡屡碰壁，从而加剧原本就存在的不平等。 视频中断，断的不仅是信号，更是人与人之间那份微妙的信任连接。在数字世界的缝隙里，那些无 声的乱码，可能在悄悄改写现实人生的剧本。 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the challenges and innovations in rural heating solutions in Northern China, emphasizing the need for affordable and safe heating options as subsidies for coal-to-gas and coal-to-electricity transitions decline [1][2] Group 1: Current Challenges - The stability of gas supply and the long-term safety maintenance of gas pipelines and electrical facilities are critical issues that need to be addressed [1] - Rural gas infrastructure weaknesses and the lack of effective management mechanisms have been highlighted by past incidents, such as a gas accident in Sanhe, Hebei [1] Group 2: Technological Innovations - Technological advancements are opening new avenues for rural heating, with examples including remote-controlled graphene electric heating in Hebei, high-pressure solid heat storage technology in Inner Mongolia, and air-source heating devices in Shandong [1] - These technologies not only reduce direct heating costs but also enhance energy conversion and utilization efficiency, alleviating user burdens and system pressures [1] Group 3: Policy Recommendations - Comprehensive promotion of technological solutions faces challenges such as rural power grid capacity, renewable energy integration bottlenecks, and high initial equipment costs [2] - Systematic and forward-looking policies are necessary, including suggestions for "battery subsidies for rural areas" and dynamic pricing mechanisms to facilitate distributed energy storage technologies [2] Group 4: Future Directions - Future rural heating solutions must be tailored to local conditions, exploring diverse heating pathways to avoid a one-size-fits-all approach [2] - The article advocates for the use of clean energy sources like air-source heating and the accelerated development of heating technology, as well as the resource utilization of clean coal and agricultural waste as fallback options [2] - The success of rural heating initiatives is seen as a reflection of policy effectiveness and the ability of technology to serve the public good [2]

科技日报北京12月10日电 （记者张梦然）美国哥伦比亚大学、斯坦福大学及宾夕法尼亚大学研究 团队联合宣布，一种名为皮层生物界面系统（BISC）的全新脑机接口已经问世，展现出变革性的临床 潜力。这种脑机接口是一款如纸般轻薄的单芯片植入体，速度远快于当今最先进的脑机接口，可实现大 脑与人工智能（AI）的高速无线连接，为治疗多种神经系统疾病带来了新的曙光。相关论文发表在新 一期《自然·电子学》杂志上。 目前，团队正在开发BISC芯片的商业版本，旨在推动其在临床前及未来人类患者中的应用。 【总编辑圈点】 这项突破将脑机接口从笨重装置推向了轻薄的生物集成界面，重新定义了神经技术的可能性。其意 义远不止于技术参数的提升，更深远的是，它将大脑与AI的对话"带宽"提升到了全新量级，让人与机器 的融合，从"指令"迈向了"共生"。而当神经信号能如高清视频般实时流动，许多曾被视为不可逆的损 伤，如瘫痪、失语等，也将展现出被系统性逆转的曙光。这不仅是医疗革命，更是在重新绘制人与技术 的边界。 这一突破的核心在于，BISC能将复杂的电子设备高度集成于一块厚度仅为50微米、总体积约3立方 毫米的硅芯片上。不同于以往需要占据巨大颅内空间或 ...

Core Viewpoint - The successful launch of China's first dedicated power engineering remote sensing satellite, "Electric Power Engineering No. 1," aims to meet the growing demand for specialized remote sensing data in the power grid sector, enhancing construction management, operation, and disaster prevention capabilities [1][2]. Group 1: Satellite Features and Innovations - "Electric Power Engineering No. 1" features a spatial resolution better than 0.5 meters, allowing for precise observation of power grid infrastructure from over 500 kilometers above [1]. - The satellite innovatively implements continuous observation along the east-west direction, covering over 200 kilometers in a single pass, significantly improving monitoring efficiency for large-scale power transmission channels [1]. - It employs advanced "multi-angle stereoscopic imaging and intelligent fusion processing" technology for rapid decimeter-level 3D modeling, providing accurate quantitative assessment data for power grid planning and management [1]. Group 2: Economic Impact and Applications - The satellite is expected to enhance the precision of power transmission satellite surveys and line inspections by over five times, with efficiency improvements in inspections and disaster response nearly sevenfold [2]. - The comprehensive economic benefits from applications in large-scale power transmission line construction management, routine inspections, and disaster response are projected to exceed 1 billion yuan [2]. - A complete system has been established, integrating ground receiving stations and data processing centers, to create a remote sensing monitoring network for various applications, including high-voltage engineering management and disaster early warning [2].

记者12月7日从天津大学获悉，该校教授焦魁团队在氢燃料电池电极技术上取得重要突破。团队利用静 电纺丝技术将催化剂颗粒聚合成类似蚕丝的纳米纤维，层层"织"出新型电极。这种新型电极结构具有高 比表面积、高孔隙率和大孔径特点。相关论文日前发表于国际期刊《科学通报》。 与此同时，偏高的成本也是氢燃料电池大规模商业化的主要障碍。论文共同第一作者、天津大学副教授 樊林浩进一步介绍，目前，制备氢燃料电池会用到贵金属铂，减少铂用量的同时提高其性能和耐久性， 是降低氢燃料电池成本的重要方法。经验证，新型电极结构显著提升了铂利用率和物质传输效率，并能 有效抑制铂的溶解、沉积和离子扩散，使铂载量由现在商用产品的0.2—0.3克/千瓦降到0.1克/千瓦，且 表现出更为优异的耐久性。 此外，该新型纳米纤维电极不仅能够应用于燃料电池，在其他电化学装置领域也具备一定适用性。 （文章来源：科技日报） 氢能因高能量密度被认为是一种极具前景的清洁能源。在氢能技术中，质子交换膜燃料电池以其高功率 密度、零排放和快速响应等优势脱颖而出。但在氢燃料电池中，传统的电极通常由催化剂颗粒随机堆叠 而成，使用这种方法制备的电池电极质量传输阻力较大、催化剂利用 ...

Core Insights - The research team from Nanjing University, in collaboration with Renshuo Solar (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., has achieved significant breakthroughs in the production of perovskite solar cells, addressing challenges related to green solvent preparation and uniformity in film production [1][2] - Perovskite solar cells are recognized as a promising next-generation photovoltaic technology due to their low cost, high efficiency, low energy consumption, and flexible manufacturing capabilities, making them crucial for the green transition of energy structures [1] - The team has developed a mixed green solvent system and an innovative manufacturing process that enhances environmental friendliness during the production of perovskite photovoltaic components [1] Research and Development - The innovative mixed green solvent system consists of γ-valerolactone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, which contributes to the environmental sustainability of the manufacturing process [1] - To overcome the "edge effect" that leads to poor crystallization quality at the edges of large-area perovskite films, the team introduced a "solvent-limited edge protection" strategy, ensuring uniform solvent evaporation across different regions of the film [1] Commercialization and Performance - The research team successfully produced a commercial perovskite photovoltaic module measuring 0.72 square meters, achieving a steady-state power conversion efficiency of 17.2%, setting a world record for 2024 [2] - This advancement is seen as a critical step towards the commercialization of perovskite solar cells, with the technology currently operating stably on a 150 megawatt pilot production line [2]

据《物理评论快报》10日报道，英国牛津大学牵头的科学家团队首次观测到太阳中微子在地下探测器中 触发罕见核反应，使碳原子转化为氮原子。长期以来，中微子因几乎不与物质相互作用而难以被直接观 测，这次突破显示科学家已具备在极低能区间研究中微子—原子核相互作用的能力，为核物理和粒子物 理相关研究打开了新窗口。 中微子是宇宙中最神秘的粒子之一，中微子的直接探测长期以来一直是粒子物理领域的一大挑战。 此次实验依托深埋在加拿大萨德伯里地下约两千米处的SNO+中微子探测器。研究团队关注的是一种极 为罕见的相互作用，即高能太阳中微子撞击实验介质中的碳-13原子核，使其转变为放射性的氮-13。 氮-13会在约10分钟后发生衰变。为识别这一过程，团队采用了"延迟符合"探测方法，先捕捉中微子撞 击碳-13原子核时产生的瞬时闪光，再寻找数分钟后由氮-13放射性衰变产生的第二次闪光。两个信号在 时间上的明确关联，为区分真实中微子事件与背景噪声提供了可靠依据。 结果显示，在2022年5月4日至2023年6月29日的231天观测期内，实验共观测到约5.6个相关事件，与太 阳中微子理论预期产生的4.7个事件在统计上相符。这标志着科学家首次在实 ...

Core Insights - Wireless charging technology is transforming energy supply and management across various sectors, including healthcare, smart cities, space exploration, industrial robotics, automated transport systems, and electric vehicles [1][2] - The global wireless power market is projected to reach 96 billion RMB by 2026, tripling from 2021 levels, with China's industrial wireless charging market expected to be valued at 5.95 billion RMB by 2025 and growing at a CAGR of 16.66% from 2026 to 2033 [1] Group 1: Technological Advancements - Wireless charging eliminates the need for cables, simplifying energy transmission processes and allowing devices to charge seamlessly when in proximity to a power source [2] - The technology operates similarly to microwave ovens, transmitting energy over distances of 1 to 10 meters, which is particularly advantageous in medical implants and industrial settings where wired connections pose risks [2] - Advanced wireless charging systems utilize technologies like magnetic resonance and beamforming to reduce energy transmission losses and can integrate with renewable energy sources [2] Group 2: Innovative Applications - Indiana, USA, is set to showcase a wireless charging highway in 2024, enabling vehicles to charge while in motion, potentially increasing the adoption of electric vehicles [3] - Ossia's Cota adapter provides wireless charging for all USB devices, while Energous' WattUp technology can transmit power over 5 meters, supporting multiple devices simultaneously [3] - Wi-Charge's LIGHTS device uses infrared light for remote wireless charging, with applications in smart homes and wearable devices [3] Group 3: Challenges and Considerations - Despite its potential, wireless charging technology faces challenges, including concerns about electromagnetic radiation and its impact on human health, necessitating further research [4] - Technical limitations and cost constraints hinder the large-scale application of wireless charging systems, requiring precise engineering and optimization strategies [5] - The integration of wireless charging with existing infrastructure presents additional challenges for engineers [5]

美国哥伦比亚大学、斯坦福大学及宾夕法尼亚大学研究团队联合宣布，一种名为皮层生物界面系统 （BISC）的全新脑机接口已经问世，展现出变革性的临床潜力。这种脑机接口是一款如纸般轻薄的单 芯片植入体，速度远快于当今最先进的脑机接口，可实现大脑与人工智能（AI）的高速无线连接，为 治疗多种神经系统疾病带来了新的曙光。相关论文发表在新一期《自然·电子学》杂志上。 这一突破的核心在于，BISC能将复杂的电子设备高度集成于一块厚度仅为50微米、总体积约3立方毫米 的硅芯片上。不同于以往需要占据巨大颅内空间或需切除部分颅骨植入的"电子罐"，这款柔性芯片能通 过颅骨上的微创切口，直接滑入大脑和颅骨之间的硬膜下腔，像纸片一样贴合在大脑表面。这种设计不 仅极大降低了手术创伤和组织排异风险，更利用半导体行业的大规模制造技术，实现了设备的微型化与 可扩展性。 芯片内部集成了65536个电极，配合100兆字节/秒的超宽带无线数据链路，其数据吞吐量至少是现有同 类无线设备的100倍。这使得大脑神经信号能以极高的分辨率实时传输至外部计算机。 在实际应用层面，BISC的高带宽与微创特性为神经科学和临床医学带来了深远影响。研究团队利用该 平台在 ...