Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the impact of renewed recession concerns in the US and tariff disruptions on global risk assets, leading to a decline in industrial metals and equities, while safe-haven assets like gold and US Treasuries have risen [3][4] - The article discusses the "global barbell strategy" as the optimal response for asset allocation in a fragile era, emphasizing the need for a diversified approach that includes Chinese government bonds, US short-term Treasuries, and high-dividend stocks in China, among others [4][11] - It notes that the Chinese risk assets have outperformed those in the US, with the Shanghai Composite Index continuing its upward trend supported by liquidity easing [3][4] Group 2 - The article outlines key economic data and events scheduled from August 10 to August 24, including important indicators such as the US CPI and Eurozone GDP [12][15] - It provides a detailed tracking of global asset dynamics, indicating a widening SOFR-OIS spread and a decline in the US financial conditions index, reflecting a tightening of overall financial conditions in the US [18][20] - The article mentions that the US consumer confidence index has shown fluctuations, which typically correlates with increased volatility in US equities [28][31]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the resilience of China's capital goods exports amid global geopolitical risks and the potential impact of the 232 tariffs and ASEAN export restrictions on future export performance [1][2][3]. Export Performance - In July, China's export growth was slightly better than expected, with a year-on-year increase of 7.2% in dollar terms, up from 5.9% in the previous month [9]. - The export growth to ASEAN and Latin America showed significant improvement, recording increases of 16.6% and 7.7% respectively, likely due to preemptive shipments ahead of the August tariff implementation [9]. - Exports to the U.S. saw a decline of 21.7%, while exports to the EU and other regions rebounded, with growth rates of 9.2% and 19.3% respectively [9]. Risks and Future Outlook - The article highlights that exports are expected to moderate, primarily due to the impact of the 232 tariffs and regulatory scrutiny on transshipments [2]. - The key risks include the potential for additional tariffs on exempt products and the enforcement of stricter transshipment regulations by Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries [2]. - The article suggests that the export of capital goods may exhibit medium-term resilience, driven by global trends of industrial backup and capacity transfer to emerging markets due to geopolitical tensions [3].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Report's Core View - The report analyzes various futures markets, including bonds, stocks, precious metals, and commodities, and provides investment suggestions based on market trends and fundamental analysis [5][7][9]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Treasury Bonds - Last trading day, most treasury bond futures closed higher, with the 30 - year, 10 - year, and 5 - year contracts rising, and the 2 - year contract unchanged [5]. - The central bank conducted 160.7 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations, with a net withdrawal of 122.5 billion yuan on the day [5]. - S&P maintained China's sovereign credit rating and outlook. China's macro - policies will continue to support the economy [5]. - China's exports and imports in July increased year - on - year. The macro - economic recovery momentum needs strengthening, and treasury bond futures are expected to have no trend and require caution [6]. Stock Index Futures - Last trading day, stock index futures showed mixed performance. Although the domestic economic recovery momentum is weak, considering the low valuation of domestic assets and China's economic resilience, the long - term performance of Chinese equity assets is optimistic, and long positions in stock index futures are considered [7]. Precious Metals - Last trading day, gold and silver futures rose. China's gold reserves increased for the 9th consecutive month in July. Due to the complex global trade and financial environment, the "de - globalization" and "de - dollarization" trends, and the possible Fed rate cut, the long - term bull market of precious metals is expected to continue, and long positions in gold futures are considered [9]. Steel Products (Rebar, Hot - Rolled Coil) - Last trading day, rebar and hot - rolled coil futures fluctuated. Policy changes currently dominate the market, and prices may return to the industrial supply - demand logic in the medium term. The downward trend of the real estate industry suppresses rebar prices, while potential steel industry policies may be positive. Investors can pay attention to buying opportunities on dips and manage positions [11]. Iron Ore - Last trading day, iron ore futures fluctuated. Policy affects the market, and iron ore prices follow coking coal. The short - term supply - demand pattern is strong, but may weaken in the medium term. Technically, it is supported, and investors can pay attention to buying opportunities on dips and manage positions [13]. Coking Coal and Coke - Last trading day, coking coal and coke futures rose. After previous fluctuations, they are returning to the industrial supply - demand logic. A coal production inspection policy has affected supply, and they may continue to be strong. Investors can pay attention to buying opportunities on dips and manage positions [15]. Ferroalloys - Last trading day, manganese silicon and silicon iron futures fell. Manganese ore supply has fluctuations, and ferroalloy production is rising while demand is weak, with high inventory. After a decline, investors can consider long positions at low levels [17]. Crude Oil - Last trading day, INE crude oil declined due to the progress of US - Russia negotiations. OPEC+ increased production, and the market is waiting for the September meeting. The US non - farm data was poor, and geopolitical risks decreased. The main contract is recommended to be on the sidelines [20][21]. Fuel Oil - Last trading day, fuel oil declined, blocked by the 5 - day moving average. Singapore's high - sulfur fuel oil inventory is high, and Asian supply is abundant. The market expects more fuel oil arrivals, and the main contract is recommended to short the spread between high - and low - sulfur fuel oil [23]. Synthetic Rubber - Last trading day, synthetic rubber rose. Raw material prices recovered, and the industry's capacity utilization increased. Wait for the market to stabilize and then participate in the rebound [25]. Natural Rubber - Last trading day, natural rubber rose. Supply disturbances slowed down, and the market corrected. The decline space is limited, and long positions can be considered on dips [27]. PVC - Last trading day, PVC rose. The supply - demand imbalance persists, but the downward space is limited, and it will continue to fluctuate at the bottom [30]. Urea - Last trading day, urea fell. In the short term, it will fluctuate with the spot, and in the medium term, it is considered bullish [34]. PX - Last trading day, PX fluctuated. The supply - demand balance is tight in the short term, and the cost support from crude oil weakens. It may fluctuate, and interval trading is considered [37]. PTA - Last trading day, PTA fell. Supply changes little, demand may weaken, and the cost support from crude oil weakens. However, due to the pressure on processing fees and increased production cuts by large manufacturers, the downside is supported, and interval trading is considered [38]. Ethylene Glycol - Last trading day, ethylene glycol fell. The overall supply is high, but overseas maintenance may reduce imports, and inventory is decreasing. Interval trading is considered, focusing on port inventory and imports [40]. Short - Fiber - Last trading day, short - fiber fell. Supply is high, demand has improved, and it may follow cost fluctuations [41]. Bottle Chips - Last trading day, bottle chips fell. Raw material prices fluctuate, device maintenance increases, and inventory is stable. The market is expected to follow cost fluctuations [44]. Soda Ash - Last trading day, soda ash fell. Production increased this week, and inventory rose. The downstream demand is weak, and the market is expected to be stable in the short term [45]. Glass - Last trading day, glass fell. The number of production lines is stable, and inventory is increasing. The destocking speed slows down, and the downstream demand is weak [46]. Caustic Soda - Last trading day, caustic soda fell. Production increased after previous maintenance, and inventory rose. The demand for aluminum products provides some support, and the market is returning to the fundamental logic [47]. Pulp - Last trading day, pulp rose. High port inventory and international shipping suppress the market. The demand for household paper is weak, and the supply - demand balance is weak [49]. Lithium Carbonate - Last trading day, lithium carbonate rose. The supply is uncertain due to mining license issues. The supply - demand pattern remains unchanged, with high production and consumption improving, but high inventory. It is recommended to observe and control risks [50]. Copper - Last trading day, Shanghai copper rose. The copper concentrate is in short supply, and the domestic smelting cost has no room to decline. The Chinese stimulus policy is not satisfactory, but the Fed rate - cut expectation supports the price. The main contract is recommended to be on the sidelines [53]. Tin - Last trading day, Shanghai tin rose. The supply of tin ore is tight, and the production may increase in the fourth quarter. The overall supply is still short, and the price is expected to fluctuate [55]. Nickel - Last trading day, Shanghai nickel fell. The price of nickel ore is weakening, and the supply of refined nickel is in surplus. The price is expected to fluctuate [57]. Soybean Oil and Soybean Meal - Last trading day, soybean meal and soybean oil rose. The low price stimulates demand, and the soybean crushing volume is high. The inventory of soybean meal and soybean oil is rising. Consider long positions in soybean meal after adjustment and exiting long positions in soybean oil at high levels [58]. Palm Oil - Malaysian palm oil prices fell due to concerns about inventory and production increases and weak export demand. Consider long positions in palm oil [60]. Rapeseed Meal and Rapeseed Oil - Canadian rapeseed prices rebounded. China's imports of rapeseed decreased in June, while imports of rapeseed oil and rapeseed meal increased. Consider long positions in rapeseed products [62]. Cotton - Last trading day, domestic cotton fluctuated, and overseas cotton fell. The global and domestic cotton supply is expected to be loose, and the demand is weak. Short positions are recommended after a rebound [64]. Sugar - Last trading day, domestic sugar fluctuated weakly, and overseas sugar fell due to crude oil. The sugar production in India and Brazil is expected to increase. China's sugar imports increased in June. It is recommended to observe [67]. Apples - Last trading day, apple futures fluctuated. The expected apple production in the new season will increase slightly. Short positions are recommended after a rebound [69]. Pigs - Yesterday, the national average pig price fell. The supply is increasing, and the demand is weak in the summer. Consider reverse - spread strategies [72]. Eggs - Last trading day, the egg price was stable in the main production areas and fell in the main sales areas. The production cost is high, and the profit is low. The egg supply is expected to increase in August. Consider reverse - spread strategies [75]. Corn and Corn Starch - Last trading day, corn and corn starch rose. The domestic corn supply - demand is approaching balance, and the consumption is recovering. The new - season corn is expected to be abundant, and the price has pressure. Consider call options for old - crop contracts. Corn starch follows corn [77]. Logs - Last trading day, logs rose. The import of New Zealand logs is expected to increase, and the price is rising. The demand from downstream factories is increasing, and the short - term market sentiment is bullish [80].

【机构分析】 ·光大期货表示，市场关注点聚焦在美国与其他关税方面的谈判，一方面对来自印度的商品确认加征 25%的额外关税，另一方面对瑞典、日本等国的谈判并不顺畅。另外，特朗普将在本周决定美联储新理 事，将借理事空缺挑选美联储下届主席。地缘政治方面，特朗普对普京的最后通牒将在8月8日到期，特 朗普计划最早下周与普京和泽连斯基会面，白宫当天表示，俄罗斯表达了希望与特朗普会面的意愿。黄 金当前处于"降息预期升温"与"地缘不确定性"双支撑窗口，有望维系偏强走势，关注金价能否突破4月 以来的震荡区间。对于白银而言，金银比回归预期渐成市场共识，因此低吸持有仍是比较好的策略。 ·西南期货表示，当前全球贸易金融环境错综复杂，关税存在巨大不确定性。"逆全球化"和"去美元 化"大趋势，利好黄金的配置价值和避险价值。各国央行的购金行为对黄金走势也形成了支撑。美国7月 非农数据大幅不及预期，劳动力市场进一步放缓，美联储有望开启降息，为黄金提供新的上涨驱动力。 因此，贵金属的长期牛市趋势有望延续，考虑做多黄金期货。 ·铜冠金源期货：预计短期金银可能陷入震荡走势 ·StoneX：虽然面临贸易局势和季节性疲软但黄金和白银积极前景仍受支撑 ...

2025 年 8 月 7 日星期四 重庆市江北区金沙门路 32 号 23 层； 023-67070250 上海市浦东新区世纪大道 210 号 10 楼 1001； 021-50591197 地址： 电话： 1 市场有风险 投资需谨慎 | 日 水 | | | | --- | --- | --- | | 国债: | 4 | | | 股指: | | 4 | | 贵金属: | | ת > | | 螺纹、热卷: | | 6 | | 铁矿石: | | 6 | | 焦煤 焦炭 : . | | 7 | | 铁合金: | | 7 | | 原油: | | 8 | | 燃料油: | | C | | 合成橡胶: | | C | | 天然橡胶: | .. | | | PVC: | .. | | | 尿素: | 11 | | | 对二甲苯 PX: | .. 11 | | | PTA: 11 | | | | 乙二醇: 12 | | | | 短纤: . | | | | 瓶片: | .. | | | 纯碱: | .. | | | 玻璃: | .. | | | 烧碱: | .. | | | 纸浆: | .. | | | 碳酸锂: | .. | ...

Report Industry Investment Ratings No relevant content found. Core Views of the Report - For Treasury bonds, the macro - economic recovery momentum needs strengthening, and the yield is at a relatively low level. It is expected that there will be no trend - based market, so a cautious approach is recommended [6][7]. - Regarding stock indices, although the domestic economic recovery momentum is weak, the low - level valuation of domestic assets and China's economic resilience make the long - term performance of Chinese equity assets promising. Consider going long on stock index futures [10][11]. - In the case of precious metals, the complex global trade and financial environment, along with the "de - globalization" and "de - dollarization" trends, support the long - term bullish trend of precious metals. Consider going long on gold futures [12][13]. - For steel products such as rebar, hot - rolled coils, and iron ore, the policy currently dominates the market, and the prices follow the trend of coking coal. Investors can look for opportunities to buy on pullbacks and hold existing long positions while managing their positions [14][16]. - For coking coal and coke, after the price fluctuations, the market is returning to the industrial supply - demand logic. Affected by policies, the prices may continue to be strong. Investors can look for buying opportunities on pullbacks [17]. - For ferroalloys, the short - term supply may exceed demand, but there may be opportunities to go long at low levels when the cost provides support [20]. - Regarding crude oil, the market is complex with high uncertainty due to OPEC+ production increases, poor US non - farm data, and geopolitical risks. It is recommended to wait and see for the main crude oil contract [21][23]. - For fuel oil, the Asian market is well - supplied, and the new US tariff rate is unfavorable to the shipping market. The strategy is to narrow the spread between high - and low - sulfur fuel oils [24][25]. - For synthetic rubber, wait for the market to stabilize before participating in the rebound [26][27]. - For natural rubber, although the macro - market sentiment has cooled, there are still opportunities to go long on pullbacks due to supply disruptions and cost support [28][29]. - For PVC, the supply exceeds demand, but the price may continue to fluctuate at the bottom [30][31]. - For urea, the short - term market may fluctuate, but a bullish view is held for the medium - term [32]. - For PX, the short - term supply - demand balance is tight, and the cost support from crude oil is weakening. Consider range - bound trading [33]. - For PTA, the short - term supply changes little, demand may weaken, and the cost support from crude oil is weakening. There may be a callback risk, and range - bound trading is recommended [34][35]. - For ethylene glycol, the supply pressure increases, but the low - level inventory provides support. Consider range - bound trading and pay attention to port inventory and imports [36]. - For short - fiber, the short - term supply is high, demand is weak, and the price may fluctuate with the cost [37][38]. - For bottle - grade chips, the price may fluctuate with the cost due to raw material price fluctuations and device maintenance [39]. - For soda ash, the supply is at a high level, and the demand is average. The market is expected to adjust steadily in the short - term [40][41]. - For glass, the production is stable, the inventory is decreasing, and the demand is weak. The price may be supported by cost in the short - term [42][43]. - For caustic soda, the supply is increasing after the resumption of production, and the price is expected to be stable [44][45]. - For pulp, the supply tends to expand, the demand is weak, and the price is expected to fluctuate [46][47]. - For lithium carbonate, the supply is high, the demand is improving but the trading is inactive. It is recommended to be cautious due to the uncertainty in the supply [49]. - For copper, the copper concentrate is in short supply, and the support factors for copper prices are weakening. It is recommended to wait and see [51][52]. - For tin, the supply is tight, and the demand is weak. The price is expected to fluctuate [53]. - For nickel, the supply is in excess, and the demand is weak. The price is expected to fluctuate [54]. - For soybean oil and soybean meal, the supply of soybeans is expected to be loose, and there are opportunities to go long on soybean meal at the support level and exit long positions on soybean oil at high levels [55][57]. - For palm oil, the inventory is increasing, but there may be opportunities to go long [58][59]. - For rapeseed meal and rapeseed oil, the supply is expected to increase, and there are opportunities to go long [59][60]. - For cotton, the global supply - demand is expected to be loose, and it is recommended to short on rebounds [61][63]. - For sugar, the production in Brazil is increasing, and it is recommended to wait and see [64][65]. - For apples, the production is expected to increase slightly, and it is recommended to short on rebounds [67][68]. - For live pigs, the supply is increasing, and the demand is weak in the off - season. It is recommended to wait and see [68][69]. - For eggs, the supply is increasing, and it is recommended to hold a 9 - 10 reverse spread [70][71]. - For corn and corn starch, the short - term supply - demand is balanced, and there are opportunities for virtual call options on old - crop contracts. Corn starch follows the corn market [73][74]. - For logs, the supply is tight, the demand is increasing, and the short - term bullish sentiment is strong [76][77]. Grouped by Product Categories Treasury Bonds - The previous trading day, most Treasury bond futures closed higher, with the 30 - year, 10 - year, and 5 - year contracts rising, and the 2 - year contract falling. The central bank conducted 160.7 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations, resulting in a net withdrawal of 288.5 billion yuan [5]. - The macro - economic recovery momentum needs strengthening, and the Treasury bond yield is at a low level. It is expected that there will be no trend - based market [6]. Stock Indices - The previous trading day, stock index futures showed mixed performance. The seven - department joint guidance on financial support for new industrialization was issued [8][9]. - The domestic economic recovery momentum is weak, but the low - level valuation of domestic assets and China's economic resilience make the long - term performance of Chinese equity assets promising. Consider going long on stock index futures [10]. Precious Metals - The previous trading day, gold and silver futures closed higher. The US trade deficit in June was 60.2 billion US dollars [12]. - The complex global trade and financial environment, along with the "de - globalization" and "de - dollarization" trends, support the long - term bullish trend of precious metals. Consider going long on gold futures [12]. Steel Products - **Rebar and Hot - Rolled Coils**: The previous trading day, rebar and hot - rolled coil futures rose slightly. The policy currently dominates the market, and the prices follow the trend of coking coal. The real - estate industry's downturn suppresses rebar prices. Investors can look for buying opportunities on pullbacks [14]. - **Iron Ore**: The previous trading day, iron ore futures rose slightly. The policy dominates the market, and the price follows coking coal. The short - term supply - demand pattern is strong, but it may weaken in the medium - term. Investors can look for buying opportunities on pullbacks [16]. - **Coking Coal and Coke**: The previous trading day, coking coal and coke futures rose significantly. After the price fluctuations, the market is returning to the industrial supply - demand logic. Affected by policies, the prices may continue to be strong. Investors can look for buying opportunities on pullbacks [17]. - **Ferroalloys**: The previous trading day, manganese silicon and silicon iron futures rose. The short - term supply may exceed demand, but there may be opportunities to go long at low levels when the cost provides support [19][20]. Energy Products - **Crude Oil**: The previous trading day, INE crude oil opened low and closed high. OPEC+ increased production, and the US non - farm data was poor. The market is complex with high uncertainty. It is recommended to wait and see [21][23]. - **Fuel Oil**: The previous trading day, fuel oil opened low and closed high. The Asian market is well - supplied, and the new US tariff rate is unfavorable to the shipping market. The strategy is to narrow the spread between high - and low - sulfur fuel oils [24][25]. Rubber Products - **Synthetic Rubber**: The previous trading day, synthetic rubber futures rose. The raw material price rebounded, and the supply and demand are improving. Wait for the market to stabilize before participating in the rebound [26]. - **Natural Rubber**: The previous trading day, natural rubber futures rose. The macro - market sentiment has cooled, but there are still opportunities to go long on pullbacks due to supply disruptions and cost support [28]. Chemical Products - **PVC**: The previous trading day, PVC futures rose. The supply exceeds demand, but the price may continue to fluctuate at the bottom [30]. - **Urea**: The previous trading day, urea futures rose. The short - term market may fluctuate, but a bullish view is held for the medium - term [32]. - **PX**: The previous trading day, PX futures fell. The short - term supply - demand balance is tight, and the cost support from crude oil is weakening. Consider range - bound trading [33]. - **PTA**: The previous trading day, PTA futures fell. The short - term supply changes little, demand may weaken, and the cost support from crude oil is weakening. There may be a callback risk, and range - bound trading is recommended [34][35]. - **Ethylene Glycol**: The previous trading day, ethylene glycol futures rose. The supply pressure increases, but the low - level inventory provides support. Consider range - bound trading and pay attention to port inventory and imports [36]. - **Short - Fiber**: The previous trading day, short - fiber futures fell. The short - term supply is high, demand is weak, and the price may fluctuate with the cost [37][38]. - **Bottle - Grade Chips**: The previous trading day, bottle - grade chips futures fell. The price may fluctuate with the cost due to raw material price fluctuations and device maintenance [39]. - **Soda Ash**: The previous trading day, soda ash futures rose. The supply is at a high level, and the demand is average. The market is expected to adjust steadily in the short - term [40][41]. - **Glass**: The previous trading day, glass futures fell. The production is stable, the inventory is decreasing, and the demand is weak. The price may be supported by cost in the short - term [42][43]. - **Caustic Soda**: The previous trading day, caustic soda futures fell. The supply is increasing after the resumption of production, and the price is expected to be stable [44][45]. Pulp - The previous trading day, pulp futures fell. The supply tends to expand, the demand is weak, and the price is expected to fluctuate [46][47]. Lithium Carbonate - The previous trading day, lithium carbonate futures fell. The supply is high, the demand is improving but the trading is inactive. It is recommended to be cautious due to the uncertainty in the supply [49]. Non - Ferrous Metals - **Copper**: The previous trading day, Shanghai copper futures rose. The copper concentrate is in short supply, and the support factors for copper prices are weakening. It is recommended to wait and see [51][52]. - **Tin**: The previous trading day, Shanghai tin futures rose. The supply is tight, and the demand is weak. The price is expected to fluctuate [53]. - **Nickel**: The previous trading day, Shanghai nickel futures fell. The supply is in excess, and the demand is weak. The price is expected to fluctuate [54]. Agricultural Products - **Soybean Oil and Soybean Meal**: The previous trading day, soybean meal and soybean oil futures rose. The supply of soybeans is expected to be loose, and there are opportunities to go long on soybean meal at the support level and exit long positions on soybean oil at high levels [55][57]. - **Palm Oil**: The previous trading day, palm oil futures rose. The inventory is increasing, but there may be opportunities to go long [58][59]. - **Rapeseed Meal and Rapeseed Oil**: The previous trading day, rapeseed meal and rapeseed oil futures rose. The supply is expected to increase, and there are opportunities to go long [59][60]. - **Cotton**: The previous trading day, domestic cotton futures rebounded slightly. The global supply - demand is expected to be loose, and it is recommended to short on rebounds [61][63]. - **Sugar**: The previous trading day, domestic sugar futures fell. The production in Brazil is increasing, and it is recommended to wait and see [64][65]. - **Apples**: The previous trading day, apple futures fluctuated. The production is expected to increase slightly, and it is recommended to short on rebounds [67][68]. - **Live Pigs**: The previous trading day, live pig futures rose. The supply is increasing, and the demand is weak in the off - season. It is recommended to wait and see [68][69]. - **Eggs**: The previous trading day, egg futures fell. The supply is increasing, and it is recommended to hold a 9 - 10 reverse spread [70][71]. - **Corn and Corn Starch**: The previous trading day, corn and corn starch futures fell. The short - term supply - demand is balanced, and there are opportunities for virtual call options on old - crop contracts. Corn starch follows the corn market [73][74]. Logs - The previous trading day, log futures fell. The supply is tight, the demand is increasing, and the short - term bullish sentiment is strong [76][77].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential shift in the Federal Reserve's monetary policy framework in response to rising inflation and the challenges posed by de-globalization, suggesting a move away from the Average Inflation Targeting (AIT) to a more explicit numerical inflation target to control inflation levels [4][7][12]. Group 1: Inflation and Monetary Policy - The post-globalization era has led to a significant increase in the inflation baseline in the U.S., with the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) index showing an average increase of only 1.8% from 1994 to 2019, but this trend is changing [4]. - The Federal Reserve may abandon the AIT framework, which was designed to support inflation during low-inflation periods, in favor of a clear numerical inflation target to combat rising inflation levels [6][7]. - AIT has delayed the Fed's response to inflation, with the latest cycle showing a 12-month lag in response to inflation exceeding 2%, compared to an average of 5 months in previous cycles [7]. Group 2: Dollar Circulation and Fiscal Policy - The "dollar circulation" has been disrupted due to de-globalization, leading to reduced foreign investment in U.S. assets, which historically supported U.S. government debt [9][10]. - The Fed's quantitative policies need to align with the U.S. Treasury to prevent difficulties in issuing government bonds, especially as foreign demand for U.S. debt decreases [8][12]. - The potential for the Fed to restart regular bond purchases is highlighted, especially if 10-year Treasury yields approach 5%, indicating a need to stabilize the market [10][12]. Group 3: Financial Regulation and Stability - The article notes that the current financial stability concerns may lead the Fed to relax financial regulations, such as the Supplementary Leverage Ratio (SLR), to increase demand for U.S. government bonds [13][14]. - The SLR rules, which limit banks' leverage, could be adjusted to allow for greater investment in U.S. Treasuries, thereby supporting the government's financing needs [13][14]. - The potential for a significant increase in U.S. government debt, driven by fiscal policies, necessitates a coordinated approach between monetary and fiscal policies to manage the rising debt levels effectively [12].

另据央视新闻，当地时间7月31日，美国总统特朗普签署行政令，确定了对多个国家和地区征收的"对等 关税"税率，具体税率从10%到41%不等。"对等关税"的生效日期也被推迟至8月7日，而非此前确定的8 月1日。 上周五收盘时，美国三大指数皆墨，以绩优股为主的道琼斯30种工业股平均指数跌554点，即1.26%， 具有代表性的标准普尔500指数下泻101.38点，即1.60%，以科技股为主的纳斯达克指数跌472.32点，即 2.24%；美元指数以98.47点报收，即跌1.28%；美国十年期国债收益率以4.219报收，即跌3.23%；12月 份黄金期货上涨51美元，即涨1.52%。 过去一周，尽管有META、微软和苹果等企业的骄人业绩加持（亚马逊上一季度业绩超过预期，但本季 度业绩预测值低于市场预期），市场沉浸在英伟达市值过4万亿美元的喜悦之中，美国三大指数却出现 大幅下跌，其中道琼斯30种工业股平均指数跌2.92%，标准普尔500指数下跌2.36%，纳斯达克指数跌 2.17%。这充分说明，美国股票价格已相当昂贵，投资者开始担心市场随时会逆转。有关数据显示，最 近一波接一波的上涨行情是由零售投资者推动的，机构投资者倒是 ...

Group 1 - The article discusses the intensifying competition and cooperation among major global powers, highlighting the politicization and weaponization of economic issues, leading to a restructuring of the global value chain and international division of labor [1] - Since the reform and opening up, China has experienced two typical stages in the global value chain: initial entry into the global value chain and dual embedding within it [1][2] - The initial stage involved China leveraging its labor advantages to engage in low-value-added manufacturing, primarily through outsourcing from multinational corporations, which allowed for the development of export-oriented economic models [2][3] Group 2 - As China's demographic dividend diminishes and Western countries adopt a "de-globalization" stance, Chinese manufacturing faces pressures from both high-end production returning to developed countries and low-end production shifting to developing countries [4] - The key to overcoming low-end lock-in is to invest in advanced production factors, transforming the value chain into a learning and innovation chain, while also restructuring the global value chain to be more China-centric [4][5] - The dual embedding model allows Chinese enterprises to cluster in industrial parks, enhancing their ability to upgrade products and processes through shared resources and services [5] Group 3 - The restructuring of the global value chain post-US-China trade tensions is characterized by shorter, more regionalized supply chains and a steeper "smile curve," reflecting a shift in value chain division based on geopolitical considerations [6] - Developed countries are employing various measures to hinder China's industrial upgrades, including technology decoupling and investment restrictions, which aim to reshape the global value chain under their control [6][7] - In response, China needs to shift its strategy from merely integrating into the global value chain to constructing a national value chain, focusing on building an internal demand-driven global value chain [7] Group 4 - The internal demand-driven global value chain emphasizes self-sufficiency, dynamic competition, and the extension of industrial chains, as exemplified by China's high-speed rail sector leveraging domestic demand for innovation [7] - To achieve this, China must enhance its technological innovation capabilities, improve the business environment, and strategically guide the relocation of its manufacturing sectors [7]

据央视新闻报道，7月31日，外交部宣布8月31日至9月1日天津将举办上合峰会，20多国领导人及10个国 际组织负责人将出席。 这场峰会是上合组织成立以来规模最大的一次。作为轮值主席国，中国过去一年推动上合组织完成100 多项合作活动，覆盖政治、安全、经贸等多领域。各方还在推进四个安全合作中心的筹建，让区域安全 防护网更紧密。中国践行"弘扬'上海精神'：上合组织在行动"的口号，和成员国一起让多边合作的声音 更响亮。 同一时间，美国特朗普政府在全球贸易领域掀起风浪。7月31日，特朗普签署行政令，对多个国家和地 区征收10%到41%的"对等关税"，8月7日生效。当天还宣布把加拿大输美商品关税从25%提高到35%。 加拿大总理卡尼表露出失望，安大略省省长道格·福特建议对美钢铝加征50%关税反击。 对墨西哥，美墨同意延长关税协议90天。这期间，墨西哥继续支付25%的芬太尼关税、25%的汽车关 税，以及50%的钢铁、铝和铜关税。墨西哥则取消了不少非关税贸易壁垒，总统辛鲍姆希望90天内通过 对话达成长期协议。 特朗普（资料图） 美国国内对关税政策的反应两极分化。保守派媒体觉得能保护制造业、增加财政收入；CNN和《纽约 时报 ...