美国联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)周三宣布降息25个基点，将联邦基金利率从4.25%—4.50%降至4.00% —4.25%，符合市场预期。 这是去年12月以来FOMC首次行动。FOMC去年曾实施三次降息，但之后一直按兵不动。 美联储公布利率决议后，市场反应剧烈，美股三大指数短线冲高后迅速跳水，美元指数直线下挫，一度 创出2025年以来新低，随后大幅拉升，由跌转涨；金价自历史高位暴跌。 周四（9月18日）亚市早盘，现货黄金震荡偏弱，目前黄金价格交投于3660美元附近，美联储周三降息 25个基点并释放2025年继续宽松信号，但美联储主席鲍威尔的讲话鸽派程度不及预期，金价应声大幅下 挫近1%。 【要闻速递】 市场的剧烈波动与美联储主席鲍威尔随后召开的货币政策新闻发布会密切相关。他表示，无需迅速调整 利率，可以把今天的举动看作是风险管理式的降息。 FOMC声明称："委员会关注其双重使命所面临的双向风险，并判断就业的下行风险已经上升，" 在会后声明中，委员会再次将经济活动描述为"增速放缓"，同时新增表述称"就业岗位增长放缓"，并指 出通胀"已有所回升，且仍保持在相对较高水平"。就业增长放缓与通胀上升并存，与美联储"稳 ...

Group 1 - The Federal Reserve announced a 25 basis point reduction in the federal funds rate target range to between 4.00% and 4.25%, aligning with market expectations [1] - This marks the first rate cut of 2025 and follows three rate cuts in 2024, with indications of two more cuts expected this year [1][3] - The Federal Open Market Committee noted a slowdown in economic activity in the first half of the year, with employment growth decelerating and a slight increase in the unemployment rate, although it remains at historically low levels [1] Group 2 - Inflation rates have risen and remain relatively high, with the Fed's monetary policy goals focused on achieving full employment and stabilizing long-term inflation at 2% [1] - The committee expressed concerns about the uncertainty in the economic outlook and acknowledged the rising risks to achieving its dual mandate, leading to the decision to initiate rate cuts [1] - The voting outcome for the rate cut was 11 to 1, with Stephen Milan being the sole dissenting vote advocating for a 50 basis point cut [1] Group 3 - The Fed's latest economic outlook indicates that 9 out of 19 officials believe there will be two more rate cuts by the end of 2025, with one official suggesting a total cut of 1.25% this year [3] - Historically, the Fed has utilized the dollar's dominance to adjust interest rates in a manner that serves U.S. interests, impacting global wealth distribution [3][5] - From March 2022 to July 2023, the Fed raised rates 11 times, totaling 525 basis points, reaching the highest level since 2001 [5]

当地时间9月17日，美联储宣布将联邦基金利率目标区间下调25个基点，至4.00%-4.25%，暗示年内可能 继续降息两次。 一图速览>> ■ 关于就业: 劳动力市场正在走软,我们不需 要它继续进一步走软,(而目) 也不希望它走软。 新任美联储理事斯蒂芬·米兰如何主张？ 最新点阵图透露哪些信息？ 关于 风险管理式降息、 反对票、通胀情况，鲍威尔如何表态？ 机构如何解读本次降息？ 25 25 2024 50 2025 有记录来美联储利率走势 *图中数据为目标利率最 2008/1: 2020/03 美联储最新点阵图 点阵图显示,美联储 内部分歧巨大。 在此次降息后,赞成 | : : 年内按兵不动或再降 : + + = = ... 息2次的委员分别有6 :: 位和9位。外界预测, 有1位主张年内激进降 息150个基点的委员 可能是刚进入美联储 理事会的米兰。 2027 2025 2024 相比之下,2026年的预测分布更为分散,利率区间中值集中在 3.25%-3.75%,与目前的利率水平相比,有75个基点的降息空间。 美联储主席鲍威尔 机构解读 ■ 关于风险管理式降息: ■ 摩根士丹利首席美国经济学家 在某种程度上, ...

安联贸易北美高级经济学家Dan North谈及仅有一张反对票(此前部分预期会出现多张反对票)时表 示，"也许他们有点抱团取暖的意思，心想'新来的米兰，他的议程显而易见。让我们团结起来，确保他 明白我们的立场，以及我们都致力于同一目标'。" 贝莱德全球固定收益首席投资官Rick Rieder在谈及潜在的美联储主席继任者表示，"我们认为未来几 年，美联储在实现充分就业和价格稳定双重使命时面临的主要挑战实际上是充分就业。我们再次目睹一 个当前运行良好、企业运营非常健康的经济体，但民众的就业环境正在显著恶化。因此，我们认为这将 成为美联储在未来数月、数季度乃至数年内需要帮助解决的新挑战。" 至少部分困惑可能源于鲍威尔将此次降息定性为"风险管理"式操作。除此之外，尽管FOMC暗示今年将 以较快步伐降息(在10月和12月剩余两次会议上行动)，但其预计未来两年每年仅降息一次，2028年则不 降息。这种鸽派与鹰派的混合让市场感到不安。 会议开始时政治意味浓厚，新任理事斯蒂芬·米兰在周二宣誓就职后首次参会。然而，鲍威尔几乎没有 流露出紧张气氛。"任何投票者真正改变局势的唯一方法是具有难以置信的说服力，而在我们工作的背 景下，做 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve has lowered the benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points to a range of 4% to 4.25%, marking the first rate cut in nine months since December of last year. This decision reflects a cautious approach to managing economic risks, balancing concerns over inflation and employment [1][2][9]. Interest Rate Decision - The FOMC meeting resulted in a 25 basis point rate cut, with the Fed characterizing this as a "risk management" cut. The internal division among Fed members regarding future rate cuts was highlighted, with the dot plot indicating two more cuts within the year [5][10][9]. - The market had anticipated this rate cut, as evidenced by a 100% implied probability of a cut prior to the meeting [3][4]. Market Reactions - Following the announcement, U.S. Treasury yields and the dollar initially rose, while gold prices fell. The stock market showed mixed reactions, with the Dow Jones rising and the Nasdaq experiencing a slight pullback [6][7][21]. Economic Outlook - The Fed's economic projections were slightly adjusted, with a modest increase in growth forecasts for 2025 and 2026, while the unemployment rate was slightly lowered. However, inflation expectations for 2026 were raised, indicating ongoing concerns about inflationary pressures [13][15]. - The current economic situation is characterized as not being in a recession, but rather showing signs of structural divergence, particularly in traditional manufacturing and real estate sectors, which may benefit from future rate cuts [16][20]. Future Rate Cut Expectations - The dot plot suggests the possibility of two more rate cuts this year, but there is significant internal disagreement among Fed members regarding the timing and extent of these cuts [10][9]. - The market is currently pricing in a high probability of further cuts, with futures indicating a likelihood of multiple rate reductions in the coming months [21][20]. Asset Market Implications - The transition from a "loose trading" environment to a "recovery trading" phase is anticipated, with various asset classes reflecting differing expectations for future rate cuts. For instance, interest rate futures are pricing in more cuts compared to the Fed's dot plot [21][28]. - The stock market outlook remains positive, with potential for further gains, particularly in technology and cyclical sectors, as the Fed's actions may stimulate demand and improve economic conditions [26][33]. International Market Considerations - The Chinese market is expected to benefit from liquidity improvements, with a focus on sectors that align with U.S. economic recovery, such as technology and consumer goods. However, domestic policy support will be crucial for sustaining this performance [33][34].

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting on September 16 is crucial as it influences not only U.S. interest rates but also global capital flows and economic policies of other countries [1][7]. Meeting Schedule - FOMC holds eight meetings annually, with four key meetings in March, June, September, and December, where economic projections and the "dot plot" are released, serving as indicators for future monetary policy [2][3]. Meeting Process - The FOMC meeting consists of several steps: economic data presentations, policy discussions, voting on the federal funds rate, and the release of a statement that is closely analyzed by the market [3][4][5][6]. Impact on Interest Rates - FOMC decisions directly affect U.S. dollar interest rates, influencing mortgage rates, corporate financing costs, and savings returns, which are critical for American households [7]. Key Focus Areas - The September meeting is particularly noteworthy due to the potential for a shift in monetary policy, with market speculation about a possible 25 basis point rate cut, which could signal a move towards easing [9][10]. Core Highlights - The meeting will focus on whether to cut rates, the release of the economic projections and dot plot, and the press conference by Chairman Powell, which will address the Fed's independence amid political pressures [10].

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve has initiated its first interest rate cut of the year, reducing the target range from 4.25%-4.5% to 4.00%-4.25%, marking a total reduction of 125 basis points in the current easing cycle [1][9] Summary by Sections Interest Rate Decision - The Federal Reserve's decision to cut rates was widely anticipated, with a 96% probability of a 25 basis point cut reflected in futures markets prior to the announcement [1] - The Fed's updated projections indicate an increase in the expected number of rate cuts for the year from two to three, suggesting two additional 25 basis point cuts after the current one [1][12] Employment and Economic Outlook - Concerns regarding a slowdown in the job market have overshadowed inflation worries, prompting the Fed to adjust its focus on employment risks [2][3] - The Fed's statement highlighted that job growth has slowed and the unemployment rate has slightly increased, indicating heightened risks to employment [3] Voting Dynamics - In the recent FOMC meeting, 11 out of 12 voting members supported the 25 basis point cut, with only one member, newly appointed Stephen Miran, opposing it in favor of a 50 basis point cut [5][6] - The voting outcome did not reflect a significant division within the committee compared to previous meetings [7] Asset Reduction Strategy - The Fed reiterated its commitment to reducing its holdings of U.S. Treasuries and mortgage-backed securities, maintaining a slower pace of balance sheet reduction since April [4] Economic Projections - The Fed has revised its GDP growth forecasts upward for the next three years while adjusting unemployment and inflation expectations [14][15] - The updated median projections indicate a GDP growth rate of 1.6% for 2025, with inflation expected to return to the Fed's long-term target of 2% by 2028 [15]

Core Points - The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) has lowered the federal funds rate target range by 25 basis points to 4.00%-4.25%, aligning with market expectations [1] - The decision reflects concerns about the risks in the U.S. labor market and the challenges posed by rising inflation [3] - Recent indicators show a slowdown in economic activity growth during the first half of the year, with a slight increase in the unemployment rate, although it remains low [3] Economic Projections - The median projections from the dot plot indicate that FOMC officials expect two additional rate cuts of 25 basis points each in 2025 [4][7] - Economic growth expectations have been slightly raised, with GDP growth projected at 1.6% for 2025 and 1.8% for 2026, compared to previous estimates [9] - Inflation expectations have been adjusted upward, with the PCE inflation forecast for 2026 raised to 2.6% [9][10]

北京时间周四凌晨两点，美联储如期宣布2025年首次降息。 与市场预期一致，联邦公开市场委员会将基金利率区间下调25个基点，调整至4.00%-4.25%。 如同鲍威尔8月讲话那般，经严格审核的决议也通过措辞变化着重体现美国劳动力市场的下行风险，同时美联储也面对通胀上行的两难局面。 决议指出，近期指标显示，今年上半年经济活动的增长有所放缓。就业增长速度减慢，失业率小幅上升但仍处于低位。通胀有所上升，并保持在相对较高 的水平。委员会关注双重使命两方面的风险，并判断就业方面的下行风险有所增加。 与7月类似，9月决议也出现了反对票——周二刚来美联储兼职的白宫经济顾问米兰要求降息50个基点。 随政策决议一同发布的点阵图也显示，美联储官员们目前的中位预期是2025年还有两次各25个基点的降息。不出意外，点阵图上也出现了刺眼的"白宫降 息呼声"。 毫无疑问，点阵图上最突兀的那个点有极大概率来自米兰。按照他的预期，9月降息后，美联储应该在年内再额外进行至少100个基点的降息。 点阵图同时显示，9月降息后，在除米兰的18位官员中，有1人认为应该加息25个基点，另有6人认为年内不在降息，有2位官员认为年内应该再降息25个基 点；另 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve has lowered the benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points to a range of 4.00%-4.25%, signaling a shift in monetary policy amid concerns over the labor market and inflation [2][3]. Summary by Sections Federal Reserve Decision - The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) voted 11-1 to reduce the overnight lending rate by 25 basis points, with one dissenting vote advocating for a 50 basis point cut [3][4]. - The decision reflects growing concerns about a slowing economy and rising inflation, with the Fed indicating that the labor market is no longer described as "solid" [4][5]. Economic Outlook - The Fed's statement highlighted increased uncertainty in the economic outlook, with a noted rise in downside risks to employment [5][6]. - The macroeconomic forecast shows a slight upward adjustment in economic growth expectations, while unemployment and inflation projections remain unchanged [6]. Political Context - The recent rate cut comes amid unusual political drama, raising questions about the Fed's traditional independence, especially with President Trump's pressure for more aggressive rate cuts [7][8]. - Trump's attempts to remove a Fed governor and his public criticism of the Fed's decisions have added a political dimension to the central bank's actions [8]. Market Reactions - Following the announcement of the rate cut, there was significant market volatility, with major U.S. stock indices initially rising before experiencing a downturn [12].